kappal > kū́pa in other Indo-European Languages (8)
Turner’s A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages says Sanskrit word kū́pa means “hole, hollow, cave, pit, and well.” He also provides the cognates of kū́pa in other Indo-European languages and dialects:
Pali kūpa-, kūpaaka-; Aśokan, Shāhbāzgaṛhī Rock Inscription of Aśoka kupa-; Girnār Rock Inscription of Aśoka kūpa-; Middle Indo-Aryan forms occurring in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum kupe, kuvo; Prakrit kūva-, kūvaya-, kūvavī-, kūvaviyā-; Gawar-Bati kūé; Kalasha kūi; Khowār kuf; Bashkarīk kōī; Tōrwālī kū, kūī; Shina ku, kui; Kumaunī kuwā; Gaṅgoī (dialect of Kumaunī) kuə; Nepāli kuwā; Bengali ko < kuyā; Oṛiyā kūa, kuā̃; Bihārī kūā̃, kuiyā̃; Maithilī kuia; Bhojpurī kūwā̃; Awadhī, Lakhīmpurī (dialect of Awadhī) kuā̃; Hindī kūā, kū̃ā̃, kũwā; Mārwāṛī kūvo; Gujarātī kuvɔ, kuī; Marāṭhī kuvā; Tirāhī kū́yē.
All these cognates and the following words related to kū́pa originate from Tamil kappu.
*kūpatya, “belonging to the hollow or valley.” kū́pya, “being in a hole.” *kūpakhani, “pit.” *kūpaghaṭa, “well frame.” andhakūpa-, “an overgrown well with mouth hidden.” *upakūpya, “a small well.” *bhūkūpa, “hole in the ground.”