The base forms of the above-mentioned words in the East and West Indo-European languages are given below:
Lat. alter ‘the other (of the two),’ alternus ‘every other (one), one after the other,’ ulter ‘beyond,’ ultimus ‘last, final, farthest, most distant, extreme,’ ultra ‘beyond, on the other side, on the farther side, past, over, across,’ allos ‘another, different,’ aliquis, alius (adjective) ‘another, other, different,’ negare ‘to deny,’ ‘to refuse,’ ne- ‘not, no,’ nullus ‘no,’ nimis ‘too much, beyond measure, excessively,’ neg- ‘not’; Proto-G. alja ‘other,’ aljaz, anthera; Gk. allos ‘other, different, strange,’ a- an-, nē ‘no, not’; O.E. el- ‘else, otherwise,’ un, nan ‘not one, not any, no person; not the least part,’ na ‘no,’ habban, nabban ‘have, not have’; O.Lat. nec ‘not,’ ne oinom; O.Nor. nei; O.H.G. ni, ne ‘no’; Goth. ni ‘not.’