kaṇṭam > káṇṭaka in other Indo-European Languages (18)
Turner’s A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages says Sanskrit word káṇṭaka means “thorn and anything pointed.” He also provides the cognates of káṇṭaka in other Indo-European languages and dialects:
Pali kaṇṭaka; Prakrit kaṁṭaya; Gypsy or Romani and European Kanro; South-East European dialects of Gypsy kai̦o; Dameli kãṭa; Phalūṛa kāṇḍu, kā̃ṛo; Shina and Gilgitī (dialect of Shina) kóṇŭ; Kashmiri konḍᵘ; Sindhī kaṇḍo; Lahndā and Panjābī kaṇḍā; West Pahāṛī and Khaśālī (dialect of West Pahāṛī) kaṇṭā; Phalūṛa kaṇṭo; Jaunsārī (dialect of West Pahāṛī) kā̃ḍā; Kumaunī kāno; Nepāli kā̃ṛo; Bengali kā̃ṭā; Oṛiyā kaṇṭā; Awadhī lakh; Hindī kā̃ṭā; Gujarātī kā̃ṭɔ; Marāṭhī kā̃ṭā, kāṭā; Koṅkaṇī kāṇṭo; Sinhalese kaṭuva.
All these cognates and the following words related to káṇṭaka originate from the Tamil root kaṇṭam.
kaṇṭa, “thorn.” *kaṇṭakaraṇa, “hedgehog.” kaṇṭakāra, “name of a plant Solanum jacquini the aloe plant.” kaṇṭakāla, “the bread-fruit tree, a particular thorny tree.” kaṇṭakita, “thorny.” kaṇṭaphala, “name of various trees, the bread-fruit or jack-fruit tree.” kaṇṭala, “the thorny tree Mimosa arabica which yields gum Arabic.” *kaṇṭavēlli, “a thorny creeper Acacia concinna.” kaṇṭāla, “thorny.” kaṇṭin, “thorny, a kind of fish.” kāṇṭa, “having thorns.” kāṇṭaka, “having thorns.” utkaṇṭaka, “horripilated.” kaṇḍū, “itching, the itch.” kaṇḍūyáti, “itches.” kaṇḍūla, “having a desire to scratch, itchy.” karṇakaṇḍū, “painful itching of the ear.”