Sanskrit ātmán (117)
According to Monier-Williams’ A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Sanskrit word ātmán is derived from the root an, “to breathe”; at, “to move”; and vā, “to blow.” The word ātmán refers to “the breath; the soul; the principle of life and sensation; the individual soul, self, and abstract individual.” It is linguistically related to Old German ātum; Anglo-Saxon adhm; Modern German athem, odem; and Greek ἀϋτμήν (aftmín), ἀτμóς (atmós). It traces its origin to the Tamil root ātaṉ through the transformation of ātaṉ > ātmán. The following words, related to Sanskrit ātmán, also originate from Tamil ātaṉ.
ātma-karman, one’s own act. ātma-kāma, loving one’s self, possessed of self-conceit; loving the supreme spirit. ātma-kārya, one’s own business, private affairs. ātma-kṛita, done or committed against one’s self; done of one’s self, self-executed. ātma-gata, being on itself; gone to one’s self. ātma-guṇa, virtue of the soul. ātma-grāhin, taking for one’s self, selfish. ātma-ghāta, suicide. ātma-ja, self-originated; born from or begotten by one’s self, a son; name of the fifth lunar mansion. ātma-jā, a daughter; originating from intellect, the reasoning faculty. ātma-janman, the birth (or re-birth) of one’s self, i.e., the birth of son; a son. ātma-jña, knowing one’s self; knowing the supreme spirit. ātma-jñāna, self-knowledge; knowledge of the soul or supreme spirit. ātma-tattva, the true nature of the soul or of the supreme spirit. ātma-tattva-jña, knowing or versed in the Vedānta doctrines. ātma-tantra, the basis of self; depending only on one’s self, independent. ātma-tā, essence, nature. ātma-tṛipta, self-satisfied. ātma-tyāga, self-forget fulness, absence of mind. ātma-trāṇa, a means of saving one’s self. ātma-trāṇa-parigraha, a body-guard. ātma-tva, essence, nature. ātma-dāna, gift of self, self-sacrifice. ātma-drohin, self-tormenting, fretful. ātma-nindā, self-reproach. ātma-nivedana, offering one’s self to a deity. ātma-paksha, one’s own party. ātma-parityāga, self-sacrifice. ātma-pūjā, self-praise. ātma-prakāṡa, self-shining, self-luminous; name of a commentary on Vishṇu Purāṇa. ātma-pratikṛiti, one’s own reflection or image. ātma-prabodha, cognition of soul or supreme spirit, name of an Upanishad. ātma-prabha, shining by one’s own light, self-illuminated. ātma-prayojana, selfish. ātma-praṡansā, self-applause. ātma-prīti, strong desire to enjoy anything. ātma-bandhu, one’s own kinsman, a first cousin or father’s sister’s son, mother’s brother’s son, mother’s sister’s son. ātma-buddhi, self-knowledge. ātma-bhāva, existence of the soul; the self, proper or peculiar nature; the body. ātma-bhū, self-born, name of Brahmā; of Vishṇu; of Ṡiva; a Brahman; mind-bora, of Kāma. ātma-māna, the regarding one’s self as. ātmam-bhari, self-nourishing, taking care only for one’s own person, selfish. ātmam-bhari-tva, selfishness. ātma-yoga, union with the supreme spirit. ātma-rakshaka, body-guard, protector. ātma-lābha, one’s own profit; nacquisition (of the knowledge) of the supreme spirit; coming into existence; birth. ātma-vañcaka, deceiving one’s self. ātma-vat, having a soul; self-possessed, composed, prudent; indeclinable like one’s self. ātma-vatā, self-possession, self-regard, prudence; self-resemblance, proportion, analogy. ātma-vaṡa, dependent on one’s own will. ātma-víd, knowing the nature of the soul or supreme spirit. ātma-vīra, a mighty man; a living being; a son, a wife’s brother; the jester in a play. ātma-vrittânta, one’s own story, autobiography. ātma-ṡakti, one’s own power or effort. ātma-ṡuddhi, self-purification. ātma-ṡlāgha, selfpraising, boasting. ātma-saṃyama, self-restraint. ātma-sama, equal to one’s self. ātmasamatāṃ√nī, to render anyone equal to one’s self. ātma-samarpaṇa, equal to ātma-nivedana. ātma-sambhava, a son; name of Kāma. ātma-sammita, corresponding to the person; resembling the soul or supreme spirit. ātma-sāt√kri, to place upon one’s self. ātma-sāt-karoti, to make one’s own, attract, turn to one’s self, acquire or gain for one’s self; to cause to become one with the supreme spirit. ātma-hatyā, suicide. ātma-han, one who kills his soul; a suicide. ātma-hita, beneficial to one’s self; one’s own profit. ātmâdhīna, depending on one’s own will; one whose existence depends on the breath or on the principle of animal life, sentient; a son; a wife’s brother; the jester in a play. ātmâparādha, one’s own offence, personal transgression. ātmâpahāra, taking away self, concealing of self, dissimulation. ātmâpahāraka, self-concealing, dissembling, pretending to belong to a higher class than one’s own. atmâbhimāni-tā, self-respect. ātmâbhilāsha, the soul’s desire. ātmârtham, for the sake of one’s self. ātmâṡraya, dependance on self or on the supreme spirit. ātmâṡrayôpanishad, name of an Upanishad. ātmôdaya, self-advantage or elevation. ātmaka, belonging to or forming the nature of; having or consisting of the nature or character of; consisting or composed of. ātmakīya, one’s own. ātmanā-tṛitīya, third with one’s self, being one’s self the third. ātmanā-daṡama, being one’s self the tenth. ātmanā-dvitīya, being one’s self the second, i.e., together with someone else. ātmanā-pañcama, being one’s self the fifth. ātmanā-saptama, being one’s self the seventh. ātmanīna, appropriate or good or fit for one’s self; sentient; a son; a wife’s brother; the jester in a play. ātmanīya, one’s own. ātmane, dative case of ātman in some compounds. ātmane-pada, word to one’s self, form for one’s self. ātmane-padin, taking the terminations of the middle voice. ātmanya, being connected with one’s self. ātmī-√kṛi, to make one’s own, take possession of. ātmī-bhava, becoming part of the supreme spirit. ātmīya, one’s own. jīvâtman, the living or personal or individual soul, the vital principle. paramâtmá (1), personification. paramâtma (2), equal to paramâtman. paramâtma-gati-prakāṡa, paramâtma-prakāṡa, paramâtma-vinoda, paramâtma-saṃdarbha and paramâtma-stava, name of works. paramâtma-maya, being entirely the soul of the universe. paramâtmaka, the highest, greatest. paramâtman, all the heart; the Supreme Spirit. dur-ātman, evil-natured, wicked, bad. durātma-tā, meanness, wickedness. durātma-vat, equal to durātman. an-ātman, not self, another; something different from spirit or soul; not spiritual, corporeal; destitute of spirit or mind. an-ātma, in compound for an-ātman. an-ātma-jña, destitute of spiritual knowledge or true wisdom. an-ātma-pratyavêkshā, reflection that there is no spirit or self. an-ātma-vat, not self-possessed; unlike one’s self. an-ātmaka, unreal. an-ātmanīna, not adapted to self; disinterested. an-ātmya, impersonal; want of affection for one’s own family.