Sanskrit ápa (90)
According to Monier-Williams’ A Sanskrit English Dictionary, the Sanskrit word ápa refers to “away, off, and back.” It also signifies “down.” He suggests comparing Sanskrit ápa with its cognates in other Indo-European languages like Greek ἀπó (apó), Latin ab, Gothic af, and English of. All these cognates and Sanskrit ápa originate from the Tamil root ava. This ava changes into ápa in Sanskrit through the transformation of ava > ápa. The following words, related to Sanskrit ápa, also originate from Tamil ava.
ápa-tarám, farther off. apa-karuṇa, cruel. apa-kāmas, aversion, abhorrence; abominableness. apa-kāmám, against one’s liking, unwillingly. apa-kīrtis, infamy, disgrace. apa-kukshis, a bad or illshaped belly. apa-karma, discharge (of a debt); evil doing; violence; any impure or degrading act. apa-karshas, drawing or dragging off or down, detraction, diminution, decay; lowering, depression; decline, inferiority, infamy; anticipation; (in poetry) anticipation of a word occurring later. apa-krānta, gone away. apa-krāntam, that which is past. apa-garjita, thunderless (as a cloud). apa-gopura, without gates (as a town). apa-√gai, to break off singing, cease to sing. apa-ghanas, a limb or member (as a hand or foot). apa-carita, gone away, departed, dead. apa-caritam, fault, offence. apa-cayas, diminution, decay, decrease, decline; name of several planetary mansions. apa-cchāya, shadowless, having no shadow (as a deity or celestial being); having a bad or unlucky shadow. apa-cchāyā, an unlucky shadow, a phantom, apparition. apa-jātas, a bad son who has turned out ill. apa-jayas, defeat, discomfiture. apa-jñānam, denying, concealing. apa-dakshiṇam, away from the right, to the left side. apa-dama, without self-restraint; of wavering fortune. apa-devatā, an evil demon. apa-dravyam, a bad thing. apa-dhvānta, sounding wrong. apa-nata, bent outwards, bulging out. apa-nasa, without a nose. ápa-nābhi, without a navel, without a focal centre. apa-nāman, having a bad name (in all the three genders). apa-nidra, sleepless. apa-nīta, led away from; taken away, removed; paid, discharged; contradictory; badly executed, spoiled. apa-nītam, imprudent or bad behaviour. apa-nuda, removing, driving away. apa-√pad, to escape, run away. apa-pātra, not allowed to use vessels (for food), people of low caste. apa-prē(√i), (-pra-yánti or -prá-yanti in third person plural; -prẽyāt in optative case) to go away, withdraw. apa-bhartṛi, taking away, destroying. apa-bhāshaṇam, abuse, bad words. apa-mānas, apa-mānam, disrespect, contempt, disgrace. apa-mukha, having the face averted; having an ill-formed face or mouth. apa-mukham, except the face. apa-mūrdhan, headless. apa-yaṡasas, disgrace, infamy. apa-yaṡas-kara, occasioning infamy, disgraceful. apa-yāta, gone away, having retired. apa-√yu, apa-yuyoti, to repel, disjoin. apa-rakta, having a changed colour, grown pale; unfavourable. apa-rāgas, aversion, antipathy. apa-rata, turned off from, unfavourable to; resting. ápa-rūpam, monstrosity, deformity; deformed, ill-looking, odd-shaped. apa-rtú, untimely, unseasonable; not corresponding to the season (as rain). apa-rtus, not the right time, not the season. apa-rtu, not in correspondence with the season. apa-lapanam, denial or concealment of knowledge, evasion, turning off the truth, detraction; concealing, hiding; affection, regard; the part between the shoulder and the ribs. apa-vaktṛitā, speaking away, warning off, averting. apa-vādas, evil speaking, reviling, blaming, speaking ill of (genitive); denial, refutation, contradiction; a special rule setting aside a general one, exception; order, command; a peculiar noise made by hunters to entice deer. apa-vāda-pratyaya, an exceptional affix. apa-vāda-sthala, case for a special rule or exception. apa-√vap, to disperse, drive off, destroy. apa-vāhanam, carrying off; subtraction. apa-√vī, apa-veti, to turn away from, be unfavourable to. apa-vīṇa, having a bad or no lute. apa-vīṇā, a bad lute. apa-vīṇam, without a lute. apa-√vṛit, to turn away, depart; to move out from, get out of the way, slip off; (in arithmetic) to divide; to reduce to a common measure. apa-vartita, taken away; removed; divided by a common measure without remainder. ápa-vrata, disobedient, unfaithful; perverse. apa-ṡakunam, a bad omen. apa-ṡabdas, bad or vulgar speech; any form of language not Sanskṛit; ungrammatical language. apa-ṡrī, deprived of beauty. apa-shṭhura or apa-shṭhula, opposite, contrary. apa-savya, not on the left side, right; (with auguries) from the right to the left, moving to the left. apa-savyam, apa-savyena, to the left, from the right to the left. apa-savyaṃ √kri, equal to pradakshinam kri, to circumambulate a person keeping the right side towards him; to put the sacred thread over the right shoulder. apasavya-vat, having the sacred thread over the right shoulder. apa-saraṇam, going away, retreating. apa-sarpaṇam, going back, retreating. apa-smṛiti, forgetful; absent in mind, confused. apa-ha, keeping back, repelling, removing, destroying. apa-hala, having a bad plough. apa-hāsas, a mocking laugh. apa-hastam, striking or throwing away or off. apâc, to drive away.