SCALD
(Skeat) Scald (1), to burn with a hot liquid, to burn. (F., ̶ L.) M.E. scalden, pp. yscalded, Chaucer, C. T. Six-text, A. 2020; Tyrwhitt (1. 2022) reads yscalled, but the 6 best MSS. have yscalded. ‘Schaldindewater, scalding water;’ Ancren Riwle, p. 246, 1. 3. ̶ O. F. escalder*, later form eschauder, ‘to scald;’ Cot. Mod. F. échauder. ̶ Lat. ex-caldare, to wash in hot water. ̶ Lat. ex, out, very; and caldus, hot, contracted form of calidus, hot, from caldere, to be hot. See Ex- and caldron. Der. scald, sb.
(Chambers) scald v. to burn with hot liquid or steam. Probably before 1200 scalden (implied in scaldinge, present participle), in Ancrene Riwle; borrowed from Old North French escalder, escauder, from Late Latin excaldāre bathe in hot water (Latin ex- off + caldus, calidus hot; see Caldron). The sense in cookery of heat almost to the boiling point is found in Middle English in 1483. —n. burn caused by hot liquid or steam. 1601, in Holland’s translation of Pliny's Natural History; from the verb.
(John Ayto) scald [13] Scald comes ultimately from Latin calidus ‘hot’ (source also of English cauldron and chowder and related to calorie and nonchalant). From it was derived the verb excaldāre ‘wash in hot water’, which passed into English via Anglo-Norman escalder as scald. ® Calorie, Cauldron, Chowder, Nonchalant
(Onions) scald1 burn with hot liquor; (dial.) burn. xiii (AncrR.). ME. scalde, schalde aphetic- AN., ONF. escalder, OF. eschalder (mod. échauder) = Pr. escaudar, Sp. escaldar burn, scorch, scald, make red-hot, It. scaldare heat, Rum. scălda :- L. excaldāre wash in hot water, f. ex ex-1+L. cal(i)dus hot (perh. in the spec. fern. sb.cal(i)da, sc. aqua water), rel. to calēre be warm. Hence scald sb. xvii.
(American Heritage) scald1v. scald·ed, scald·ing, scalds. — v. tr. 1. To burn with or as if with hot liquid or steam. 2. To subject to or treat with boiling water: scalded the hide to remove the hair scalded and peeled the tomatoes. 3. To heat (a liquid, such as milk) almost to the boiling point. 4. To criticize harshly excoriate. — v. intr. To become scalded. — n. 1. A body injury caused by scalding. 2. Botany. a. A superficial discoloration on fruit, vegetables, leaves, or tree trunks caused by sudden exposure to intense sunlight or the action of gases. b. A disease of some cereal grasses caused by a fungus of the genus Rhynchosporium. [Middle English scalden, from Old North French escalder, from Late Latin excalda$re, to wash in hot water : Latin ex-, ex- + Latin calidus, caldus, warm, hot see kelә-1in Appendix.]
(OED) scald
forms: Middle English schalde, Middle English scalde, scolde, Middle English skalde, Middle English–1500s schald, Middle English–1500s skald, scalde, 1500s scaulde, Scottish scawde, skaude, (1600s scal'd, scold), 1700s–1800s Scottish scad, scaud, Middle English– scald. past tense Middle English skaldid, 1500s Scottish scaldit, Middle English– scalded; 1500s–1600s scalt. past participle Middle English i-scalded( -sk-), skald, Middle English skladdyt, Middle English–1500s skaldyd, skaldid, (etc.), Middle English–1600s, 1800s dialect scalt, 1500s Scottish sc-, skaldit, 1800s dialect scald.
origin: A borrowing from French.
etymon: French escalder.
etymology: < Old Northern French escalder, escauder = Central Old French eschalder ,eschauder to burn, scald (modern French échauder to scald, earlier also to scorch), = Provençal escaudar , Spanish escaldar , Portuguese escaldar to burn, scald, make red-hot, Italian scaldare to heat, warm < late Latin excaldāre to wash in hot water, < ex- (see ex- prefix1) + cal(i)dus hot, warm (see calid adj. and chaud adj. and n.).
- ‘To burn with hot liquor’ (Johnson).
1.a. transitive. To affect painfully and injure with very hot liquid or steam.
b.absol. or intransitive. To be scalding hot.
- intransitive for passive. To become injured by hot liquid or steam.
- transitive. To produce an injurious effect upon (something) similar to that produced by boiling water.
- Of tears, humours.
- b. figurative. Of words, language.
- To wash and cleanse with boiling water:
- the carcasses of animals, esp. swine and poultry, in order to remove hair or feathers, etc.
- vessels, implements, clothes. (Alsowith out.)
- To take off (the hair or feathers of an animal) with hot water.
- To apply a hot lotion or solution to.
- Cookery.
- To heat liquid to a point just short of boiling point. Also intransitive for passive.
- To subject to the action of hot water; to pour hot liquid over.
†5. transitive. To boil to death. Alsoabsol. Obsolete.
- To burn.
6.a. transitive. Of the sun or fire, etc.: To scorch, burn. Also said of certain soils. Obsolete exc. dialect.
- intransitive for passive. To be scorched or burnt.
- transferred. To become inflamed, sore, or raw.
†7. transitive. Of desire, thoughts, etc.: To ‘burn’, inflame, irritate. Also intransitive, to ‘burn’ or be fired with desire. Obsolete.
III. To raise to a heat.
- Glass-making. [after Italian scaldare, French échauder.] transitive ? To bring to a certain heat.
(Online Etymology) scald (v.) c. 1200, scalden, "to be very hot" also "to affect (someone) painfully by short exposure to hot liquid or steam," from Old North French escalder "to scald, to scorch" (Old French eschalder "heat, boil up, bubble," Modern French échauder), from Late Latin excaldare "bathe in hot water" (source also of Spanish escaldar, Italian scaldare "heat with hot water"), from Latin ex "out, out of" (see ex-) + calidus "hot" (from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"). Related: Scalded scalding.
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வ.எண்
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சொல்
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வேர்ச்சொல் அமைப்பு
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பொருள்
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1.
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CALDERA
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"cavity on the summit of a volcano,"
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2.
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CALID
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"hot, burning ardent,"
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3.
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CALOR
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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proprietary name for a type of liquid gas sold in Britain
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4.
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CALORIC
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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hypothetical fluid in a now-discarded model of heat exchange
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5.
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CALORIE
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from PIE *kle-os-, suffixed form of root *kele- (1) "warm."
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unit of heat in physics
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6.
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CALORIMETER
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"apparatus for measuring heat given off by a body,"
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7.
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CAULDRON
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"very large kettle or boiler,"
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8.
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CAUDLE
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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kind of warm drink given to sick persons or invalids
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9.
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CHAFE
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"be provoked, grow or be excited"
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10.
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CHAUFFEUR
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see chafe
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"a motorist,"
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11.
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CHOWDER
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"thick fish soup,"
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12.
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CODDLE
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"boil gently,"
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13.
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LEE
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PIE *kle-wo-, a suffixed variant form of the root *kele- (1) "warm."
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"shelter, cover, defense, protection,"
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14.
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LUKEWARM
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see lee
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"neither cold nor hot, tepid,"
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15.
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NONCHALANT
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"indifferent, unconcerned, careless, cool,"
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16.
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SCALD
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from PIE root *kele- (1) "warm"
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"to be very hot"
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*ghel- (2)
Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to shine" it forms words for "gold" (the "bright" metal), words denoting colors, especially "yellow" and "green," also "bile, gall," for its color, and a large group of Germanic gl- words having to do with shining and glittering and, perhaps, sliding. Buck says the interchange of words for yellow and green is "perhaps because they were applied to vegetation like grass, cereals, etc., which changed from green to yellow."
It forms all or part of: arsenic; Chloe; chloral; chloride; chlorinate; chlorine; chloro-; chloroform; chlorophyll; chloroplast; cholecyst; choler; cholera; choleric; cholesterol; cholinergic; Cloris; gall (n.1) "bile, liver secretion;" gild; glad; glance; glare; glass; glaze; glazier; gleam; glee; glib; glide; glimmer; glimpse; glint; glissade; glisten; glister; glitch; glitter; glitzy; gloaming; gloat; gloss (n.1) "glistening smoothness, luster;" glow; glower; gold; guilder; jaundice; melancholic; melancholy; yellow; zloty.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit harih "yellow, tawny yellow," hiranyam "gold" Avestan zari "yellow" Old Persian daraniya-, Avestan zaranya-"gold" Greek khlōros "greenish-yellow color," kholos "bile, gall, wrath" Latin helvus "yellowish, bay," Gallo-Latin gilvus "light bay" Lithuanian geltonas "yellow" Old Church Slavonic zlutu, Polish żółty, Russian zeltyj "yellow" Latin galbus "greenish-yellow," fellis "bile, gall" Lithuanian žalias "green," želvas "greenish," tulžis "bile" Old Church Slavonic zelenu, Polish zielony, Russian zelenyj "green" Old Irish glass, Welsh and Breton glas "green," also "gray, blue" Old English galla "gall, bile," geolu, geolwe, German gelb, Old Norse gulr "yellow" Old Church Slavonic zlato, Russian zoloto, Old English gold, Gothic gulþ "gold" Old English glæs "glass a glass vessel."
ARSENIC
(Skeat) Arsenic, a poisonous mineral. (Gk.) Chaucer speaks of arsenik, C. T. Group G, 778. It was one of the four ‘spirits’ in alchemy. ̶ Lat. arsenicum. ̶ Gk. ἀρσενικόν, arsenic, a name occurring in Dioscorides, 5. 121. [This Gk. word lit. means ‘male;’ in allusion to the extraordinary alchemical fancy that some metals were of different sexes. Gold, e. g. also called Sol, the sun, was masculine, whilst silver, also called luna, the moon, was feminine. Others suppose the word simply refers to the strength of the mineral.] ̶ Gk. ἀρσεν-, base οf ἄρσην, a male; also, strong, mighty. Cf. Zend arshan, a man, male; Skt. rishaba, a bull; Curtius, i. 427. Der. arsenic-al.
(Chambers) Arsenic n. Before 1393, in Gower's Confessio Amantis, borrowed from Latin arsenicon, from Greek arsenikón yellow arsenic (orpiment) literally meaning "masculine," neuter form of arsenikós, arrhenikós masculine, from ársēn, árrhēn (genitive ársenos, árrhenos) male, strong (the word supposedly referring to the powerful qualities of arsenic). But the Greek arsenikón is actually merely a folk-etymological adoption of a Middle Persian word *zarnīk golden, gold-colored, probably by Semitic transmission (Syriac zarniqā arsenic).
Traditionally regarded as being borrowed from French and Latin, evidence now suggests little French influence initially, for arsenic is not recorded in French before 1398.
(John Ayto) arsenic [14] The term arsenic was originally applied to the lemon-yellow mineral arsenic trisulphide, and its history reveals the reason: for its appears to be based ultimately on Persian zar ‘gold’ (related forms include Sanskrit hari ‘yellowish’, Greek khlōros ‘greenish-yellow’, and English yellow itself). The derivative zarnīk was borrowed into Arabic as zernīkh, which, as usual with Arabic words, was perceived by foreign listeners as constituting an indivisible unit with its definite article al ‘the’ – hence azzernīkh, literally ‘the arsenic trisulphide’. Thiswas borrowed into Greek, where the substance’ ssupposed beneficial effects on virility led, through association with Greek árrēn ‘male, virile’, to the new forms arrenikón and arsenikón, source of Latin arsenicum and, through Old French, of English arsenic. The original English application was still to arsenic trisulphide (orpiment was its other current name), and it is not until the early 17th century that we find the term used for white arsenic or arsenic trioxide. The element arsenic itself was isolated and so named at the start of the 19thcentury. ® Chlorine, Yellow
(Onions) arsenic ā.ɹs(ə)nik †orpiment (yellow a.,Pers. zirnīkhi asfar) xiv (Ch.); †realgar (red a., Pers. zirni$khi qirmiz) xv; white mineral substance (white a. trisulphide of arsenic) xvii; (chem.) semi-metallic element xix. ̶ (O)F. arsenic- L. arsenicum- Gr. arsenikon, var. of arrenikon yellow orpiment, lit. male (f. árrēn male) - (with etymologizing alteration, to express its powerful properties) Arab. azzernīkh, i.e.al AL-2, zernīkh- Pers. zarnī(k), zirnīkh, f. zar gold. Also arsenic xix, arsenical xvii. adjs.
(American Heritage) ar·se·nic n. 1. Symbol As A highly poisonous metallic element having three allotropic forms, yellow, black, and gray, of which the brittle, crystalline gray is the most common. Arsenic and its compounds are used in insecticides, weed killers, solid-state doping agents, and various alloys. Atomic number 33; atomic weight 74.922; valence 3, 5. Gray arsenic melts at 817˚C (at 28 atm pressure), sublimes at 613˚C, and has a specific gravity of 5.73. 2. Arsenic trioxide. — adj. also ar·sen·ic Of or containing arsenic, especially with valence 5. [Middle English arsenik, from Old French, from Latin arsenicum, from Greek arsenikon, yellow orpiment, alteration of Syriac zarni$k7, from Middle Persian *zarni$k, from Old Iranian *zarna-, golden. see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) arsenic
forms: α. Middle English arcennicum, Middle English arsenicum.
β. Middle Englisharcenek, Middle Englisharcenyk, Middle Englisharcenyke, Middle Englisharsenec, Middle Englisharsenek, Middle Englisharsenyk, Middle Englisharsenyke, Middle English arsnec, Middle Englisharsnek, Middle Englisharsneke, Middle Englisharsnyk, Middle Englisharsynek, Middle English(in a late copy) 1500s–1600sarsnicke, Middle English– arsenic, 1500sarsnecke, 1500s–1600s arsenik, 1500s–1600sarsenike, 1500s–1600sarsnik, 1500s–1600sarsnike, 1500s–1700sarsenick, 1500s–1700sarsenicke, 1600sarsnic, 1500s–1700sarsnick.
origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin.
etymons: French arsenik, arcenic; Latin arsenicon, arsenicum.
etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman arsenik, arcenik, arsneke and Middle French arcenic, arsenic toxic substance used in medicines (13th cent. or earlier), orpiment (1372; French arsenic), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin arsenicon (also arrenicum, arrhenicum; in post-classical Latin also arsenicum (a636 in Isidore)), < ancient Greek (non-Attic) ἀρσενικόν (Attic ἀρρενικόν) yellow orpiment, apparently ultimately < an unattested Middle Iranian word (probably transmitted via a Semitic language: see note), subsequently influenced by ancient Greek ἀρρενικός (adjective) masculine, male ( <ἄρρην male (see arrenotokousadj.) + -ικός -ic suffix). With use withreference to the chemical element (see sense 2) compare French réguled'arsenic regulus of arsenic, i.e. the metallic form of arsenic (1704) and later arsenic (1762 in this sense).
Chemistry.
1.a. Μοre fully yellow arsenic: see yellow arsenic n. 1. Arsenic trisulphide, As2S3, a bright yellow solid obtained as a mineral and formerly used as a dye or artist's pigment. Now chiefly historical.
- More fully red arsenic. A sulphide of arsenic, AsS, occurring as a mineral in soft red masses and formerly used as a pigment and in medicines. Now chiefly historical.
- More fully white arsenic. The highly toxic compound arsenic trioxide, As2O3, a white solid used as a poison (see sense 1d) and (esp. formerly) medicinally; see arsenic trioxide n. at Compounds 2.
- A poison consisting of an arsenic compound, typically arsenic trioxide. Also figurative.
- A metalloid element, atomic number 33, which, in its most stable form, is a brittle, steel-grey solid used in alloys and semiconductors, and which forms highly toxic compounds used as pesticides, herbicides, rodenticides, and for wood preservation. Symbol As.
(Online Etymology) arsenic (n.) late 14c., "yellow arsenic, arsenic trisulphide," from Old French arsenic, from Latin arsenicum, from late Greek arsenikon "arsenic" (Dioscorides; Aristotle has it as sandarakē), adapted from Syriac (al) zarniqa "arsenic," from Middle Persian zarnik "gold-colored" (arsenic trisulphide has a lemon-yellow color), from Old Iranian *zarna-"golden" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold).
arsenic -கலைச்சொற்கள்
arsenic மஞ்சுள்ளியம்
arsenic poisoning மஞ்சுள்ளி நச்சீடு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
arsenic உள்ளியம், அரிதார நஞ்சு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
rsenic சவ்வீரம்
arsenic poisoning ஆர்சனிக் நச்சூட்டம்
arsenic உள்ளியம், ஆர்சனிக்
arsenic ஆர்சனிக் (நஞ்சு)
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
arsen`ic அரிதார நஞ்சு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
CHLOE
(Online Etymology) Chloe fem. proper name, Latin, from Greek Khloē, literally "young green shoot;" related to khlōros "greenish-yellow," from PIE *ghlo- variant of root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow."
CHLORAL
(Chambers) chloral n. 1838, borrowed as French chloral, formed from chlor(ine)+ al(cohol). The word was coined by the German chemist Justus Liebig, 1803-1873, after theearlier ethal and is now found chiefly in the commercial preparation chloral hydrate (1874).
(Onions) chloral (chem.) trichloraldehyde. xix. ̶ F. chloral (Liebig, 1831), f. chlor|ine+al|cohol, after ethal.
(American Heritage) chlo·ral n. A colorless, mobile, oily aldehyde, CCl3CHO, a penetrating lung irritant, used to manufacture DDT and chloral hydrate. [chlor(ine) + al(cohol).]
(OED) chloral
etymology: modern < chlor- comb. form2 + -al suffix2; formed by Liebig after ethal.
Chemistry.
A thin colourless oily liquid with a pungent odour, first obtained by Liebig by the action of chlorine upon alcohol; = trichloraldehyde (C Cl3·CHO). The name is applied popularly and commercially to chloral hydrate (C Cl3·CH ·2 OH), a white crystalline substance resulting from the combination of water with chloral, and much used as a hypnotic and anæsthetic.
(Online Etymology) chloral (n.) "colorless liquid formed by the action of chlorine on alcohol," apparently coined by German chemist Justus von Liebig in 1833 from elements from chlorine + alcohol. Later chiefly in chloral hydrate (1874).
chloral -கலைச்சொற்கள்
chloral பாசிக உலர்வெறியம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
CHLORIDE
(American Heritage) chlo·ride n. A binary compound of chlorine.
(OED) chloride
forms: Rarelychlorid.
etymology: < chlor- (in chlorine n.) + -ide suffix.
- 1. Chemistry. A simple compound of chlorine with a metal or an organic radical. A compound analogous to one or more atoms of hydrochloric acid (H Cl), itself called on this type hydrogen chloride.
- Applied in the arts to a number of bleaching and disinfecting compounds, such as ‘chloride of lime’, ‘chloride of soda’, ‘chloride of potash’, which are not simple chlorides, or combinations of chlorine with metals. (Ure.)
- Chlorides: ‘a common term [on the Pacific coast of U.S.] for ores containing chloride of silver’ (Raymond Mining Gloss.).
(Online Etymology) Chloride (n.) "compound of chlorine and another element," 1812, coined by Sir Humphry Davy from chlorine + -ide on the analogy of oxide.
chloride -கலைச்சொற்கள்
dechloridation பாசிகநீக்கம்
dichloride இருபாசிகம்
calcium chloride சுண்ணகப்பாசிகம்
carbon tetrachloride கரிய-நாற்பாசிகம்
carbon trichloride கரிய-முப்பாசிகம்
chloride of lime (காண்க: bleaching powder)
chloride paper வெள்ளிப் பாசிகத்தாள்
chloridimeter (காண்க: chlorimeter)
chloridimetry பாய்மப்பாசிகமானம்
chloridization (காண்க: chlorination)
chloriduria சிறுநீர்ப்பாசிகமிகை
chlorimeter பாசிகமானி
chromic chloride குருமப் பாசிகம்
chromium chloride குருமியப் பாசிகம்
copper chloride செப்புப் பாசிகம்
bismuth chloride செவ்வெளியப் பாசிகை
acid chloride புளிமப் பாசிகம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
chloride வேறொரு தனிமத்துடன் இயைந்த பாசிகம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
polyvinyl chloride பாலிவினைல் குளோரைடு
sodium chloride சமையல் உப்பு
carbon tetra - chloride கார்பன் டெட்ரா குளோரைடு, (குடற்புழு நீக்கமருந்து)
benzalkonium chloride பென்சோக்கோனியம் குளோரைடு
benzene hexa chloride பென்சின் ஹெக்சாகுளோரைடு
butyl chloride பூச்சிமருந்து வகை
ammonium chloride நவச்சாரம்
vinyl chloride resin வினைல் குளோரைடு பிசின்
zinc-silver chloride primary cell துத்தநாக வெள்ளி குளோரைடு முதன்மை மின்கலம்
chloride paper வெள்ளி குளோரைடு தாள் (ஒளிப்படத்தாள்)
zinc chloride filament துத்தநாகப் பாசிகை இழை
chloride imbalance பாசிகைச் சமனின்மை
chloride shift பாசிகப் பெயர்ச்சி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHLORINATE
(Chambers) see Chlorine
(American Heritage) chlo·ri·nate v. tr. chlo·ri·nat·ed, chlo·ri·nat·ing, chlo·ri·nates. To treat or combine with chlorine or a chlorine compound.
(OED) chlorinate
etymology: < chlorine n. + -ate suffix4.
A product obtained by saturating a caustic alkali or its solution with chlorine; = chloride n. 2.
(Online Etymology) Chlorinate (v.) "to combine or treat with chlorine," 1836 (implied in chlorinated), from chlorine (n.) + -ate (2). Related: Chlorinating.
chlorinate - கலைச்சொற்கள்
chlorinate பாசிகச் செயற்படுத்து
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
CHLORINE
(Skeat) Chlorine, a pale green gas. (Gk.) Modern. Named from its colour. The gas was discovered in 1774; the name was conferred on it by Sir H. Davy, about 1809; Engl. Cyclopædia. From Gk. χλωpós, pale green; cf. Gk. χλόη, verdure, grass; χλóos, green colour; Skt. hari, green, yellow. see curtius, i. 249, who makes both yellow and green to be related words. The root seems to be √GHAR, to glow; Fick, i. 81; iii. 103. see green. Der. chlor-ic, chlor-ide, chlor-ite; also chloro-form, where the latter element has reference to formic acid, an acid so called because originally obtained from red ants; from Lat. formica, an ant.
(Chambers) chlorine n. poisonous gaseous element. 1810, formed in English from Greek chlōrós pale green, greenish yellow + English -ine2 (chemical suffix). Chlorine was discovered by the Swedish chemist Carl Scheele in 1774 and called oxymuriatic acid gas, but the name chlorine was coined by the English chemist Sir Humphry Davy, 1778-1829, who first identified it as an element and named chlorine after the color of the gas. —chlorinate v. combine or treat with chlorine. 1856, formed from English chlorine + -ate2.
(John Ayto) chlorine [19] Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas, and was named for its colour. The term was coined by the British chemist Sir Humphry Davyin 1810, from the Greek khlōrós ‘greenish yellow’. Of other words containing this element, chlorophyll [19] too was based on the notion of colour (in reference to the green colouring matter of leaves: the Greek elements literally mean ‘green leaf’), but chloroform [19], originally French, is a secondary formation based ultimately on chlorine (since it was originally regarded as a trichloride of formyl). ® Yellow
(Onions) chlorine, 1810. Named by Sir H. Davy from its colour; f. Gr. khlōrós yellowish or pale green+-ine5.
(American Heritage) chlo·rine n. Symbol Cl A highly irritating, greenish-yellow gaseous halogen, capable of combining with nearly all other elements, produced principally by electrolysis of sodium chloride and used widely to purify water, as a disinfectant and bleaching agent, and in the manufacture of many important compounds including chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Atomic number 17; atomic weight 35.45; freezing point –100.98˚C; boiling point –34.6˚C; specific gravity 1.56 (–33.6˚C); valence 1, 3, 5, 7.
(OED) chlorine
origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element.
etymons: Greek χλωρός, -ine suffix5.
etymology: < ancient Greek χλωρός yellowish or light green (see chloro- comb. form1) + -ine suffix5; named in 1810 by Sir Humphry Davy (see Davy n.1), with allusion to the colour of the gas (compare quot. 1810). Compare German †Chlorine (1811 or earlier), and also French chlore (1814), German Chlor (1814 or earlier).
Chemistry.
1.a. A chemical element of the halogen series, atomic number 17, which is a yellowish-green, pungent gas with diatomic molecules (Cl2), but is found in nature only in the form of its compounds, esp. common salt (sodium chloride). Symbol Cl.
- An atom or ion of chlorine.
- A chlorine compound; a bleach or disinfectant containing a chlorine compound
(Online Etymology) Chlorine (n.) nonmetallic element, the name coined 1810 by English chemist Sir Humphry Davy from Latinized form of Greek khlōros "pale green" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow") + chemical suffix -ine (2). Named for its color. Discovered 1774, but known at first as oxymuriatic acid gas, or dephlogisticated marine acid.
chlorine - கலைச்சொற்கள்
euchlorine மேம்பாசிகை
chlorination பாசிகச் செயற்பாடு
chlorine பாசிகை
chlorine atoms பாசிகை அணுக்கள்
chlorine dioxide பாசிகை-ஈருயிரகை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
chlorine பாசிகம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
Chlorine பசியம்
-கலைச்சொல் அகராதி
chlorine monoxide குளோரின் மோனாக்சைடு
organochlorines ஆர்கனோ குளோரின்கள்
chlorine water குளோரின் நீர்
chlorine zinc குளோரின் துத்தநாகம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHLORO-
(Chambers) chloro- a combining form meaning: 1) green, as in chlorophyll. 2) chlorine, as in chloroform. Borrowed from Greek chlōro-, combining form of chlōrós pale green, greenish yellow, related to chlóē young grass; cognate with Latin helvus dull yellow, and Old English geolu yellow, from Indo-European *ĝhel-wo-s, "ĝhlou-/ ĝhlō(u)- (Pok.429).
(Onions) chloro-1 comb. form of Gr. khlo$rós pale green, as in chlo·rophyll (xix)- F. chlorophylle (Gr. phúllon leaf). chloro-2 comb. form of chlorine.
(American Heritage) chloro- or chlor- pref. 1. Green: chlorosis. 2. Chlorine: chloroform. [From Greek khloros, green. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) chloro-
forms: before a vowel commonly shortened to chlor- comb. form1.
etymology: < Greek χλωρο- combining form of χλωρός green, pale green, as in χλωρόκομος green-leaved, χλωρο-μέλαν pale black.
An element in many modern scientific terms, chiefly of Botany and Mineralogy. Besides those explained in their alphabetical places, are the following:
(Online Etymology) chloro- before vowels chlor-, word-forming element used in chemistry, usually indicating the presence of chlorine in a compound, but sometimes "green," from Latinized combining form of Greek khlōros "greenish-yellow" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow").
chloro - கலைச்சொற்கள்
chlorogonidium பச்சை வித்தியம்
chlorophane விழித்திரைப் பசுமஞ்சள்நிறமி
chlorophyllaceous பச்சிலையங்கொண்ட
chloropidae கண்கொசு
chlorosis பைஞ்சோகை
chlorosis வெண்பச்சைநோய்
chlorostatolith பச்சைய-நிலைக்கல்
chlorotic leaf வெளிறிய இலை
chloroxylong siviltenia (காண்க: east indian satinwood)
chloruria (காண்க: chloriduria)
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
chloro fluoro carbon குளோரோ ஃப்ளுரோ கார்பன்
chloroplast பசுங்கணிகம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHLOROFLUROCARBON
(American Heritage) chlo·ro·fluor·o·car·bon n. Abbr. CFC Any of various halocarbon compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine, once used widely as aerosol propellants and refrigerants. Chlorofluorocarbons are believed to cause depletion of the atmospheric ozone layer.
(Online Etymology) Chloroflurocarbon n.by 1946, from chloro- + fluorocarbon.
CHLOROFORM
(Chambers) chloroform (klôr´afôrm) n. colorless liquid used as ananesthetic, solvent, refrigerant, etc. 1838, borrowed from French chloroforme (chioro- chlorine + -forme, from formique formic (acid). The substance was discovered in 1831 and 1832 by three chemists working independently, but the source of the English word was not coined in French until 1834 by the French chemist Jean Baptiste Dumas. —v. administer chloroform to. 1848, in an article by Sir James Simpson, from the noun.
(John Ayto) see Chlorine
(Onions) chloroform liquid of which the vapour is an æsthetic. XIX. ̶ F. chloroforme (J. Dumas, 1834), f. chloro- (see prec.) + form|yl, as being a chloride of formyl (in its obs. sense of methenyl, CH).
(American Heritage) chlo·ro·form n. Abbr. chl. A clear, colorless, heavy, sweet-smelling liquid, CHCl3, used in refrigerants, propellants, and resins, as a solvent, and sometimes as an anesthetic. Chloroform, once widely used in human and veterinary surgery, has generally been replaced by less toxic, more easily controlled agents. — v. tr. chlo·ro·formed, chlo·ro·form·ing, chlo·ro·forms. 1. To treat with chloroform to anesthetize, render unconscious, or kill. 2. To apply chloroform to. [Chloro- + Form(Yl).]
(OED) chloroform
etymology: < French chloroforme, name given by Dumas in 1834, < chloro- comb. form2 + form- (in formyl n.), as being a chloride of formyl (in its obsolete sense of CH = methenyl; not in its present sense of the oxidized radical CHO of formic acid). (Show Less)
The common name of a thin colourless liquid (specific gravity 1·5), having a pleasant ethereal odour, and pungent sweetish taste, the vapour of which when inhaled produces insensibility; hence it is much used as an anæsthetic in surgical and obstetrical operations. Chemically, it is a triatomic haloid ether of the methyl series = trichloromethane, or methenyl trichloride, Cl3CH.
(Online Etymology) Chloroform (n.) "trichloromethane," volatile, colorless liquid used as an anaesthetic, 1835, from French chloroforme, a hybrid coined 1834 by French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas (1800-1884) from chloro-, combining form meaning "chlorine" (see chlorine), + formique "formic (acid)" (see formic (adj.)).
chloroform - கலைச்சொற்கள்
Chloroform மயக்கப் பாசிகம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
Chloroform குளோரோபார்ம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHLOROPHYLL
(Chambers) chlorophyll or chlorophyl (klôr´əfil) n. green coloring matter of plants. 1819, borrowed from French chlorophyle, from Greek chlōrós pale green, CHLORO- + phýllon leaf; altered (probably by influence of phýein to grow) from earlier *phóllon, cognate with Latin folium leaf, from Indo-European *bhol- bloom (Pok.122). The name was coined by the French chemists J. B. Caventou and P. J. Pelletier. —chloroplast n. plant cell containing chlorophyl. 1887, in a translation of a German textbook by Strasburger, who in 1884 shortened the original German chloroplastid (1883) formed from chloro- + plastid. (OEDS)
(American Heritage) chlo·ro·phyll also chlo·ro·phyl n. Any of a group of related green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms, especially: a. A waxy blue-black microcrystalline green-plant pigment, C55H72MgN4O5, with a characteristic blue-green alcohol solution. Also called chlorophyll a b. A similar greenplant pigment, C55H70MgN4O6, having a brilliant green alcohol solution. Also called chlorophyll b
(OED) chlorophyll
forms: (Also chlorophyle, chlorophylle, chlorophyl.)
etymology: < French chlorophylle< Greek χλωρός green + ϕύλλον leaf.
Botany and Chemistry.
The colouring matter of the leaves and other green parts of plants; found in the cells usually in the form of minute granules (chlorophyll-bodies or -corpuscles). Its chemical composition is uncertain. It forms the colouring matter also of various green water-animalcules, e.g. Hydra viridis.
(Online Etymology) Chlorophyll (n.) green-colored stuff in plants, 1819, from French chlorophyle (1818), coined by French chemists Pierre-Joseph Pelletier (1788-1842) and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou (1795-1877) from chloro-, from Latinized form of Greek khlōros "pale green, greenish-yellow" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow") + phyllon "a leaf" (from suffixed form of PIE root *bhel- (3) "to thrive, bloom").
chlorophyll - கலைச்சொற்கள்
chlorophyl பச்சையம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
photodestruction of chlorophyll ஒளியால் பச்சையம் அழிவு
bacteriochlorophyll பாக்டீரியப் பச்சையம்
chlorophyll இலைப்பச்சை
bacteria chlorophyll நுண்ணுயிரிப் பச்சையம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHLOROPLAST
(Chambers) see Chlorophyll
(American Heritage) chlo·ro·plast also chlo·ro·plas·tid n. Botany. A chlorophyll-containing plastid found in algal and green plant cells. [Chloro- + Plast(Id).]
(OED) chloroplast
forms: Formerly also chloroplastid(e.
etymology: < German (formed by E. Strasburger in 1884 as a shortening of German chloroplastid (A. F. W. Schimper 1883, in Bot. Zeitung 16 Feb. 108)): compare chloro- comb. form1 and -plast comb. form.
Biology.
A plastid containing chlorophyll.
(Online Etymology) Chloroplast (n.) 1887, from German chloroplast (1884, Eduard Strasburger), shortened from chloroplastid "a chlorophyll granule" (1883, Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper); see chloro- + -plast.
chloroplast - கலைச்சொற்கள்
chloroplast பைம்பயினம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
chloroplast இலை-தழைகளில் பசுமைக்கும் காரணமான பாசியம் ஆக்கும் கூறு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
Chloroplast பசுங்கணியம்
-கலைச்சொல் அகராதி
chloroplast பசுங்கனிகம், பச்சைநிறமி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHOLECYST
(American Heritage) cho·le·cyst n. The gallbladder.
(OED) cholecyst
etymology: < modern Latin cholecystis, < Greek χολή gall + κύστις bladder, cyst.
The gall bladder (rare).
(Online Etymology) Cholecyst (n.) "gall bladder," 1846, from medical Latin cholecystis, incorrectly formed from Greek khole "gall" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall") + kystis "bladder, cyst" (see cyst). Related: Cholecystectomy.
cholecyst -கலைச்சொற்கள்
cholecyst (காண்க: gall bladder)
cholecystalgia பித்தநீர்க்குழாய் வலி
cholecystangiogram பித்தப்பைக் குழல்வரையம்
cholecystangiography பித்தப்பைக் குழல் வரைவு
cholecystectomy பித்தப்பை நீக்கறுவை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
cholecyst பித்தப்பைக் கட்டி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
CHOLER
(Skeat) Choler, the bile; anger. (F., ̶ L., ̶ Gk.) The h is a 16th century insertion, due to a knowledge of the source of the word. M.E. coler, bile; Gower, C. A. iii. 100. The adj. colerik is in Chaucer’s Prol. 589. ̶ O. F. colere, which in Cotgrave is also written cholere, and explained by ‘choler, anger, also the complexion or humour tearmed choler.’ ̶ Lat. cholera, bile; also, cholera, or a bilious complaint (Pliny). ̶ Gk. χολέρα, cholera; χολή, bile; χόλος, bile, also wrath, anger. The Gk. χολή is Lat. fel, and E. gall. see Gall. Der. choler-ic. Doublet, cholera, as shewn.
(Chambers) Choler (kol´ər) n. irritable disposition. About 1390 colre, colere, in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, one of the humors, bile (supposed to cause irascibility or temper), also a digestive disorder (before 1382, in the Wycliffe Bible); borrowed from Old French colre bile, anger, learned borrowing of Late Latin cholera bile; see cholera. Middle English coler was respelled choler in the 1500's and 1600’s in imitation of the Latin spelling. —Choleric adj, 1340 colrik irascible, temperamental, in Ayenbite of Inwyt, borrowed from Old French colerique, colorik, learned borrowing of Late Latin cholericus bilious, from Greek cholerikós bilious.
(Onions) Choler kә·lәɹ bile xiv; anger xvi. ME. coler(e) ̶ (O)F. colère ̶ L. cholera; see next. In late L. cholera took over the meanings of Gr. kholḕ bile, anger, and became the techn.name for one of the four ‘humours’ of the old physiologists (cf. melancholy). So cho·leric †bilious xiv; irascible, angry xvi. ̶ (O)F.colérique ̶ L. cholericus ̶ Gr. kholerikós.
(American Heritage) chol·er n. 1. Anger; irritability. 2. a. Archaic. One of the fourhumors of the body thought in the Middle Ages to cause anger and bad temperwhen present in excess; yellow bile. b. Obsolete. The quality or condition of beingbilious. [Middle English colre, from Old French, from Latin cholera, cholera, jaundice, from Greek kholera, from khole$, bile. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) choler
forms: α. Middle English colore, Middle English colre, Middle English–1500s colere, Middle English–1500s coloure, Middle English–1600s coler, 1500s collar, 1500s collor, 1500s color, 1500s colour, 1500s coollour, 1500s coulour, 1500s–1600s coller.
β. Middle English colorye, Middle English colrie, Middle English colrye.
γ. 1500s cholere, 1500s–1600s cholier, 1500s–1600s chollere, 1500s–1600s chollor, 1500s–1600s cholor, 1500s–1700s cholar, 1500s–1700s chollar, 1500s–1700s choller, 1500s– choler. N.E.D. (1889) also records a form Middle English collor.
origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin.
etymons: French colere; Latin cholera.
etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman colore, Anglo-Norman and Middle French colere, collere, colre, Middle French cholere (French colère) one of the four cardinal humours, identified as bile, and supposed when predominant to cause irritability or irascibility of temper (13th cent. or earlier in Old French), anger, rage (1416), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin cholera (in post-classical Latin also colera) cholera n. The Latin noun was also borrowed into other Germanic languages at an early date. Compare Middle Dutch kōlre anger, rage (Dutch kolder, now denoting various diseases in horses), Middle Low German cōler, cōlre, cōlere anger, rage, Middle High German kolre anger, rage (German Koller, now colloquial in senses ‘anger, rage’ and ‘tantrum’, in the standard language usually denoting various diseases in horses). Compare cholera n. and discussion at that entry, and also earlier choleric n.
- n.
†1. In early biblical translations: illness (probably nausea) attributed to overeating. Obsolete. rare.
2.a. In ancient and medieval physiology: one of the four cardinal humours (see humour n. 1a), identified as bile (or as present within bile) and described as hot and dry in nature, and supposed when predominant to cause irritability or irascibility of temper (now historical). Also called red choler (see red adj. and n. Compounds 1f(c)). In later use also: bile as a normal body fluid (rare). Also figurative.
- Excessive or abnormal choler regarded as a cause of disease; the disease produced by such choler; (as a count noun) a type of abnormal choler. Frequently with distinguishing word (often an adjective of colour). Now historical.
- choler adust n. (also adust choler) now historical an abnormal form of choler having a black or dark colour; (also) the humour melancholy (melancholy n.1 2a) (in a normal or abnormal form); cf. black choler n.
- Anger, rage. Also: proneness to anger; irascibility, fieriness, ill temper. Cf. bile n. 2, gall n.1 3a.
†4. A disease of pigs (not identified) characterized by weight loss and somnolence. Cf. cholera n. 6. Obsolete. rare.
†b. adj.
= choleric adj. Obsolete. rare.
(Online Etymology) choler (n.) late 14c., "bile," as one of the humors, an excess of which was supposed in old medicine to cause irascibility or temper, from Old French colere "bile, anger," from Late Latin cholera "bile" (see cholera).
choler - கலைச்சொற்கள்
choler பித்தநீர்
cholerrhagia பித்தவொழுக்கு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
choler கோபம், சினம், சிடுசிடுப்பு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
CHOLERA
(Skeat) see choler
(Chambers) cholera (kol´ərə) n. acute disease of the stomach and intestines. 1565-78; earlier probably not differentiated from, and perhaps, often the same as Middle English choler (before 1382, in the Wycliffe Bible); borrowed from Middle French choléra, or directly from Latin cholera, from Creek cholérā a digestive disorder, especialy biliousness, jaundice, from cholḗ bile; see GALL1 bile.
cholera [14] Greek kholéra originally meant ‘illness caused by choler, bilious attack’; it was a derivative of kholé ‘bile’ (which is related to English gall). Passing into Latin as cholera, it began to be used for ‘bile’ itself, both in the physiological sense and as representing one of the four ancient humours, ‘anger’. It had thatsense when first adopted into English, and intoFrench, where it became colère (source of English choler [14]). It was revived as a term fora severe digestive disorder, involving vomiting, diarrhoea, etc, in the 17th century, and in the19th century was applied (from the similarity ofthe symptoms) to the often fatal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio comma. ® Gall, Melancholy
(Onions) cholera †bile xiv; disorder attended with bilious diarrhoea, etc. xvii; disease endemic in India, so named from the resemblance of its symptoms to those of European cholera xix. ̶ L. cholera ̶ Gr.kholérā. The L. word was orig. applied, like the Gr., only to the disease, but later took over the sense ‘bile’, ‘anger’ from Gr. kholḕ (see Gall). Cf. colic.
(American Heritage) chol·er·a n. 1. An acute infectious disease of the small intestine, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, severe dehydration, and depletion of electrolytes. Also called Asiatic cholera 2. Any of various diseases of domesticated animals, such as chickens, turkeys, or hogs, marked by severe gastroenteritis. [Latin, cholera, jaundice. see Choler.]
(Online Etymology) Cholera (n.) late 14c., "bile, melancholy" (originally the same as choler), from French cholera or directly from Late Latin cholera, from Greek kholera "a type of disease characterized by diarrhea, supposedly caused by bile" (Celsus), from khole "gall, bile," so called for its color, related to khloazein "to be green," khlōros "pale green, greenish-yellow," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall." But another sense of khole was "drainpipe, gutter."
CHOLERIC
(Chambers) see choler
(John Ayto) see yellow
(Onions) see choler
(American Heritage) chol·er·ic adj. 1. Easily angered; bad-tempered. 2. Showing or expressing anger.
(OED) choleric
forms: Middle English colorik, Middle English coloryke, Middle English colrik, Middle English colryk, Middle English–1500s colerike, Middle English–1500s coleryk, Middle English–1500s coleryke, Middle English–1500s colleryk, Middle English–1500s colloryke, Middle English–1500s coloryk, Middle English–1500s coloryke, Middle English–1600s colerik, 1500s cholarik, 1500s cholarike, 1500s choleryck, 1500s cholerycke, 1500s choliricke, 1500s choloricke, 1500s choloricque, 1500s cholorique, 1500s colerycke, 1500s colleryke, 1500s colorycke, 1500s–1600s cholarick, 1500s–1600s cholaricke, 1500s–1600s cholerike, 1500s–1600s cholerique, 1500s–1600s choleryke, 1500s–1600s chollericke, 1500s–1600s chollorick, 1500s–1600s cholloricke, 1500s–1600s choloricke, 1500s–1600s collerick, 1500s–1600s collericke, 1500s–1700s cholerick, 1500s–1700s chollerick, 1500s– choleric, 1600s cholericque, 1600s cholleric, 1600s chollerycke, 1600s colerick, 1600s collerik, 1600s–1700s cholorick, 1700s collarick; also Scottish pre-1700 colerik, pre-1700 colerike, pre-1700 coleryk, pre-1700 coloryk.
origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin.
etymons: French colerique; Latin cholericus.
etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman coleric, colerik, Anglo-Norman and Middle French colerique, collerique, Middle French cholerique, collorique, colloricque, colorique (French cholérique, colérique) (noun) person having a predominance of choler among the bodily humours (13th cent. in Old French), irascible person (late 14th cent.), (adjective) containing the humour choler (beginning of the 13th cent. in Old French), designating the humour choler (14th cent.), irascible, hot-tempered, prone to anger (early 14th cent.), enraged, angry (a1372), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin cholericus, colericus bilious (late 4th cent.; frequently from c1200 in British sources), prone to anger (13th cent. in British sources; already in classical Latin as noun, denoting a person suffering from cholera (see cholera n. 3)) < ancient Greek χολερικός of or like cholera (see cholera n. 3), in Hellenistic Greek also suffering from cholera, liable to produce cholera <χολέρα cholera n. + -ικός -ic suffix. Compare Catalan colèric (14th cent. as adjective, also as noun), Spanish colérico (late 14th cent. as noun and adjective), Portuguese colérico (15th cent. as adjective, also as noun), Italian collerico (beginning of the 14th cent. as adjective, also as noun); also Middle Low German colērik, noun, German cholerisch, adjective (end of the 15th cent. as †colerisch). Compare cholerical adj.
- n.
- Originally: a person having a predominance of choler (choler n. 2a) among the bodily humours (now historical). Later also: an irascible person.
- With the and plural agreement. Choleric people as a class.
†3. A person affected with cholera; = choleraic n. Cf. sense B. 7. Obsolete.
- adj.
1.a. Of a person: having a predominance of choler (choler n. 2a) among the bodily humours. Now historical.
- Of a complexion (complexion n. 1), temperament, etc.: dominated or characterized by choler. Now historical.
†2.a. Caused by or containing choler (choler n. 2a), esp. in excessive quantity or abnormal form. Obsolete.
- Of a food: causing an excess of choler. Obsolete.
- Designating the humour choler. Now historical.
- Of a sign of the zodiac, planet, season, etc.: associated with or affecting choleric people; giving rise to anger or irascibility. Now historical.
5.a. Disposed to anger or easily angered; hot-tempered, fiery; bad-tempered, irascible; irritable, cantankerous. Also: characterized by or indicative of such a temperament.
- Of words, feelings, actions, etc.: demonstrating or characterized by anger; proceeding from anger.
- Feeling or showing anger; enraged, angry. Also: angry with a person.
†6. Hot, or hot and dry. Obsolete. rare.
- Of, relating to, or of the nature of the disease cholera; affected with cholera; = choleraic adj.
(Online Etymology) Choleric (adj.) mid-14c., colrik, "bilious of temperament or complexion," from Old French colerique, from Late Latin cholericus, from Greek kholerikos, from Greek kholera "a type of disease characterized by diarrhea, supposedly caused by bile," from khole "gall, bile," so called for its color, related to khloazein "to be green," khlōros "pale green, greenish-yellow," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall." Meaning "easily angered, hot-tempered" is from 1580s (from the supposed effect of excess choler); that of "pertaining to cholera" is from 1834.
cholera - கலைச்சொற்கள்
cholera கக்கல்-கழிச்சல்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
cholera வாந்திபேதி
cholera-belt மென் சணல் அரைக்கச்சை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
cholera கக்கலும் கழிச்சலும்
cholera காலரா
cholera கழிச்சல் நோய்
cholera காலராநோய்
hog cholera பன்றிக்காலரா
fowl cholera கோழி காலரா
cholera காலரா கழிச்சல்
cholera வாந்தி பேதி
vibrio cholera வளைய நுண்ணுயிரி நோய்
cholera காலரா, கழிச்சல் நோய்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Cholera காலெரா கழிச்சல்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
CHOLESTEROL
(Skeat) see choler
(Chambers) cholesterol (kəles´terōl) n. fatty substance found in the blood and tissues. 1894, formed from English cholester-(in) from French cholestrine (from Greek cholḗ bile + stereós solid, stiff) + English -ol (chemical suffix).
(Onions) see choler
(American Heritage) cho·les·ter·ol n. A white, crystalline substance, C27H45OH, found in animal tissues and various foods, that is normally synthesized by the liver and is important as a constituent of cell membranes and a precursor to steroid hormones. Its level in the bloodstream can influence the pathogenesis of certain conditions, such as the development of atherosclerotic plaque and coronary artery disease. [Chole- + Greek stereos, solid; see ster-1in Appendix + -OL1 (so called because it was first found in gallstones).]
(OED) cholesterol
origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item.
etymon: cholesterin n.
etymology: Alteration (with suffix substitution: see -ol suffix) of cholesterin n. Compare German Cholesterol (1894; < English); the usual German name is Cholesterincholesterin n.
- Chemistry. A steroid alcohol that is a major constituent of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes in humans and other vertebrates, and which serves other important cellular and metabolic functions, esp. as a precursor of other steroid compounds. Also called cholesterin n.
- The level of cholesterol in the blood.
(Online Etymology) cholesterol (n.) white, solid substance present in body tissues, 1894, earlier cholesterin, from French cholestrine (Chevreul, 1827), from Latinized form of Greek khole "bile" (from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall") + steros "solid, stiff" (from PIE root *ster- (1) "stiff"). So called because originally found in gallstones (Conradi, 1775). The name was changed to the modern form (with chemical suffix -ol, denoting an alcohol) after the compound was discovered to be a secondary alcohol.
cholesterol -கலைச்சொற்கள்
decholesterolization கொழுத்தம்-நீக்கம்
cholesterol கொழுத்தம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
Cholesterol கொழுப்பினி
-கலைச்சொல் அகராதி
total cholesterol மொத்தக் கொலஸ்டிரால்
high density cholesterol உயர் அடர்த்திக் கொழுப்பு
cholesterol கொழுப்பு
cholesterol கொலெஸ்டிரால், கொழுப்பு
blood cholesterol இரத்த கொலஸ்டிரால்
cholesterol கொழுப்பிணி
serum cholesterol ஊனீர்க் கொழுப்பு
dietary cholesterol திட்டஉணவுக் கொழுப்பு
cholesterol குருதிக் கொழுப்பு
cholesterol stone கொழுப்புக் கல்
blood cholesterol இரத்தக் கொழுப்பு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Cholesterol கொலெஸ்டிரால் கொழுப்பு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
CHOLINERGIC
cho·lin·er·gic adj. 1. Activated by or capable of liberating acetylcholine, especially as related to nerve fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system. 2. Having physiological effects similar to acetylcholine: a cholinergic agent or drug. [(Acetyl)Cholin(e) + Greek ergon, work; see werg- in Appendix.]
(OED) cholinergic
etymology: < choline n. + Greek ἔργον work + -ic suffix.
Of the synapses or nerve-fibres: liberating acetylcholine; also, stimulated by acetylcholine.
(Online Etymology) Cholinergic (adj.) 1934, from choline, name of a basic substance abundant in bile (coined in German, 1862, from Greek khole "bile;" see cholera) + Greek ergon "work" (from PIE root *werg- "to do") + -ic.
CLORIS
(Online Etymology) Cloris fem. proper name, from Chloris, Latin form of Greek Khloris, goddess of flowers (later identified with Roman Flora), literally "greenness, freshness," poetic fem. of khlōros "greenish-yellow, pale green; fresh," related to khloē "young green shoot," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow."
GALL
(Skeat) Gall (1), bile, bitterness. (E.) M.E. galle; P. Plowman, B. xvi. 155. ̶ O. Northumb. galla, A.S. gealla; Matt. xxvii. 34. + Du. gal. + Icel. gall. + Swed. galla. + Dan. galde (with excrescent d). + G. galle. + Lat. fel. + Gk. χολή. β. From the same root as Gk. χλωρόs, greenish, Lat. heluus, yellowish, and E. yellow and green; so that gall was named from its yellowish colour; Curtius, i. 250. See green, gold and yellow. Der. gall-bladder.
(Chambers) Gall1 n. bitter liquid secreted by the liver, bile. Probably before 1200 galle gall bladder, in Ancrene Riwle; later gall bile (1373); developed from Old English galla bile (Anglian dialect, before 830), gealla bile (West Saxon). Old English galla is cognate with Old Saxon and Old High German galla bile (modern German Galle), Middle Dutch galle (modern Dutch gal), and Old Icelandic gall, from Proto-Germanic *ӡallōn-; outside Germanic cognates are found in Latin fel (genitive fellis) bile (with dialectal f-), Greek cholḗ, chólos bile, anger, Lithuanian tulžìs with reversal of ž and t (compare their regular order in Latvian žults gall), Old Slavic zlŭčŭ, and Avestan zāra-, from Indo-European *ĝhel-/ĝhol-/ĝhl̥- (Pok.429). The informal meaning of impudence, boldness, is first recorded in American English in 1882, and developed from the figurative use of embittered spirit, asperity, rancor (recorded in English probably about 1200, possibly emerging by influence of that sense in Latin). —gall bladder (1676)
(John Ayto) gall Gall ‘bile’ [12], and by metaphorical extension ‘bitterness’ and ‘effrontery’, was borrowed from Old Norse gall. It gets its name ultimately from its colour, for its prehistoric Germanic ancestor *gallam or *gallon (which also produced German galle and Dutch gal) goes back to Indo-European *ghol-, *ghel-, which also gave English gold, jaundice, yellow, and yolk. The relationship of the two other English words gall (‘skin sore’ [14], whence the verbal use ‘exasperate’, and ‘plant swelling’ [14]) to gall ‘bile’ and to each other is not clear. The immediate source of ‘skin sore’ was Middle Low German galle ‘sore’, but ‘bile’ could easily have led via ‘astringent substance’ to ‘sore place’, and it may be that ultimately the Middle Low German word is connected with gall ‘bile’. Gall ‘plant swelling’ has been traced back via Old French galle to Latin galla ‘plant gall’, but some later descendants of this were used for ‘swelling on an animal’s leg’, further adding to theconfusion. ® Gold, Jaundice, Yellow, Yolk
(Onions) gall1; gɔ̄l bitterness. xii (Orm). ̶ ON. gall n., corr., with variety of gender, to OE. ġealla (surviving in early ME. ʒalle), OS. galla (Du. gal), OHG. galla (G. galle) :-CGerm. (exc. Gothic) *gallam, *gallon, -ōn, based on *gholno-, f. *ghol- *ghel-, which is repr. by Gr. kholḕ, khólos (see choleric), L. fel bile; cf. yellow.
(American Heritage) gall1 n. 1. See bile (n., sense 1). 2. a. Bitterness of feeling; rancor. b. Something bitter to endure: the gall of defeat. 3. Outrageous insolence; effrontery. see Synonyms at temerity. [Middle English, from Old English gealla, galla. see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gall
forms: Old English gealla, (ealla), Anglian galla, Middle English ȝalle, Middle English–1500s galle, Middle English gawle, Middle English gal, gale, 1500s–1600s gaule, 1600s–1700s gaul, 1600s gawl, 1500s–1800s Scottish gaw, Middle English– gall.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English gealla, weak masculine, agrees in meaning with Old Saxon galia (feminine), Middle Dutch galle (feminine), (Dutch gal feminine), Old High German galla (feminine), (Middle High German and German galle, feminine), and Old Norse gall strong neuter (but Swedish galle (masculine), galla (feminine), Danish galde com.) < Old Germanic types *gallom, gallon-, -ôn- < pre-Germanic *gholno-.
- Senses relating to bile or bitterness.
1.a. The secretion of the liver, bile. Now applied only (except in Compounds) to that of the lower animals, esp. to ox gall (see ox n.) as used in the arts. (From the earliest period often used, like Latin fel, French fiel, etc., as the type of an intensely bitter substance.)
- figurative. With reference to the bitterness of gall. to dip one's pen in gall, to write with virulence and rancour. Cf. quot. 1641 at sense 3a.
- In Biblical phrases.
2.a. The gall bladder and its contents.
†b. Short for ‘sickness of the gall’, a disease in cattle. Obsolete.
3.a. Bitterness of spirit, asperity, rancour (supposed to have its seat in the gall: see 1390 at sense 2a).
†b. Spirit to resent injury or insult. Obsolete.
†c. Hence, to break one's gall: in early use, to break the spirit, cow, subdue; in later slang (see quot. 1785). Obsolete.
- Assurance, impudence. Originally U.S. slang.
- In certain transferred uses.
†5. Poison, venom. Obsolete.
- gall of the earth [< Latin fel terrae, French fiel de terre]: a name given to the Lesser Centaury, from its bitterness: cf. earth-gall n. Also applied to other plants, esp. the North American plant Nabalusserpentaria (N. Fraseri), a species of rattlesnake-root.
- The scum of melted glass [French fiel de verre]: see glass-gall n. at glass n.1 Compounds 3.
(Online Etymology) gall (n.1) "bile, liver secretion," Old English galla (Anglian), gealla (West Saxon) "gall, bile," from Proto-Germanic *gallon "bile" (source also of Old Norse gall "gall, bile; sour drink," Old Saxon galle, Old High German galla, German Galle), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall." Informal sense of "impudence, boldness" first recorded American English 1882; but meaning "embittered spirit, rancor" is from c. 1200, from the old medicine theory of humors.
gall - கலைச்சொற்கள்
gall கரணை
crown gall நுனிக்காய்ப்பு
black gall nut கருங்கடுக்காய்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
weather-gall மழை வில், சிதைவு வானவில்.
wind-gall கதிரைக்காலடிக் குழைச்சு வீக்கம்.
stone-gall மணற் பாறைக் களிமண் திரள்.
nut-gall சாயப் பொருளாகப் பயன்படும் சீமை ஆல்வகையின் சுரணை.
oak-fig, oad-gall கருவாலி மரத்தினாற் செய்யப்பட்ட
ox-gall துப்புரவு செய்யவும் சாயமிடவும் மருந்து செய்யவும் பயன்படும் பிசின் வகை.
gall கல்லீரலின் சுரப்பு, கீழ்த்தர விலங்குகளின் பித்தநீர்
gall-duct பித்தநீர்க்குழாய்.
gall-fly மரவகையில் காழ்ப்பூட்டும் பூச்சிவகை.
gall-nut கசப்புக்காய்
gall-stone பித்தப்பையில் விளையும் கல்போன்ற கடும்பொருள்.
glass-gall கண்ணாடிக்கலம் கொள்ளும் அளவு.
crown-gall நுண்மங்களால் ஏற்படும் கட்டிபோன்ற தாவர நோய்வகை.
cup-gall மரவகையின் இலைகளில் கிண்ண வடிவமுள்ள புடைப்புக் கோளாறு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
gall bladder பித்தப் பை (பித்தநீர்ப் பை)
gall stones பித்தக் கற்கள்
cancer of the gall bladder பித்தப்பைப் புற்று
stone gall மணற்பாறைக் களிமண்
clay gall களி உப்பல்
gall bladder பித்தப்பை
galls கட்டிகள், நோய்க்கழலைகள்
crown gall தலைக்கரணை
wind gall நீர்ப்பிடிப்பு, வாதப்பிடிப்பு
gall வீக்கம், கொப்புளம்
gall sickness கடற்கரைக்காய்ச்சல்
gall stones பித்தக்கற்கள்
gall-duct பித்தநீர்க்குழாய்
seed gall விதை வீக்கம்
stem gall midge தண்டு முண்டுப் பூச்சி
root gall வேர் வீக்கம்
nematode gall நூற்புழு முடிச்சு
marginal gall thrips இலைசுருட்டுப் பேன்
gall பித்தம் (கரணை)
gall fly/gall midge ஆனைக்கொம்பன் ஈ
gall midge ஆனைக்கொம்பன்
gall nut மாசிக்காய்
gall stone பித்தக் கல்
crown gall tumour including plasmid உச்சிக் கரணை கழலையைச் சேர்ந்த பிளாஸ்மிடு
gall பித்தம்
gall duct பித்தக்குழாய்
gall stone பித்தக்கல்
gall stone colic பித்தக்கல் வலி
gall stone formation பித்தக்கற்கள் உருவாதல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GILD
(Skeat) Gild, to overlay with gold. (E.) M.E. gilden, Wyclif, Exod. The orig. idea is xxvi. 29. ̶ A.S. gyldan, to gild; only in the derivative ge-gyld, gilded,Wright’s Voc. i. 41, col. 2. The y is substituted, by vowel-change, for o, as appearing in A.S. gold, gold; cf. Goth. gulth, gold. Cf. Icel. gylla (for gylda), to gild. see gold. Der. gilt, contracted form of gild-ed; gild-er, gild-ing.
(Chambers) gild v. cover with a thin layer of gold or similar material; make golden. Probably before 1300 gilden, in Kyng Alisaunder; developed from Old English gyldan (especially in compounds, such as ofergyldan cover with gold); cognate with Old Icelandic gylla to gild, and Old High German -gulden in ubergulden cover with gold and derived from Proto-Germanic *ӡulthjanan, from *ӡulthan gold, the source of Old English gold gold.
(John Ayto) see Gold
(Onions) gild1 gild cover with gold. OE. gyldan (inpp. ġegyld gilt1 and comps. begyldan, ofergyldan) = ON. gylla :- Germ. *gulþjan, f. *gulþam gold.
(American Heritage) gild1 v. tr. gild·ed or gilt, gild·ing, gilds. 1. To cover with or as if with a thin layer of gold. 2. To give an often deceptively attractive or improved appearance to. 3. Archaic. To smear with blood. —idiom. gild the lily. 1. To adorn unnecessarily something already beautiful. 2. To make superfluous additions to what is already complete. [Middle English gilden, from Old English gyldan. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gild
inflections: Past tense and past participle gilt, gilded;
forms: 1. Present stem Old English gyldan (in prefixed forms), Middle English gilde, Middle English gylde, 1500s guylde, 1500s gyld, 1500s–1600s guyld, 1500s–1700s guild, 1500s– gild, 1600s gyld. 2. Past tense Middle English gildide, Middle English gilte, Middle English gyldyd, Middle English gyldyde, Middle English 1600s– gilt, 1600s guilt, 1600s 1900s– gilded. 3. Past participle.
α. Old English gegyld, Old English gild (in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Old English gilld (in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Old English gyld (in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Middle English guld (in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Middle English ygeld, Middle English yguld, Middle English ygyld, Middle English 1600s gilde, 1700s guild, 1700s–1800s gild.
β. early Middle English gilded (Ormulum, in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Middle English gildid, Middle English ygyllyd, Middle English– gilded, 1500s guylded, 1500s–1700s guilded.
γ. Middle English gylte (in prefixed forms (not ge-)), Middle English ygelt, Middle English ygilt, Middle English–1500s gilte, Middle English–1500s gylt, Middle English– gilt, 1500s guilte, 1600s–1700s guilt.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Icelandic gylla, Old Swedish, Swedish gylla, Old Danish gylle (Danish gylde) < the Germanic base of gold n.1 Compare overgild v. and the West Germanic forms cited at that entry.
1.a. transitive. To cover (something) with a thin layer of gold or (in later use sometimes) an imitation of this; (in early use esp.) to cover with gold leaf; to decorate (an object, room, etc.) with gilding.
- transitive. To cover (something) with a thin layer of (a specified) metal other than gold. Also intransitive.
- transitive. figurative. To adorn or embellish (something); to make (something) seem attractive, reputable, etc.; to give a specious brilliance or lustre to (actions, things, etc.), esp. by the use of grand or elegant language.
- figurative.
- transitive. To cover or tinge (something) with a golden colour or light, esp. sunlight.
†b. transitive. To adorn with a golden colour or appearance. Obsolete.
†4. transitive. Alchemy. To imbue (a liquid) with the properties of gold; to impregnate (a liquid) with gold. Also intransitive: to become impregnated with gold. Obsolete.
- to gild over.
- transitive. To cover (something) with gilding, so as to conceal defects. Chiefly figurative and in figurative contexts.
†b. transitive. figurative. To make (a person) drunk; cf. sense 8. Obsolete. rare.
- figurative.
- transitive. To provide (a person or thing) with gold, money, or wealth; to make (a person, quality, etc.) appear reputable or attractive, esp. through the possession of wealth. Now rare.
†b. transitive. Of gold or money: to make rich, wealthy, or opulent. Obsolete.
- transitive. figurative. To cover or smear with blood.
†8. transitive. figurative. Of liquor: to cause (the face) to become flushed or suffused with glowing colour; cf. sense 5b. Obsolete.
(Online Etymology) gild (v.) Old English gyldan "to gild, to cover with a thin layer of gold," from Proto-Germanic *gulthjan (source also of Old Norse gylla "to gild," Old High German ubergulden "to cover with gold"), verb from *gultham "gold" (see gold). Related: Gilded; gilding. Figuratively from 1590s.
gild -கலைச்சொற்கள்
gild மெல்லிய தங்கத்தகடிட்டுப் பொதி
gilded என்பதன் இறந்தகால முடிவெச்ச வடிவங்களுள் ஒன்று
double-gild இருமுறை தங்கமுலாம் பூசு, முப்ப்புகழ்ச்சி கூறு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
gild தங்கமுலாம் பூசு
gild பொது நோக்குக் குழு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLAD
(Skeat) glad, pleased, cheerful, happy. (E.) M.E. glad, Chaucer, C.T. 310; also gled, Ancren Riwle, p. 282. ̶ A.S. glœd, shining, bright, cheerful, glad; Grein, i. 512. + Du. glad, bright, smooth, sleek; O. Du. glad, glowing (Kilian). + Icel. glaðr, bright, glad. + Dan. glad, joyous. + Swed. glad, joyous. + G. glatt, smooth, even, polished. + Russ. gladkie, even, smooth, polished, spruce. β. According to Fick, iii. 112, the base is GAL, equivalent to Aryan GHAL or GHAR. The orig. sense was ‘shining;’ hence it is from √GHAR, to shine, Fick, i. 81; cf. Skt. ghri, to shine, gharma, heat; Gk. χλιαρόs, warm. See Glide, Glow. Der. glad-ly, glad-ness; also gladsome = M. E. gladsum, Wyclif, Psalm, ciii. 15, Chaucer, C. T. 14784; glad-some-ly, glad-some-ness; also gladd-en, in which the suffix -en is modern and due to analogy; cf. ‘gladeth himself’ = gladdens himself, Chaucer, C.T. 10923. And see below.
(Chambers) glad adj. Probably before 1200 glad joyful, merry, mild, gracious, pleased, in Layamon’s Chronicle of Britain; developed from Old English glæd bright, shining, joyous, glad (about 725, in Beowulf); cognate with Old Frisian gled smooth, Old Saxon glad- (in compounds such as gladmōdi joyous, happy), Old High German glat shining, Middle High German gelat, glat shining, smooth, slippery (modern German glatt smooth), Middle and modern Dutch glad smooth, and Old Icelandic gladhr bright, glad, from Proto-Germanic *ӡlađaz; also cognate with Latin glaber (glabra, glabrum) smooth, bald, Lithuanian glodùs smooth, and Old Slavic gladŭkŭ even, polished, from Indo-European *ghlādh-/ghlədh- shining, smooth (Pok.431).
The modern sense of pleased or satisfied, also found in Middle English, generally represents a weakening of the original meaning.
—gladden v. Before 1400 gladenen to rejoice, make glad; formed from earlier gladen make glad (probably before 1200; developed from Old English, about 950, gladian be glad, make glad) + -en¹.
(John Ayto) glad [OE] The original meaning of Old English glæd was ‘bright, shining’. It went back to aprehistoric Germanic *glathaz, which was related to Latin glaber ‘smooth, bald’ (source of English glabrous [17] and Old Slavic gladuku ‘smooth’). ‘Happy’ is a secondary semantic development, which evidently took place before the various Germanic dialects went their own way, for it is shared by Swedish and Danish glad (the sense ‘smooth’, also an extension of ‘bright, shining’, is preserved in German glatt). ® glabrous
(Onions) glad glæd †shining, bright; †cheerful, merry; full of joy; rejoicing OE.; suggestive of joy xvii. OE. glæd = OS. glad (in comp. gladmōd), ON. glaðr bright, joyous. The orig. sense survives in OHG. glat (G. glatt) smooth; Germ. *glaðaz is rel. to OS1. gladŭkŭ, L. glaber (:-*ghladhro-) smooth, glabrous. Hence gla·dsome1. xiv (Ch.). ¶ Words with initial gl having ‘shining, bright’ as the basic sense are: glade, glare, glass, gleam, gleed, glim, glimmer, glimpse, glint, glister, glitter, gloaming, glow, glower.
(American Heritage) glad1adj. glad·der, glad·dest. 1. a. Experiencing or exhibiting joy and pleasure. b. Appreciative: was glad of the fire’s warmth. 2. Providing joy and pleasure: a glad occasion. 3. Very willing; pleased: glad to help. 4. Bright and cheerful: a glad May morning. 5. Archaic. Having a naturally cheerful disposition. — v. tr. intr. glad·ded, glad·ding, glads. Archaic. To gladden. [Middle English, from Old English glad. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) glad
forms: Old English, Middle English glæd, Middle English gled, glead, glað, Middle English gladd(e, Middle English glade, (Middle English glaad), Middle English–1500s Scottish glaid, Middle English– glad.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English glæd = Old Saxon glad (only in combination glad-môd), Old Norse glaðr (Swedish glad, Danish glad), bright, joyous. The original sense of the word is apparently found in Old High German glat smooth, and is retained in German glatt, Dutch glad, glat (Middle Dutch also gelad, gelat), Frisian gled (also Danish glat, Swedish glatt, < German). The Germanic type *glađo- is cognate with Old Church Slavonic gladŭkŭ (Russian gladkij) and Latin glaber smooth ( < *ghladhro-; compare ruber, uber with red, udder).
†1. Bright, shining, beautiful. Cf. sense 5. Obsolete.
2.a. Of persons: †cheerful, joyous, or merry in disposition (obsolete); joyful, happy (archaic). †to make glad: = ‘to make merry’.
†b. Borne with cheerfulness. Obsolete. [Compare Latin laetapaupertas.]
†c. glad with adj. Obsolete pleasant, kindly, affable to (a person).
- Fashionable, fancy. Cf. sense 4f. U.S. slang.
- Rejoiced, affected with pleasure by some particular cause; = fain adj. Now only predicative.
- simply. (With the cause indicated contextually).
- with prep. glad of: †(a) made happy or joyful, delighted or pleased with (an object possessed) (obsolete); (b) = ‘glad to have or get’ (see 3d); (c) joyful on account of, delighted or pleased by (an event, a state of things). Also const. at (an event, usually one affecting another person, esp. unfavourably), for (archaic), †in, †with.
- With clause as complement: glad that, etc. In later usage chiefly with omission of that.
- With infinitive: Happy, delighted, pleased to (do, be, etc.); also, well content to (do, have, etc. something in default of better). In modern use frequently in the phrases I am glad to hear, see (etc.); also, I should be glad to (hear, know, etc.) with sarcastic force.
4.a. Of feelings, looks, actions, etc.: Filled with, marked by, or expressive of joy or delight.
- Of tidings, news, etc.: full of, or bringing, joy.
†c. Welcome, acceptable. Obsolete. rare.
- the glad eye: a look or movement of the eyes designed to attract a person of the opposite sex; hence glad-eye v. transitive to give (someone) the glad eye. colloquial.
- glad hand (frequently used somewhat ironically): (the) hand of welcome; a cordial handshake or greeting; a welcome; esp. in to give (someone) the glad hand; also attributive; hence glad-hand v. transitive to greet cordially, to welcome, to please; also intransitive. glad-handed adj. glad-hander n. one who gives people the glad hand; one who acts cordially towards everybody. glad-handing n. and adj. colloquial (originally U.S.).
- glad rags (occasionally glad clothes): (one's) best clothes; very smart or fancy clothes; spec. formal evening dress. colloquial (originally U.S.).
5.a. Of inanimate nature or its conditions: full of brightness or beauty; suggesting feelings of cheerfulness and delight.
†b. Fertile, flourishing (= Latin lætus). Obsolete. rare.
- dialect. (See quots.)
- quasi-adv.= gladly adv. poetic
(Online Etymology) glad (adj.) Old English glæd "bright, shining, gleaming; joyous; pleasant, gracious" (also as a noun, "joy, gladness"), from Proto-Germanic *gladaz (source also of Old Norse glaðr "smooth, bright, glad," Danish glad "glad, joyful," Old Saxon gladmod, in which the element means "glad," Old Frisian gled "smooth," Dutch glad "slippery," German glatt "smooth"), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Apparently the notion is of being radiant with joy; the modern sense "feeling pleasure or satisfaction" is much weakened. Slang glad rags "one's best clothes" first recorded 1902.
GLANCE
(Skeat) Glance, a swift dart of light, a glimpse, hasty look. (Scand.) Not in early use. Spencer has glaunce as a verb: ‘The glauncing sparkles through her bever glared;’ F. Q. v. 6. 38. It occurs often in Shak., both as vb. and sb.; Two Gent. i. 1. 4; Mids. Nt. Dr. v. 13. Either borrowed from O. Dutch, or of Scand. origin; it is better to take it as the latter, since the Swedish and Danish account for it more completely. Also note that the sb. is older than the verb, contrary to what might (at first) be expected. ̶ Swed. glans, lustre, gloss, brightness, splendour; O. Swed. glans, splendour; whence the derived verb glänsa, to shine. + Dan. glands, lustre, brightness, splendour, gloss; whence the verb glandse, to gloss, glaze. + Du. glans, lustre, brightness, splendour, gloss; whence glanzen, to put a gloss upon. + G. glanz, splendor; whence glänzen, to glitter. β. But this sb. glans is formed from an older verb, preserved in Dan. glindse, to shine, and in the Swed. dial. glinta, glänta, to slip, slide, glance aside (as when we speak of an arrow glancing against a tree); Rietz. Rietz makes the important and interesting remark, that Grimm (Gramm. iii. 59) supposes the existence of a strong verb glintan, to shine, with a pt. t. glant, and pp. gluntun, ‘which is precisely the very form which survives among us [Swedes] still’ γ. It is further evident that glint is a nasalised form from the Teutonic base glit, to shine, glance (Fick, iii. 112); whence Icel. glit, a glitter, glita, glitra, to glitter, Goth. glit-munjan, to shine, glitter; also (with inserted n), Swed. dial. glinta, M.E. glinten; we may also compare Du. glinster, a glittering, glinsteren, to glitter. see glint, glitter, glisten, glass, and glow.
(Chambers) glance v. 1441 glawncen to glide off at a slant as a weapon does, probably variant of earlier glacen to graze, strike a glancing blow (about 1300); borrowed from Old French glacer, glacier to slip, make slippery, from glace ice; see glacier. The meaning of look quickly, if not the original sense of the word, was probably further influenced by glenten look askance (about 1250), and by Old French gancir, gaunchir turn aside, swerve, dodge; see glint. Interestingly though, glance with the meaning of look quickly is not recorded until 1583. —n. 1503, swift movement or impact usually producing a gleam of light, from the verb, probably also influenced by glente, n., a glimpse, look, glance (before 1338, found in earlier place name Glentheim, about 1115). The meaning of a brief or hurried look is first recorded in 1591.
(John Ayto) glance [15] ‘Touch or deflect lightly’, as in ‘glance off something’ and a ‘glancing blow’, is the primary meaning of glance; ‘look briefly’did not develop until the 16th century. The word may have originated as an alteration of theMiddle English verb glacen ‘glide, slide’ (probably under the influence of Middle English glenten, the ancestor of modern English glint). Glacen was borrowed from Old French glacier ‘slide’, a derivative of glace ‘ice’ (from which English also gets glacier). ® glacier
(Onions) glance gláns glide off an object struck; †move rapidly xv; make a flash of light; flash a look xvi. The earliest forms glench, glence, glanch suggest an alteration of †glace(xiv) glance, glide (- OF. glacier; see glacis) by crossing with synon. †glent (xiii) and lanch, launch1. Hence glance sb. Swift oblique movement; flash, gleam; hurried look. xvi. ¶ Perh. orig. two words.
(American Heritage) glance2 n. Any of various minerals that have a brilliant luster: silver glance. [German Glanz, from Middle High German glanz, from Old High German, bright. see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glance
forms: Middle English glench, glens, gla(u)nche, Middle English–1500s glence, 1500s gla(u)nse, glawnse, Scottish glanss, 1500s–1600s glaunce, 1500s– glance.
origin: Of unknown origin.
etymology: Of obscure origin. As the earliest sense is the same with that of glace v., it seems possible that the word may be a nasalized form of Old French glaichier to slip, slide, perhaps influenced by Old French guenchir ,guencir to turn aside, or by glent v.
1.a. intransitive. Of a weapon: To glide off an object struck, without delivering the full effect of the blow. Alsoto glance aside, off. to glance on: to strike obliquely upon and turn aside.
†b. To pass by without touching.
†2. To move rapidly, esp. in an oblique or transverse direction; to dart, shoot; to spring aside.
- With reference to discourse: To pass quickly over, glide from, off (a subject). to glance at (upon, †against): to allude or refer to obliquely or in passing, usually by way of censure or satire; to hit at, reflect upon.
- To cause a flash of light by rapid movement; †Scottish to shine. Of light: To dart, flash, gleam.
- Of the eye: To move quickly, to cast a momentary look, to flash. Also said of the person looking; esp. to glance at, to give a brief look at; to glance over, to look quickly over, to read hurriedly (also to glance through); and with various prepositions and adverbs, as to glance down, up, etc.
- transitive.
- to glance one's eye, look: †(a) to turn aside one's gaze as when dazzled (cf. sense 2); (b) to give a quick or momentary look; also, to look quickly at or upon an object.
- To survey with a glance; to catch a glimpse of.
- To express or convey with a glance (of the eye).
†7. To touch obliquely; to graze, barely touch; figurative to glance at, allude to. Obsolete.
8.a. To direct obliquely. literal and figurative.
- To emit with a flash or gleam. to glance back: to flash back, reflect.
- Cricket. To deflect (the ball) with the glance-stroke (see glance n.1 1b). Alsoabsol., and with the bowler as object.
(Online Etymology) glance (v.) mid-15c., of weapons, "strike obliquely without giving full impact," a nasalized form of glacen "to graze, strike a glancing blow" (c. 1300), from Old French glacier "to slip, make slippery" (compare Old French glaciere "part of a knight's armor meant to deflect blows"), from glace "ice" (see glacial). Sense of "look quickly" (first recorded 1580s) probably was by influence of Middle English glenten "look askance" (see glint (v.)), which also could account for the -n-. Related: Glanced; glancing.
glance (n.) c. 1500, "a sudden movement producing a flash," from glance (v.). Meaning "brief or hurried look" is from 1590s.
glance -கலைச்சொற்கள்
glance மேலோட்டப் பார்வை
copper glance செம்பொளிரி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி 2002
side-glance ஒசிந்த நோக்கு, கடைக்கணோக்கு, ஓரக்காட்சி
glance கண்ணோட்டம், நொடி நேரப் பார்வை
glance-caol அனல்மலி நிலக்கரி வகை
copper-glance செம்புக் கந்தகை வகை
-ஆங்கிலம் – தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010
current glance நடப்பு மேலோட்டப் பார்வை
glance pitch கரும் பிச்சுக்கட்டி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
as`pect தோற்றம்
-வெற்றி அகராதி - 1995
GLARE
(Skeat) glare, to shine brightly, to stare with piercing sight. (E.) M.E. glaren. ‘Swiche glaring eyen hadde he, as an hare;’ Chaucer, C. Τ. 686 (or 684). ‘It is not al gold that glareth;’ id. House of Fame, i. 272. ‘Thet gold thet is bricht and glareth;’ Kentish Sermons, in An Old Eng. Miscellany, ed. Morris, p. 27, 1. 31. Probably a true E. word; cf. A.S. glœr, a pellucid substance, amber (Bosworth, Leo). + Du. gloren, to glimmer. + Icel. glόra, to gleam, glare like a cat’s eyes. + M. H. G. glosen, to shine, glow. β. The r stands for an older s, as shewn by the M.H.G. form. Hence glare is closely connected with Glass, q.v. Der. glar-ing-ly, glar-ing-ness.
(Chambers) glare1 v. give too great brightness and showiness. About 1275 glaren to shine with a brilliant light; borrowed perhaps from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German glaren to gleam, related to glas GLASS. The meaning of to stare fiercely, is first recorded in the general prologue to Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (about 1387-95). —n. Probably before 1400 glayre strong, bright light; later, a fierce look (in Milton’s Paradise Lost, 1667); from the verb. —glaring adj. 1387-95, from glare, v.; later, conspicuous (1706).
(John Ayto) see Glass
(Onions) glare glεәɹ †shine with dazzling light xiii; look fixedly and fiercely xvii. ̶ MLG., MDu. glaren gleam, glare, prob. ult. rel. to glass.
(American Heritage) glare1v. glared, glar·ing, glares. — v. intr. 1. To stare fixedly and angrily. See Synonyms at gaze. 2. To shine intensely and blindingly: A hot sun glared down on the desert. 3. To be conspicuous; stand out obtrusively: The headline glared from the page. — v. tr. To express by staring angrily: He glared his disapproval. — n. 1. A fierce or angry stare. 2. a. An intense, blinding light. See Synonyms at blaze1. b. Garish or showy brilliance; gaudiness. [Middle English glaren, to glitter; akin to Middle Low German glaren, to glisten. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(Online Etymology) glare (v.) late 13c., "to shine brightly," from or related to Middle Dutch, Middle Low German glaren "to gleam," from Proto-Germanic *glaz-, from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Sense of "stare fiercely" is from late 14c. Related: Glared; glaring.
glare (n.) c. 1400, "bright light, dazzling glitter," from glare (v.); especially in reference to light reflected off some surface (17c.). From 1660s in sense of "fierce look." Old English glær (n.) meant "amber."
glare - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glare கூசொளி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி – (2002)
glare கடுவெயில் வெக்கை, படரொளி வெப்பு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம்(2010)
veiling glare மென் கூசல்
glare filter கூசுதல் நீக்கி
glare ice கண்கூசும் பனிப்பரப்பு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GLASS
(Skeat) Glass, a well-known hard, brittle, transparent substance. (E.) Named from its transparency. M.E. glas, Chaucer, C. T. 198. ̶ A.S. glœs, glass; Grein, i. 513. + Du. glas. + Dan. glas, glar. + Swed. glas; O. Swed. glas, glœr (Ihre). + Icel. gler, sometimes glas. + G. glas, O. H. G. clas. β. One of the numerous derivatives of the old European base GAL, to shine (Fick, iii. 103). ̶ √GHAR, to shine; cf. Skt. ghri, to shine; gharma, warmth. see glow. Der. glass-blow-er, glass-wort, glass-y, glass-i-ness; also glaze=M. E. glasen, P. Plowman, B. iii. 49, 61; whence glaz-ing, glaz-i-er (= glaz-er, like bow-y-er, law-y-er =bow-er, law-er).
(Chambers) glass n. Probably about 1225 glas; earlier gles (probably before 1200, in Ancrene Riwle); found in Old English (about 750) glæs; ultimately derived from Proto-Germanic *ӡlása-n, from the base *ӡla-, variant of *ӡlē- to shine (compare Old Frisian gles glass, Old Saxon, Middle Low German, Middle High German, Middle Dutch, and modern Dutch glas, modern German Glas, Old High German glas amber, and Old Icelandic gler glass, which is cognate with Old English glǣr amber), from Indo-European *ĝhlēs-/ĝhlǝs- (Pok.432). The meaning of a drinking glass is recorded probably before 1200. —v. cover or protect with glass. 1577; earlier, to fit or provide with glass, especially with glass windows (1369, in Chaucer's Book of the Duchesse); from the noun. —glassware n. (1745, in Defoe’s writings) —glassy adj. Before 1398 glasy, in Trevisa’s translation of Bartholomew’s De Proprietatibus Rerum; formed from Middle English glas glass, n. + -y¹.
(John Ayto) glass [OE] The making of glass goes back to ancient Egyptian times, and so most of the words for it in the various Indo-European languages are of considerable antiquity. In those days, it was far easier to make coloured glass than the familiar clear glass of today. In particular, Roman glass was standardly bluish-green, and many words for ‘glass’ originated in colour terms signifying ‘blue’ or ‘green’. In the case of glass, its distant ancestor was Indo-European *gel- or *ghel-, which produced a host of colour adjectives ranging in application from ‘grey’through ‘blue’ and ‘green’ to ‘yellow’. Among its descendants was West Germanic *glasam, which gave German, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish glas and English glass. A secondary semantic development of the word’s base, glass being a shiny substance, was ‘shine, gleam’; this probably lies behind English glare [13], whose primary sense is ‘shine dazzlingly’ (the change of s to r is a well-known phonetic phenomenon, termed ‘rhoticization’). Irish gloine ‘glass’ also comes from Indo-European *g(h)el-, and French verre and Italian vetro ‘glass’ go back to Latin vitrum ‘glass’ (source of English vitreous), which also meant ‘woad’, a plant which gives a blue dye.
The use of the plural glasses for ‘spectacles’ dates from the mid-17th century. The verb glaze[14] is an English derivative of glass. ® Glaze
(Onions) glass glás OE. glæs = OS.glas,gles, OHG., G. glas :- WGerm. *gla·sam, of which a var. *glaza·m is repr. by ON. gler glass; prob. rel. to OE. glǣr, MLG. glār amber, repr. the Germ. word adopted in L. as glēsum, glǣsum (Tacitus, Pliny).
(American Heritage) glass n. 1. Any of a large class of materials with highly variable mechanical and optical properties that solidify from the molten state without crystallization, are typically made by silicates fusing with boric oxide, aluminum oxide, or phosphorus pentoxide, are generally hard, brittle, and transparent or translucent, and are considered to be supercooled liquids rather than true solids. 2. Something usually made of glass, especially: a. A drinking vessel. b. A mirror. c. A barometer. d. A window or windowpane. 3. a. glasses. A pair of lenses mounted in a light frame, used to correct faulty vision or protect the eyes. b. Often glasses. A binocular or field glass. c. A device, such as a monocle or spyglass, containing a lens or lenses and used as an aid to vision. 4. The quantity contained by a drinking vessel; a glassful. 5. Objects made of glass; glassware. — v. glassed, glass·ing, glass·es. — v. tr. 1. a. To enclose or encase with glass. b. To put into a glass container. c. To provide with glass or glass parts. 2. To make glassy; glaze. 3. a. To see reflected, as in a mirror. b. To reflect. 4. To scan (a tract of land or forest, for example) with an optical instrument. — v. intr. 1. To become glassy. 2. To use an optical instrument, as in looking for game. [Middle English glas, from Old English glas. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glass
forms: Old English, Middle English glæs, Middle English gles(e, Middle English–1600s glas, (Middle English glase), glasse, (Middle English glaas, glasce, 1500s glace, glasshe, 1800s Scottish glaas), 1500s– glass.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English glæs strong neuter (? erroneous masculine in Bæda's Eccl. Hist. v. v.) = Old Saxon glas, gles (Dutch glas), Old High German glas (Middle High German and modern German glas) < Germanic *glásom; a variant with consonant-ablaut, glazóm, is represented by Old Norse gler, Danish, Middle Swedish glar; the modern Scandinavian languages have glas from German (already in Middle Swedish and Middle Danish).
- As a substance.
- A substance, in its ordinary forms transparent, lustrous, hard, and brittle, produced by fusing sand (silica) with soda or potash (or both), usually with the addition of one or more other ingredients, esp. lime, alumina, lead oxide.
- Applied in a wider sense to various other substances, artificial and natural, which have similar properties or analogous chemical composition.
3.a. The substance considered as made into articles of use or ornament (for which see II.). Hence as collective singular: things made of glass: e.g. vessels or ornaments of glass, window-panes or lights.
- esp. as used in horticulture for greenhouses, frames. etc. Hence: greenhouses, etc., collectively.
- Something made of glass.
4.a. A glass vessel or receptacle. Also, the contents of the vessel.
- = musical glasses n.
- 5. spec. A drinking-vessel made of glass; hence, the liquor contained, and (figurative) drink.
6.a. A sand-glass (sand-glass n.) for the measurement of time; esp. an hourglass (hourglass n.), and (Nautical) the half-hour glass, the half-minute and quarter-minute glasses. to flog the glass: see flog v. 1d.
- The time taken by the sand of such a glass to run out. Nautical. Usually said of the half-hour glass; (hence) a glass: = half an hour.
- figurative.
- A pane of glass, esp. the window of a coach, etc.; the plate of glass covering a picture; a glazed frame or case (e.g. for the protection of plants).
8.a. A glass mirror, a looking-glass.
†b. Applied to a mirror of other material.
- c. poetic. Applied to water as a mirror.
- figurative.
- A magic mirror, a crystal, etc., used in magic art. Alsoglass of skill.
9.a. A piece of glass shaped for a special purpose, e.g. one of the glasses of a pair of spectacles, a lens, a watch-glass.
- A burning-glass.
- An optical instrument used as an aid to sight.
- gen.
- A telescope or other instrument for distant vision. More explicitly spyglass n., field glass n., opera glass n., etc.
- A microscope. More explicitly magnifying glass (see magnifying adj. Compounds).
- An eyeglass (eyeglass n.); (also in plural) spectacles.
†11. transferred. The eyeball, the eye. poetic.
12.a. A weather-glass (weather-glass n.), a barometer.
- A thermometer.
†III. In the sense of gloss.
- [Perhaps another word; compare glass v., glaze v.1] = gloss n.2 1a, 1b.
(Online Etymology) glass (n.) Old English glæs "glass; a glass vessel," from Proto-Germanic *glasam "glass" (source also of Old Saxon glas, Middle Dutch and Dutch glas, German Glas, Old Norse gler "glass, looking glass," Danish glar), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting bright colors or materials. The PIE root also is the ancestor of widespread words for gray, blue, green, and yellow, such as Old English glær "amber," Latin glaesum "amber" (which might be from Germanic), Old Irish glass "green, blue, gray," Welsh glas "blue."
glass -கலைச்சொற்கள்
glass கண்ணாடி
eye glass கண்-ஆடி
dark glasses கருங்கண்ணாடிகள்
celular glass கண்ணறைக் கண்ணாடி
coloured glass வண்ணாடி
cooling glass தண்ணாடி
cover glass மூடாடி
cover slip (காண்க: cover glass)
crystal glass படிகக்கண்ணாடி
cupping glass சூட்டுக் கலயம்
bell - glass (கான்க: bell jar)
bottle glass புட்டிலாடி
burning glass எரியாடி
actinic glass ஒளித்தாக்காடி
antiquary தொல்பொருள் ஆய்வாளர்
anti-social behavior குமுக எதிர்ப்பு நடத்தை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
safety glass காப்புக் கண்ணாடி
glass plate கண்ணாடிப் பலகை
glass insulator கண்ணாடிக் காப்பி
glass slide கண்ணாடிச் சறுக்கி
ground glass தேய்த்த கண்ணாடி
fibre glass நார்க் கண்ணாடி
alabaster glass பளிங்குக் கண்ணாடி
amber glass ஆம்பர் கண்ணாடி
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
vita glass அப்பால் ஊதாக்கண்ணாடி
water-glass நீரடிக்காட்சிக் குழற்கண்ணாடி.
weather-glass காற்றழுத்தமானி, காலவானிலைமானி.
test-glass (வேதி) ஆய்வு நீர்க்கலம்
safety-glass பொறிவண்டிகளில் நொறுங்கிவிடாத தடை காப்பமைவுடை கண்ணாடி.
sand-glass மணல் நாழிகை வட்டில்.
storm-glass புயலாடி, வானிலைப்பொறி.
rain-glass வளி அழுத்தமானி.
pier-glass நீண்டுயர்ந்த பெரிய நிலைக்கண்ணாடி
night-glass கடலின்கண் இரவிற் பயன்படுத்தும் குறுகிய தொலைநோக்கி
object-glass பொருள்விலை
opera-glass இசைநாடகங்களில்
murrhine glass அரிய நுண்மணிக் கற்கூறுகளுருவான நயமிக்க கண்ணாடிக் கலங்கள்
lace-glass சரிகை வேலைசெய்யும் பெண்ணின் மடிமீது வைக்கப்படும் அடித்திண்டு.
liquer-glass கடுந்தேறல் குடிக்கப் பயன்படும் மிகச் சிறு குவளை.
looking-glass முகக்கண்ணாடி
hand-glass செடிகளின் பாதுகாப்புக்கான கண்ணாடிச் சட்டம்
hour-glass மணல் நாழிகை வட்டில்
garden-glass செடிகளைக் கவித்து மூடுவதற்கான மணி வடிவக் கண்ணாடி மூடி
glass மணிஉரு அமைப்பற்ற பாறை வகை, மணிஉரு அமைப்பற்ற பாறைத்துண்டு
glass-blower கண்ணாடிப்பொருள்களை உருகுநிலையில் ஊதி உருவாக்குபவர்.
glass-blowing ஊதிக் கண்ணாடிப்பொருள்களை உருவாக்கும் முறை.
glass-case கண்ணாடி மூடுகாப்புப் பேழை
glass-cloth கண்ணாடிகளைத் துடைத்து உலர்த்துவதற்கான துணி
glass-crab பளிங்கய நத்தையின் முட்டைப்புழு வகை
glass-culture கண்ணாடிக்காப்பு மூடிகளில் செடியினம் பேணி வளர்க்கும் முறை
glass-cutting கண்ணாடித்தகடுகளை வெட்டுவதற்கான கருவி
glass-eye கண்ணாடிச் செயற்கைக் கண்
glass-gall கண்ணாடிக்கலம் கொள்ளும் அளவு
glass-house கண்ணாடித்தொழிற்சாலை
glass-man கண்ணாடி செய்பவர், கண்ணாடி விற்பவர்
glass-painting கண்ணாடியின்மேல் படங்கள் எழுதும் கலை
glass-paper கண்ணாடித்தூள் தூவப்பட்ட தாள்.
glass-snake எளிதில் ஒடிந்துவிடும் வால் உடைய கால் அற்ற தென் அமெரிக்க பல்லிவகை.
fibre-glass கண்ணாடி நுண்ணிழையாலான இழைமப் பொருள்.
Fibre-glass products நாரிழை - ஆடி தயாரிப்புப் பொருள்கள்
field-glass வெளியே கொண்டு செல்லத்தக்க தொவைநோக்காடி.
flint-glass முன்பு சக்கிமுக்கிக் கல்லினாற் செய்யப்பட்ட பளபளப்பான கண்ணாடிக்கலம்.
egg-glass முட்டைகள் வேகும் நேரத்தைக் கணக்கிடும் சிறு மணல்வட்டில்.
eye-glass மங்கல் பார்வையாளர் பார்க்கப் பயன்படுத்தும் கண்ணாடிவில்லை, மூக்குக்கணணாடி.
dock-glass இன்தேறல் சுவைக்கப் பயன்படுத்தப்பெறும் பெரிய கண்ணாடிக்கோப்பபை.
cheval-glass செங்குத்தாய் நிற்கும் சட்டங்களில் தங்கி ஊசலாடும் உயரமான நிலைக்கண்ணாடி.
cover-glass உருப்பெருக்கிக் கண்ணாடியின்கீழ் பொருள் மீது வைக்கப்படும் மெல்லிய கண்ணாடிச் சில்லு.
crown-glass வட்டச் சில்லுகளாக உள்ள பலகணிக் கண்ணாடி.
cupping-glass குருதி உறிஞ்சு கருவி, காற்று நீக்கப்பட்ட கண்ணாடிக்குமிழ் மூலம் குருதி உறிஞ்சும் அமைவு.
cut-glass சக்கிமுக்கிக் கல்லை அரைத்து உருவாக்கப்பட்ட கண்ணாடிக்கலம்.
bell-glass செடிகளை மூடி வைப்பதற்கான மணிவடிவக் கண்ணாடிக்கலம்.
broad-glass பலகணிக்கண்ணாடி.
burning-glass பகலவன் ஒளிர்க்கதிர்களை ஒருமுகப் படுத்தி அனல் உண்டாக்கும் கண்ணாடிக் குவிமுக வில்லை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
sand glass மணல் வட்டில்
quartz glass கல்மக் கண்ணாடி
object glass பொருள் கண்ணாடி
glass blowing கண்ணாடி ஊதுதல்
glass capacitor கண்ணாடிக் கொண்மி
glass electrode கண்ணாடி மின்வாய்
glass fission detector கண்ணாடிப் பிளவு காணி
glass prism கண்ணாடிப் பட்டகம்
glass resistor கண்ணாடித் தடையி
glass rod கண்ணாடிக் கோல்
glass slab கண்ணாடிப் பலகம்
glass state கண்ணாடி நிலை
glass thermometer கண்ணாடி வெப்பநிலைமானி
hour glass காலக் குடுவை
fibre glass இழைக் கண்ணாடி
flint glass தீக்கல் கண்ணாடி
doped glass மாசிட்ட கண்ணாடி
scintered glass crucible பொருக்குடை கண்ணாடி மூசை
soft glass மென்கண்ணாடி
glass transition temperature கண்ணாடி மாறுவெப்பநிலை
glass wool கண்ணாடி இழைகள்
hard glass எளிதில் இளகாக் கண்ணாடி
magnifying glass உருப்பெருக்கு கண்ணாடி
storm glass வானிலைக் கடிகை
rhyoltic glass அனற்பாறைக் கண்ணாடி
glass sands பளிங்குமணல்
glass wool பளிங்குக் கம்பளியிழை
dacite glass எரிமலைப்பாறைக் கண்ணாடி
soda-lime glass உவர்க்காரச் சுண்ணாம்புக் கண்ணாடி
soft glass மென் கண்ணாடி
sol-gel glass குழைமக்கரிக் கண்ணாடி
spin glass தற்சுழற்சிக் கண்ணாடி
spun glass முறுக்கக் கண்ணாடி இழை
stained glass வண்ணக் கண்ணாடி
structural glass கட்டமைப்புக் கண்ணாடி
tempered glass செம்பதக் கண்ணாடி
uviol glass புறஊதா ஊடுருவும் கண்ணாடி
wire glass கம்பிக்கண்ணாடித் தகடு
wood’s glass உட் கண்ணாடி
s glass மிகுவலிமைக் கண்ணாடி
shade glass ஒளி ஒதுக்கக் கண்ணாடி
sight glass காட்சிக் கண்ணாடி
silica glass சிலிகா கண்ணாடி
sintered glass பொருக்குடை கண்ணாடி
reducing glass குறைப்புக் கண்ணாடி
register glass பதிவுக்கண்ணாடி
repeater glass மீள்நிகழ்விக் கண்ணாடி
reticulated glass mation குறுக்கு வரிக் கண்ணாடி
rhyoltic glass தீப்பாறை கண்ணாடி
rolled glass உருட்டு கண்ணாடி
ruby glass மாணிக்கக் கண்ணாடி
phosphate glass பாஸ்பேட் கண்ணாடி
photochromic glass ஒளிசார் வண்ணக் கண்ணாடி
photosensitive glass ஒளிஉணர்மை கண்ணாடி
pick glass உருப்பெருக்குக் கண்ணாடி
plate glass சமதளக் கண்ணாடி
pressed glass அழுத்துக் கண்ணாடி
object glass பொருளருகு ஆடி
obscure glass தெளிவற்ற கண்ணாடி
opal glass கோமேதகக் கண்ணாடி
optical glass ஒளியியல் கண்ணாடி
organic glass கரிமக் கண்ணாடி
natural glass இயற்கைக் கண்ணாடி
neodymium glass நியோடிமியம் கண்ணாடி
neodymium glass laser நியோடிமியம் கண்ணாடி லேசர்
neophane glass நியோபேன் கண்ணாடி
nonshattering glass தகர்வுறாக் கண்ணாடி
nucleated glass படிகமாக்கப்பட்ட கண்ணாடி
magnifying glass உருப்பெருக்கக் கண்ணாடி
metallic glass உலோகக் கண்ணாடி
milk glass பால் கண்ணாடி
muller’s glass முல்லர் கண்ணாடி
lead glass காரீயக் கண்ணாடி
lime glass சுண்ணாம்புக் கண்ணாடி
lindemann glass லின்ட்மேன் கண்ணாடி
liquid-in-glass thermometer கண்ணாடி நீர்ம வெப்பநிலை அளவி
low-melting glass தாழ் உருகு கண்ணாடி
industrial glass தொழிலகக் கண்ணாடி
hard glass கடினக்கண்ணாடி
heat-resistant glass வெப்பந்தாங்கு கண்ணாடி
high-pressure gage glass உயரழுத்த அளவிக்கண்ணாடி
horizon glass தொடுவரை கோணஅளவி கண்ணாடி
galilean glass கலிலிய கண்ணாடி
glass brick கண்ணாடி கட்டுகல்
glass capacitor கண்ணாடி கொண்மி
glass cutter கண்ணாடி அறுப்பான்
glass dosimeter கண்ணாடி கதிர் உட்கொள் அளவி
glass electrode கண்ணாடி மின்முனை
glass film plates கண்ணாடி படலத் தட்டுகள்
glass fission detector கண்ணாடி அணுக்கரு பிளவு கண்டுணர்வி
glass former கண்ணாடி ஆக்கி
glass furnace கண்ணாடி உலை
glass guide கண்ணாடி வழிசெலுத்தி
glass heat exchanger கண்ணாடி வெப்பம் பரிமாற்றி
glass insulator கண்ணாடி மின்காப்பி
glass laser கண்ணாடி லேசர்
glass paper கண்ணாடித் தாள்
glass pot கண்ணாடிக்குப்பி, கண்ணாடிப்பானை
glass resistor கண்ணாடித் தடையம்
glass sand பளிங்கு மணல்
glass switch கண்ணாடி இணைப்புமாற்றி
glass textile கண்ணாடி இழைத்துணி
glass transition கண்ணாடி மாற்றம்
glass transition temperature கண்ணாடியாகு வெப்பநிலை
glass-ceramic கண்ணாடி உருவாரம்
glass-plate capacitor கண்ணாடித் தட்டு கொண்மி
glass-to-metal seal கண்ணாடி உலோக காற்றிறுக்க அடைப்பு
glass-tube manometer கண்ணாடிக்குழாய் அழுத்தஅளவி
green glass பச்சைக் கண்ணாடி
ground glass தோற்றுரு கண்ணாடி
fiber glass இழைமக் கண்ணாடி
foam glass நுரைக்கண்ணாடி
focusing glass குவிப்புக் கண்ணாடி
frosted glass மணல் செதுக்கு கண்ணாடி
e glass மின் கண்ணாடி
d glass ஞி வகைக் கண்ணாடி
dacite glass டேசைட் (எரிமலைப்பாறைக்) கண்ணாடி
darwin glass டார்வின் கண்ணாடி
daylight glass பகல்ஒளி கண்ணாடி
devitrified glass படிகமாகு கண்ணாடி
drawn glass இழுத்த கண்ணாடி
cathedral glass ஒளிக்கசி கண்ணாடி
cellular glass புரைக் கண்ணாடி
combining glass கூட்டுவினை கண்ணாடி
counting glass எண்ண உதவு உருப்பெருக்கி
crown glass காரச் சுண்ணகக்கண்ணாடி
cut glass கவின் வெட்டுக்கண்ணாடி
barium glass பேரிய கண்ணாடி
borax glass வெண்காரக் கண்ணாடி
broad glass பலகணிக் கண்ணாடி
burning glass வெப்பக் குவிவில்லை
actinic glass கதிரியக் கண்ணாடி
agate glass பல்நிறக் கண்ணாடி
amber glass அரக்குக் கண்ணாடி
andesitic glass எரிமலைப் படிகக் கண்ணாடி
sintered glass filter கண்ணாடிச் சல்லடை வடிகட்டி
glass house கண்ணாடிக் குடில்
glass rod கண்ணாடித் தண்டு
glass slide கண்ணாடிப் பட வில்லை
glass transmittance கண்ணாடிச் செலுத்தக்கெழு
fibre glass கண்ணாடி இழை
extinction coefficient of glass கண்ணாடியின் தடுப்புக் கெழு
eye glass கண் கண்ணாடி
venetian glass வெனீசியப் பலகணிக் கண்ணாடி
winking glass apparatus இமைப்புக் கண்ணாடிக் கருவி
sandwich glass இடைபொதிவுக் கண்ணாடி
sealed glass canopy மூடிய கண்ணாடிக் கவிகை
sheet glass கண்ணாடித் தகடு
soluble glass கரைதகு கண்ணாடி
spun glass கண்ணாடி நூலிழை
stained glass நிறம்பூசிய கண்ணாடி
sun glass சூரியஒளி காப்புக் கண்ணாடி
rolled glass சுற்றிவைக்கப்பட்ட கண்ணாடி
pier glass நீண்டுயர் நிலைக்கண்ணாடி
pilsner glass கண்ணாடி பீர்க் குவளை
mercury glass இதள் குப்பி
lace-glass வண்ணக் கண்ணாடி
lead glass ஈயக் கண்ணாடி
looking glass நிலைக்கண்ணாடி
high ball glass மதுக்குவளை
gause glass அளவான கண்ணாடி
glass - bead கண்ணாடிச் சிறுமணி
glass bake கண்ணாடியை அடு
glass bicking கட்டுப்படுத்தும் கண்ணாடி
glass bonded fiber கண்ணாடி இணைத்த இழை
glass bricks பளிங்குச் செங்கற்கள்
glass cloth கண்ணாடி இழைத் துணி
glass cock கண்ணாடி அடைப்பான்
glass cover கண்ணாடி மூடி/உறை
glass curtain கண்ணாடி இழைத் திரைச்சீலை
glass fabrics கண்ணாடித் துணிகள்
glass fiber கண்ணாடி நார்
glass finishing பளிங்குச் சீர்மை
glass insulation கண்ணாடிக் காப்பீடு
glass painting கண்ணாடி வண்ணஓவியம்
glass room கண்ணாடி அறை
glass stone பளிங்குக் கல்
glass thread கண்ணாடி நூல்
glass towel கண்ணாடித் துவாலை
glass transition temperature பளிங்கு மாறுவெப்பநிலை
glass wool கண்ணாடி இழைக்கம்பளி
glass yarns கண்ணாடி நூலிழைகள்
glass, textile துகில் கண்ணாடியிழை
ground glass தேய்ப்புக் கண்ணாடி
fiber glass நார்க்கண்ணாடி
foam glass நுரைக் கண்ணாடி
egg glass முட்டைக் கடிகை
eye glass பார்வைக் கண்ணாடி
double glass lid இரட்டைத் தொங்கு மூடி
china glass சீனக் கண்ணாடி
counting glass நூலிழை எண்ணி
crystal glass படிகக் கண்ணாடி
bita glass fibre பீட்டா கண்ணாடியிழை
blown glass ஊது கண்ணாடி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
glass, ceramic கண்ணாடி வனைபொருள்
etch அமிலங்கள் மூலம் உலோகத்தில் சித்திரம் செதுக்கு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLAZE
(Skeat) Glaze, to furnish a window with glass. (E.) see Glass.
(Chambers) glaze v. 1369 glasen to fit or furnish with glass, in Chaucer’s Book of the Duchesse; from glas GLASS, probably influenced by earlier glazier, but note the Middle English form glasen. The sense of cover with glass or a glassy substance is first recorded before 1400. —n. 1784, substance used to make a glossy coating; from the verb. An earlier meaning of window is recorded before 1700. —glazier n. 1296-97 glasyer one who makes or repairs glass; formed from glas, n., and glasen, v. + -ier.
(John Ayto) see Glass
(Onions) glaze gleiz fill with glass xiv; cover with a vitreous substance xv. ME. glase, f. obl. form of s. Hence gla·zier1. xiv.
(American Heritage) glaze n. 1. A thin, smooth, shiny coating. 2. A thin, glassy coating of ice. 3. a. A coating of colored, opaque, or transparent material applied to ceramics before firing. b. A coating, as of syrup, applied to food. c. A transparent coating applied to the surface of a painting to modify the color tones. 4. A glassy film, as one over the eyes. — v. glazed, glaz·ing, glaz·es. — v. tr. 1. To fit, furnish, or secure with glass: glaze a window. 2. To apply a glaze to: glaze a doughnut; glaze pottery. 3. To coat or cover thinly with ice. 4. To give a smooth, lustrous surface to. — v. intr. 1. To be or become glazed or glassy: His eyes glazed over from boredom. 2. To form a glaze. [From Middle English glasen, from glas, glass, from Old English glas. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glaze
forms: Middle English glase-n, (Middle English glacyn, glaysse), Middle English–1600s glase, 1500s– glaze.
origin: Formed within English, by conversion.
etymon: glass n.1
etymology: Middle English glasen, <glas glass n.1 Compare Middle High German glasen, and glass v.
- transitive. To fit or fill in (a window, etc.) with glass, to furnish (a building) with windows of glass, to cover (a picture, etc.) with glass. to glaze in: to enclose with glass. †to glaze one's houve: to provide with a head-covering of glass, hence apparently to mock, delude, befool (see houve n.).
2.a. To cover (the surface of pottery, etc.) with a vitreous substance which is fixed by fusion. Also, to vitrify the surface of.
- figurative. To cover as with a glaze, to gloss over.
- To fix (paint) on pottery by this process. Similarly (nonce-use), to throw (light) like a glaze on.
- a. To overlay or cover with a smooth and lustrous coating. Also, to cover (the eyes) with a film.
- esp. of frost, etc. Also with over, up.
- Painting. To cover (a painted surface) with a thin coat of a different transparent colour, so as to modify the tone without mixing. Also, to lay (a transparent colour) over another.
5.a. To make to shine like glass; to give a smooth glassy surface to (anything), esp. by rubbing; to polish, to render brilliant.
- Cutlery manufacture. (See quot. 1888.)
- intransitive. To become glazed, assume a glassy appearance.
(Online Etymology) glaze (v.) late 14c. variant of Middle English glasen "to fit with glass," also "to make shine," from glas (see glass (n.)). The form probably influenced or reinforced by glazier. Of pottery, etc., "cover with a shiny or glossy substance," from c. 1400. Related: Glazed; glazing.
glaze (n.) "substance used to make a glossy coating," 1784, from glaze (v.). In reference to a thin coating of ice from 1752.
glaze -கலைச்சொற்கள்
glaze ஆடிப்பூச்சு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
salt-glaze உப்பு மெருகு
glaze கண்மீது வெண்படலம் படர்வி, தேய்த்துப் பரப்பைப் பளபளப்பாக்கு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
salt glaze உப்பு மினுமினுப்பு
jardiniere glaze பூந்தொட்டி பளபளப்பு
glaze மெருகுப் பூச்சு
glaze stain பீங்கான் நிறமி
ceramic glaze வெங்களி பளபளப்பாக்கம்
glaze உறைமழை மிளிர்வு
glaze மேல்மெருகிய பூச்சு
glaze rolls மிளிர் பருத்தியாடை
demi glaze பகுதி பளபளப்பு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GLAZIER
(Chambers) see glaze
(Onions) see glaze
(American Heritage) gla·zier n. One that cuts and fits glass, as for doors and windows. [Middle English glasier, from glas, glass. see Glaze.]
(OED) glazier
forms: Middle English–1500s glasyer(e, (Middle English glasyare), Middle English–1600s glasier, (Middle English glacyer, 1500s glasior, glassier, glassyer, 1600s glaseer), 1800s dialect glassiver, 1600s– glazier.
origin: Formed within English, by derivation.
etymons: glass n.1, -er suffix1, -ier suffix.
etymology: < glass n.1 + -er suffix1, with assimilation to Romance words in -ier suffix.
†1. One engaged in the manufacture of glass, a glass-maker. Obsolete.
2.a. One whose trade it is to glaze windows, etc.
- In colloquial phrases addressed to a person who is obstructing one's view, etc. (see quots.).
- = glazer n. 2b (In recent dictionaries.)
†4. = glazer n. 3. Obsolete.
†5. old slang. plural. The eyes. Obsolete.
†6. slang. (See quots. 1676, 1785.) Obsolete.
(Online Etymology) glazier (n.) "one who fits window glass into frames," early 15c. variant of late 14c. glasier (late 13c. as a surname, glasyer, from glass (v.) + -er (1). Influenced by French words in -ier. Alternative glazer recorded from c. 1400 as "one who applies coatings to earthenware."
glazier - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glazier metal செம்பு துத்தநாகக் கலவை உலோகம்
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
glazier சரளரச் சட்டங்களுக்குக் கண்ணாடி பொருத்துபவர்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
gla`zier கண்ணாடி பொருத்துபவர்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLEAM
(Skeat) gleam, a beam of light, glow. (E.) M.E. gleam, gleem, glem; Havelok, 2122; Ancren Riwle, p. 94. ̶ A.S. glǽm, [with long ǽ. due to i], splendour, gleam, brightness, Grein, i. 513; Leo. Cf. gliomu, glimu, brightness, ornament; Grein, i. 515. + O. Sax. glimo, brightness; in ‘glítandi glimo’ = glittering splendor; Heliand, 3146. + O. H. G. glimo, a glow-worm. β. The exact formation of the word is a little obscure; but the final m is merely suffixed (as in doo-m), the Teutonic base being gli- or gla-, put for an older base GAL. γ. Related words further appear in the Gk. Χλι-αρόs, warm, χλí-ω, I become warm; Skt. ghri, to shine (base ghar). δ. Thus the Teutonic base GAL=Aryan GHAR; so that the root is GHAR, to shine. Fick, i. 578, 579. See Glow, Glimmer. Der. gleam, vb., gleam-y.
(Chambers) gleam n. Probably before 1200 gleam beam of light, in Ancrene Riwle; developed from Old English glǣm brightness, splendor, radiance (about 725, in Genesis A), from Proto-Germanic *ӡlaimiz; cognate with Old Frisian glīa to glow, Old Saxon glīmo, Old High German gleimo glowworm, Old Icelandic gljā to shine, glitter, cognate with Welsh gloyw bright, from Indo- European *ĝhlei-/ĝhloi- (Pok.432). —v. flash or beam with light. Probably about 1200 gleamen, from gleam, n.
(John Ayto) gleam [OE] Gleam is one of a very wide range of English words beginning with gl that denote ‘shining’ (others include glare, glint, glister, glitter, and glow). Originally it was a noun, which came from Germanic *glaim-, *glim- (source also of glimmer [15]); the verb is a 13th century development. ® Glimmer, Glimpse
(Onions) gleam glīm (orig.) brilliant light; (now) subdued or transient light. OE. glǣm (:-*glaimiz), corr. to LG. glēm, OHG. gleimo glow-worm, and rel. to OS. glīmo brightness, OHG. glīmo glow-worm, MHG. glīmen shine, glow, and further to glimmer. Hence gleam vb. xiii (w. midl.). In ME. both sb.and vb. occur mainly in alliterative use.
(American Heritage) gleam n. 1. A brief beam or flash of light: saw gleams of daylight through the cracks. 2. A steady but subdued shining; a glow: the gleam of burnished gold. 3. A brief or dim indication; a trace: a gleam of intelligence. — v. gleamed, gleam·ing, gleams. — v. intr. 1. To emit a gleam; flash or glow: “It shone with gold and gleamed with ivory” (Edith Hamilton). See Synonyms at flash. 2. To be manifested or indicated briefly or faintly. — v. tr. To cause to emit a flash of light. [Middle English glem, from Old English gl<m. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gleam
forms: Old Englishglǽm, Middle Englishglem, Middle English–1500s gleme, 1500s–1600s gleame, Middle English, 1600s– gleam.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English glǽm( < *glaimi-z ) is related by ablaut to Old High German glîmen to glow, shine, Old Saxon glîmo brightness, Old High German glîmo (Middle High German glîme) glow-worm, in which sense Old High German had also gleimo (Middle High German gleime), agreeing in root-grade with the Middle English word. The lowest grade of the root, *glim-, appears in several forms in Middle High German and Middle English: see glim n., glimmer n.1, glimpse n.
1.a. In early use, a brilliant light (e.g. of the sun). In modern use, a subdued or transient appearance of light, emitted or reflected.
- b. figurative. A bright or vivid manifestation (of some quality, etc.); in modern use chiefly with the notion of limitation, a faint, transient, or intermittent appearance.
†c. hot gleam (also gleam simply), a warm ray (of the sun); a bright warm interval between rain-showers. Also, a hot wind (cf. gloom n.1). Obsolete.
†2.a. transferred. Brightness, radiance; radiant beauty.
- A bright or joyous look.
(Online Etymology) gleam (n.) Old English glæm "a brilliant light; brightness; splendor, radiance, beauty," from Proto-Germanic *glaimiz (source also of Old Saxon glimo "brightness;" Middle High German glim "spark," gleime "glow-worm;" German glimmen "to glimmer, glow;" Old Norse glja "to shine, glitter, glisten"), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
gleam (v.) early 13c., from gleam (n.). Related: Gleamed; gleaming.
gleam - கலைச்சொற்கள்
gleam மினுமினுப்பு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
weather-gleam ஒளிர் வானிலை
foregleam வருங்காலத்தின் கணநேரத் தோற்றம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
gleam ஒளிக்கதிர்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLEE
(Skeat) Glee, joy, mirth, singing. (E.) M.E. gle, glee; Will. of Palerne, 824; also gleu, glew, Havelok, 2332. ̶ A.S. gleow, gleό, gliw, and sometimes glig, joy, mirth, music; Grein, i. 515. + Icel. glý, glee, gladness. + Swed. dial. gly, mockery, ridicule (Rietz). Cf. Gk. χλεύη, a jest, joke; Russ. glum’, a jest, joke. β. Form of the root, ghlu; sense unknown.
(Chambers) glee n. Before 1250 gle, developed from Old English (about 700) gliu, (before 800) glio; later glīw, glēo entertainment, mirth, jest, from Proto-Germanic* ӡliujan; cognate with Old Icelandic glӯ joy, Greek chleúē joke, mockery, and Old Lithuanian glaudas amusement, pastime, from Indo-European *ghleu-/ghlou- be merry (Pok.451). Throughout Old and Middle English glee was largely of poetic use and became rare after the 1400’s, virtually disappearing in the 1700’s. Johnson’s Dictionary (1755) dismisses it as a word only used in comic writing. Its revival shortly thereafter remains unexplained. —Glee Club 1814, a group of singers organized originally to sing part songs and glees (song of three or more parts, 1659, from earlier meaning of music or musical entertainment, probably before 1200, in Layamon’s Chronicle of Britain).
(John Ayto) glee [OE] Glee has had a strange history. It was common in Old English times, both for ‘entertainment, having fun’ (source of the modern sense ‘joy, delight’), and in the more specific sense ‘musical entertainment’ (from which we get the ‘unaccompanied part-song’ of glee clubs). It survived healthily into the 15th century but then went into long-term decline. Bythe 17th century it seems virtually to have become extinct. However, in 1755 Dr Johnson in his Dictionary said that it was ‘not now used except in ludicrous writing, or with some mixture of irony and contempt’, signalling the start of a revival which got fully under way towards the end of the 18th century. How and why it came back from the dead in this way is not known. Its source was Germanic *gliujam.
(Onions) glee glī †play, sport; †minstrelsy, music OE. (unaccompanied part-song, of Eng. origin, with one voice to each part xvii); mirth, rejoicing xii. OE. glēo, glīo = ON. (rare) glý :- *gliujam (not repr. in other Germ. langs.); it was variously treated in OE. as glīeg-, glīg-, glīw-, glēow-, nom. glēo, the two last giving ME. glew and gle. Not usedby Sh. exc. in the comp. gleeful (once, ‘Tit.And.’ II iii III), nor by Milton; marked obs. by Phillips (17o6); ace. to J., ‘not now used except in ludicrous writing, or with some mixture of irony and contempt’.
(American Heritage) glee n. 1. Jubilant delight; joy. See Synonyms at mirth. 2. Music. An unaccompanied part song scored for three or more male voices that was popular in the 18th century. [Middle English gle, entertainment, from Old English glKo. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glee
forms: α. Old English glíu, glíw, gléow-, Middle English gleow, gleu, (gleaw), Middle English glu, Middle English (Scottish1500s) glew, Middle English glewe. β. Old English glío, (glíg-), Old English–Middle English gléo, Middle English gleo, Middle English–1500s gle, Middle English, 1500s Scottish glie, 1500s glye, Middle English– glee.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English glíw, gléo neuter = Old Norse glý (rare); the word is wanting in the other Germanic languages. The original stem *gliujo- was variously treated in Old English, yielding the forms glíeg-, glíg- (in compounds and oblique cases), glíw (the nominative is found only in glosses, but glíwes, etc. are common in poetry, more rarely gléow-), and gléo (poetic). From the two latter forms came Middle English glew and gle, of which glew became obsolete in the 16th cent., surviving longest in the northern dialects. (Compare hue n.1 from original *hiujo-.)
†1.a. Entertainment, play, sport; occasionally scornful jesting, mockery. Also chamber-glew: = chambering n. 3. Obsolete.
†b. In phrases. to have glee (also to make oneself glee): to make sport. to make one's glee of (also on): to make sport of (a person or thing). Obsolete.
†c. northern. Affair, business (cf. game n. 7). Obsolete.
†2.a. Musical entertainment, playing; music, melody. Also figurative of other sounds. Obsolete.
†b. An instrument of music. Obsolete.
- A musical composition, of English origin, for three or more voices (one voice to each part), set to words of any character, grave or merry, often consisting of two or more contrasted movements, and (in strict use) without accompaniment.
3.a. Mirth, joy, rejoicing; in modern use, a lively feeling of delight caused by special circumstances and finding expression in appropriate gestures and looks. In early quots. frequently in phrase game and glee.
†b. In phrases. to make glee: to be glad or merry, to rejoice. (thereglads (also gains, games) him no glee: nothing gives him pleasure. to have glee of: to find pleasure in. to make one good glee: to welcome or entertain heartily. Obsolete.
†c. A state of exaltation or prosperity. Obsolete.
†d. Applied to a person (cf. joy n.). Obsolete.
†4.a. Bright colour, beauty. Obsolete.
†b. gold and glee: cf. sense 4a and quot. 1567.
(Online Etymology) glee (n.) Old English gliu, gliw, gleow "entertainment, mirth (usually implying music); jest, play, sport," also "music" and "mockery," presumably from a Proto-Germanic *gleujam but absent in other Germanic languages except for the rare Old Norse gly "joy;" probably related to the group of Germanic words in gl- with senses of "shining; smooth; radiant; joyful" (compare glad), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." A poetry word in Old English and Middle English, obsolete c. 1500-c. 1700, it somehow found its way back to currency late 18c. In Old English, an entertainer was a gleoman (female gleo-mægden).
glee - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glee எக்களிப்பு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glee மகிழ்ச்சி, எக்களிப்பு, பல்குரற் பாட்டு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
glee சேர்ந்திசை
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLIB
(Skeat) glib (1), smooth, slippery, voluble. (Dutch.) The orig. sense is ‘slippery;’ Shak. has ‘glib and oily;’ K. Lear, i. 1.227; ‘glib and slippery;’ Timon, i.1.53. We also find glibbery. ‘What, shall thy lubrical and glibbery muse,’ &c.; Ben Jonson, Poetaster, Act v (Tibullus). These are forms borrowed from Dutch. ̶ Du. glibberig, slippery; glibberen, to slide; related to glippen, to slip away, glijden, to glide, glad, smooth, slippery. β. This Du. glibbery (of which glib is, apparently, a familiar contraction) prob. superseded the M.E. glider, a form not found in books, but preserved in Devonshire glidder, slippery (Halliwell), of which the more original glid occurs as a translation of lubricum in the A.S. version of Psalm, xxxiv. 7, ed. Spelman. This form glid, with its extension glider, is from A.S. glidan, to glide. [the exactly the same way we find M.E. slider, slippery (Chaucer, C. T. 1266), from the verb to slide.] see Glide. ¶ I find ‘glib, slippery’ in O'Reilly’s Irish Dictionary, but this is doubtful; it seems due to Irish glibsleamhain, slippery with sleet, in which it is really the latter half of the word that means ‘slippery.’ The Gael. glib, gliob really means ‘sleet,’ and orig. ‘moisture;’ cf. Corn. gleb, wet, moist, glibor, moisture. These words give no satisfactory explanation of Du. glibberig, which must not be separated from Du. glippen, to slip, steal away, glissen, to slide, and glijden, to glide. Der. glib-ly, glib-ness.
(Chambers) glib adj. speaking or spoken smoothly and easily. 1598, easy or offhand, as of a procedure; 1599, smooth and slippery, as of a surface; earlier, as an adverb (1594); possibly a shortened form of obsolete glibbery slippery. The closeness of the appearance in English of the forms glib and glibbery and the sudden appearance of a variety of forms derived from them, also of about the same date, suggest that glib was a vogue word at the turn of the 16th century (1594-1605), and its novelty may have come as a borrowed word from Low German glibberig smooth or slippery, from Middle Low German glibberich (glibber jelly + -ich -y¹), of unknown origin. The meaning of (language) spoken fluently is first recorded in Marston’s Antonio's Revenge (1602).
(Onions) glib glib (dial.) smooth and slippery xvi; ready and fluent xvii. rel. to synon. †glibbery, corr. formally to Du. glibberig, MLG. glibberich (LG. glibbrig), f. base *glī̌ƀ- (cf. OHG. gleif sloping); for expressive gl- cf. next.
(American Heritage) glib adj. glib·ber, glib·best. 1. a. Performed with a natural, offhand ease: glib conversation. b. Showing little thought, preparation, or concern: a glib response to a complex question. 2. Marked by ease and fluency of speech or writing that often suggests or stems from insincerity, superficiality, or deceitfulness. [Possibly of Low German origin. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glib
forms: Also 1500s–1600s glibb(e.
origin: Of uncertain origin.
etymology: See glibbery adj.
- adj.
- Smooth and slippery in surface or consistency; moving easily; offering no resistance to motion. Of movement: Easy, unimpeded. Now rare exc. dialect.
- Of an action, method, procedure: Easy, meeting no obstruction; off-hand.
3.a. Of a speaker or writer, of the tongue, etc.: ‘Well-oiled’, ready and fluent in utterance. Of language: Characterized by fluency and readiness. Chiefly in contemptuous use, implying lack of thought or of sincerity.
†b. Of words: Easy to pronounce. Also of a statement: Easily ‘swallowed’, plausible. Obsolete.
- adv.
- Smoothly; easily. Now rare.
- Volubly; fluently.
(Online Etymology) glib (adj.) 1590s, "smooth and slippery," a dialect word, possibly a shortening of obsolete glibbery "slippery," which is perhaps from Low German glibberig "smooth, slippery," from Middle Low German glibberich, from or related to glibber "jelly," all part of the Germanic group of gl- words for "smooth, shining, joyful," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Of words, speakers, etc., from c. 1600. Related: Glibly; glibness.
glib - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glib வழவழப்பான
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glib இயக்கும்வகையில் தங்குதடையற்ற, எளிதாக வழுக்கிச் செல்கிற
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
GLIDE
(Skeat) glide, to slide, flow smoothly. (E.) Μ.E. gliden, pt. t. glod or glood; Chaucer, C. T. 10707. ̶ A.S. glidan, Grein, i. 516. + Du. glijden. + Dan. glide. + Swed. glida. + G. gleiten. Cf. Russ. gladkie, smooth; gladite, to make smooth; also goluii, naked, bare, bald. β. Closely connected with Glad, q.v. Fick suggests for the latter the Teutonic base GLA or GAL = Indo-European GHAL = Aryan √GHAR, to shine; whence also E. gl-ib, gl-eam, gl-ow, gl-immer, gl-ance. &c. See gleam, glow.
(Chambers) glide v. Before 1200 gliden; found in Old English glīdan move along smoothly and easily (about 725, in Beowulf); cognate with Old Frisian glīda to glide, Old Saxon glīdan, Middle Low German glīden (modern Dutch glijden), Middle High German glīten, Old High German glītan (modern German gleiten), from Proto-West-Germanic *ӡlīdan, of unknown origin. —n. 1590, from the verb. —glider n. 1440 glydare person or thing that glides, in Promptorium Parvulorum; formed from English glide, n. + -er¹. The specific sense of an airplane without a motor, appears about 1897.
(Onions) glide glaid pass easily or smoothly. OE. glīdan pt. glād, glidon, pp. gliden = OFris. glīda, OS. glīdan (Du. glijden), OHG. glītan (G.gleiten) :- WGerm. *gliđan, of which no cogns. are known (the short base is repr. by OE. glid(d)er slippery).
(American Heritage) glide v. glid·ed, glid·ing, glides. — v. intr. 1. To move in a smooth, effortless manner: a submarine gliding through the water. See Synonyms at slide. 2. To move silently and furtively. 3. To occur or pass imperceptibly. 4. To fly without propulsion. Used of an aircraft. 5. Music. To blend one tone into the next; slur. 6. Linguistics. To articulate a glide in speech. — v. tr. To cause to move or pass smoothly, silently, or imperceptibly. — n. 1. The act of gliding. 2. Music. A slur. 3. Linguistics. a. The transitional sound produced by passing from the articulatory position of one speech sound to that of another. b. See semivowel. [Middle English gliden, from Old English gli$dan. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) glide
forms: Past tense and past participle glided. Forms: infinitive Old English glídan, Middle English gliden, Middle English–1500s glyde, (Middle English glyede, 1500s glyd), Middle English– glide, 3rd person present indicative Middle English glit, glyt. past tense Old English–Middle English glád (plural glidon), Middle English glad, (Middle English glæd, Middle English gladd), Middle English glade, Middle English–1500s Scottish glaid, Middle English glod, (Middle English gload), Middle English glood(e, Middle English–1500s, 1800s glode, Middle English, 1600s, 1800s glid, 1600s– glided. past participle Old English–Middle English gliden, 1500s glaid, 1800s glid, (glode), 1600s– glided.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: A common West Germanic strong verb: Old English glídan, glád, glidon, gliden corresponds to Old Frisian glîda, Old Saxon glîdan (Dutch glijden; now usually glijen), Old High German glîtan (Middle High German glîten, modern German gleiten); not found in Gothic or Old Norse, but (probably by adoption < Low German) in Middle Swedish gliidha (modern Swedish glida), Danish glide. The Old Germanic type is *glîđan, glaiđ-, gliđum, gliđono-; outside Germanic no cognates are known.
- intransitive. To pass from one place to another by a smooth and continuous movement, without effort or difficulty.
- along the surface of, or through, a liquid.
- of a liquid, a stream, etc. †In early use often of tears or blood, where flow would now be used.
- of motion through the air; spec. (of an aeroplane) to fly without engine power; (also transitive) to traverse in a glider.
- in general. Now often applied to the progression of a person walking or riding, of a carriage, etc., to express extreme smoothness of movement and the absence of perceptible motion of the limbs, wheels, etc.
- Said of the mode of progression of reptiles.
- To go unperceived, quietly, or stealthily; to insinuate oneself, steal, ‘slip’ into, out of a place.
†4.a. Used in poetry for: To pass from one place to another, to go or come. Also with adverbs forth, up, down, etc. Obsolete.
†b. of a weapon, a blow. (Perhaps with the notion of swift or unresisted movement.) Obsolete.
†c. To fall. Obsolete.
†d. Of the eye: to glance, turn aside upon.
5.a. To slide, move unobstructedly over a polished surface. Also: †to slip, lose one's footing on ice or muddy ground (obsolete); to slide on ice as a sport (dialect).
- To slip away, elude one's grasp, like something greasy.
- To pass lightly and without interruption along or over a surface. Also transferred of the eye, the mind, etc.
- In various immaterial applications.
- Of time, one's life, etc.: To pass gently and imperceptibly. Also with along, away, †forth, on, etc.
†b. Of the Holy Ghost: = proceed v. Obsolete.
- to glide into: to pass by imperceptible degrees into (a condition or state); to fall insensibly into (doing something). Said also of a species, etc.: To shade off insensibly into, have no clear demarcation from (something else).
- Phonetics. to glide on to: (of a consonant or vowel) to be uttered continuously with (the following sound).
- transitive. = to cause to glide (in different senses). Also †to glide away.
- Crystallography. intransitive. Of particles in a crystal: to move, be displaced. Also of a crystal: to undergo glide. Cf. glide n. 5.
- Cricket. intransitive. To make the glide stroke (see glide n. 1b).
(Online Etymology) Glide (v.) Old English glidan "move along smoothly and easily; glide away, vanish; slip, slide" (class I strong verb, past tense glad, past participle gliden), from Proto-Germanic *glidan "to glide" (source also of Old Saxon glidan, Old Frisian glida, Old High German glitan, German gleiten), probably part of the large group of Germanic words in gl- involving notions of "smooth; shining; joyful," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Related: Glided; gliding. Strong past tense form glid persisted into 20c.
glide (n.) 1580s, from glide (v.). From 1835 as a term in music; from 1889 as a step in dancing or a type of dance.
glide - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glide வழுக்கொலி
end glide ஈற்று-உடன்படுத்தி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
angle of glide சறுக்கு கோணம்
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
glide plane நழுவு தளம்
glide reflexion சறுக்கு எதிரொளிப்பு
axis of glide reflection சறுக்கு எதிரொளி அச்சு
glide உடம்படுமெய், இழைவியக்கம்
glide உடன்படுத்தி
gliding motion தவழ்தல்
snow glide பனிச்சறுக்கல்
glide மென்சரிவு இறக்கம்
glide நழுவல்
glide path வானூர்தி இறங்கு பாதை, நழுவுபாதை
glide rocket சறுக்கு அமைப்பு ஏவூர்தி
glide slope நழுவுதளம்
easy glide இலகுவான சறுக்கு
block glide தொகுதி நழுவல்
angle of glide நழுவுகோணம்
axis of glide reflection சறுக்கு எதிரொலிப்பு அச்சு
glide இழைவியக்கம், நழுவியக்கம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
vocalic glide உடன்படு உயிர்
off glide பின் உடன்படுத்தி
on glide முன் உடன்படுத்தி
end glide ஈற்று உடன்படுத்தி
-மொழியியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி (1980)
GLIMMER
(Skeat) Glimmer, to shine faintly. (Scand.) M.E. glimeren, whence the pres. part. glimerand, Will. of Palerne, 1427. ̶ Dan. glimre, to glimmer; glimmer, glitter, also mica; Swed. dial. glimmer, to glitter, glimmer, a glimmer, glitter; Swed. glimmer, mica (from its glitter). + G. glimmer, a glimmer, mica; glimmern, to glimmer. β. These are frequentative forms with suffix -er-; shorter forms appear in Dan. glimme, to shine, Swed. glimma, to glitter, Du. glimmen, G. glimmen, to shine, γ. Even these shorter forms are unoriginal; cf. prov. G. glimm, a spark (Flügel); Swed. dial. glim, a glance (Rietz); words closely related to the E. sb. gleam. See Gleam, Glow. We even find the sb. glim, brightness, in Allit. Poems, ed. Morris, i. 1087; this is borrowed from the Scandinavian rather than taken from A.S. Der. glimmer, sb.; and see below.
(Chambers) glimmer v. Before 1375 glimeren to shine brightly; probably a frequentative form related to Old English glǣm brightness; see Gleam, and cognate with Middle Dutch glimmen to glimmer, and Middle High German glimmern to glow. The Middle English meaning of shine brightly, died out in the early 1500’s, leaving only a weakened meaning of shine faintly (first recorded before 1400, in the sense of have a faint perception. —n. a faint, unsteady light. 1590, in Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors; from the verb. An earlier and obsolete sense “fire”, is recorded in 1567.
(John Ayto) see Gleam
(Onions) glimmer gli·mәɹ †shine brightly xiv (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight); shine faintly xv. prob. of Scand. origin (cf. Sw. glimra, Da. glimre, to which corr. (M)HG., Du. glimmern); f. Germ. *glim- *glaim-; see Gleam, -ER4. Hence gli·mmer sb. xvi. ¶ The present currency of the sb. may be due to Sh.
(American Heritage) glim·mer n. 1. A dim or intermittent flicker or flash of light. 2. A faint manifestation or indication; a trace: a glimmer of understanding. — v. intr. glim·mered, glim·mer·ing, glim·mers. 1. To emit a dim or intermittent light. See Synonyms at flash. 2. To appear faintly or indistinctly: Hope still glimmered in our minds. [Middle English glimeren. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) glimmer
forms: Middle Englishglemer, Middle Englishglym(m)er, 1500s– glimmer.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English *glimorian, a frequentative < the root glim-: see glim n., gleam n. Compare Dutch, Middle High German, German glimmer(e)n, Danish glimre, Swedish glimra.
†1. intransitive. To shine brightly; to glitter. Of the eyes: To flash. Obsolete.
2.a. In weaker sense: to give a faint or intermittent light; to shine faintly. Also with away, out, and quasi-transitive with cognate object.
- transferred and figurative.
- to glimmer into: to pass into with a glimmer.
- to go glimmering: to die away, die out, vanish, ‘peter out’. U.S. slang.
- (a) To look or glance with half-closed eyes; to see indistinctly (rare); (b) transitive. causatively (see quot. 1580) (obsolete rare).
(Online Etymology) glimmer (v.) late 14c., "to shine brightly;" early 15c., "to shine dimly," perhaps from or related to Middle Dutch glimmen, Middle Low German glimmern, from an extended (frequentative?) form of Proto-Germanic *glim-, which also is the base of Old English glæm "brightness" (see gleam (n.)). Sense shifted 15c. to "shine faintly." Compare Dutch glimmeren, German glimmeren "to shine dimly." Related: Glimmered; glimmering.
glimmer (n.) 1580s, "a faint, wavering light," from glimmer (v.).
glimmer - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glimmer இமைப்பொறி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glimmer மினுக்கம், மங்கிய ஒளி, நடுங்கொளி
glimmer அப்பிரகம், காக்காய்ப் பொன்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
glimmer ice பனிவிரிசலிடை புதுப்பனிக்கட்டி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
glimm`er மினுக்கொளி
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLIMPSE
(Skeat) Glimpse, a short gleam, weak light; hurried glance or view. (Scand.) The p is excrescent; the old word was glimse. M.E. glimsen, to glimpse; whence the sb. glimsing, a glimpse. ‘Ye have som glimsing, and no parfit sight;’ Chaucer, C, T. 10257. The word is a mere variant of glimmer, and formed by suffixing -s to the base glim-. see above.
(Chambers) glimpse v. 1592, to shine faintly, alteration of glymsen to glance at (1450); earlier, to glisten (before 1325); developed possibly from Old English *glimsian; cognate with Middle High German glimsen to glimmer, and glimmern to glow; see Glimmer, and possibly from Proto-Germanic *ӡlīm-/ ӡlaim-/ ӡlim- (brightness, glimpse); see Gleam, Glimmer. The p is possibly an intrusion that developed dialectally to facilitate pronunciation; the s, that is a vestige of the probable Old English form, may be a verb-formative element of Germanic, found in words such as glisten or glissade. The current meaning of catch a quick view of, is first recorded in 1779. —n. About 1540 glimse momentary appearance; from the verb, or more immediately from glimpsing imperfect vision (about 1359). The current meaning of a momentary view, passing glance, is first recorded in 1579.
(John Ayto) glimpse [14] Glimpse originally meant ‘shinefaintly’. It comes from the same Germanicsource (*glaim-, *glim-) as produced Englishgleam and glimmer. The modern sense ‘seebriefly’ developed in the 18th century from thenoun glimpse, originally a ‘momentary or dimflash’, hence ‘faint brief appearance’, and finally ‘sight of something afforded by such anappearance’. ® gleam, glimmer
(Onions) glimpse glimps †have faint vision xiv (glimsing, Ch.); (arch.) shine faintly or intermittently xv; (from the sb.) see momentarily or partially xviii. deriv. of the base of glimmer, perh. repr. an OE. *glimsian =MHG. glimsen :-WGerm. *glimisōjan. Hence glimpse sb. xvi (in Sh. ‘Hamlet’ 1 iv 53 the glimpses of the Moone the earth by night).
(American Heritage) glimpse n. 1. A brief, incomplete view or look. 2. Archaic. A brief flash of light. — v. glimpsed, glimps·ing, glimps·es. — v. tr. To obtain a brief, incomplete view of. — v. intr. To look briefly; glance: glimpsed at the headlines. [Middle English glimsen. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) glimpse
forms: Middle Englishglymsen, 1500sglynce, glym(p)se, 1500s–1600sglimse, 1500s– glimpse.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Middle English glymse-n (? < Old English *glimsian< West Germanic *glimmisôjan) = Middle High German glimsen, < root of glim n., glim v.
1.a. intransitive. To shine faintly or intermittently; to glimmer, glitter. literal and figurative.
- b. To come into view; to appear faintly; to dawn. Now only poetic or archaic.
†2. To have a glimmering of vision. Obsolete.
†3. transitive. (See quot. 1598) Obsolete. rare.
- To give a glimpse of. Alsowith out. rare.
- To catch a glimpse of (either a material or immaterial object); to see by glimpses.
- intransitive. To cast a passing glance. Const. at, upon; also with adverbs.
(Online Etymology) glimpse (v.) c. 1400, "to glisten, be dazzling," probably from Old English *glimsian "shine faintly," part of the group of Germanic words in *gl- having to do with "smooth; shining; joyous," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." If so, the unetymological -p- would be there to ease pronunciation. From mid-15c. as "to glance with the eyes;" from 1779 as "catch a quick view." Related: Glimpsed; glimpsing.
glimpse (n.) 1530s, "faint or transient appearance," from glimpse (v.). From 1570s as "a brief and imperfect view." Earlier was the verbal noun glimpsing "imperfect vision" (late 14c.).
glimpse - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glimpse கணநேரக் காட்சி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002
glimpse மங்கலான மினுக்கொளி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
Glimpse காட்சி
-ஆட்சிச் சொல்லகராதி (2015)
glimpse கண நேரப் பார்வை
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLINT
(Skeat) glint, to glance, to shine. (Scand.) Obsolete; but important as being the word whence glance was formed; see Glance. ‘Her eye glent Aside;’ Chaucer, Troil. iv. 1223; cf. Allit. Poems, ed. Morris, A. 70, 114, 671, 1026; B. 218. A nasalised form from the base GLIT, to shine; see glitter, glow. [†]
(Chambers) glint v. to gleam, flash. 1787, Scottish, shine with flashing light, in Burns’Holy Fair; apparently an alteration (by influence of the past participle glynt, in this spelling as early as 1400) of earlier glenten to gleam, flash, glisten (probably about 1380), to move quickly aside, dodge or flinch (before 1338), and to look askance (about 1250); probably from a Scandinavian source (compare dialectal Swedish glinta to slip, shine, and dialectal Norwegian gletta to look), from Proto-Ger- manic *ӡlent-. Also found in various cognates including late Old High German glanz bright, clean (modern German Glanz a shine, gleam, glänzen to shine, gleam), and Middle Dutch glansen to gleam, from Indo-European *ghlend- (Pok.431).
Glint was popularized in the works of Scottish writers such as Burns in the late 1700’s, whence it spread into general English literary use during the 1800’s. —n. 1826, a gleam, momentary appearance; from the verb.
(John Ayto) see gleam
(Onions) glint glint move quickly, esp. obliquely; shine with flashing light. xiv. Not common till xviii (Burns), but glint sb. is used by Wyatt; alteration of earlier (dial.) glent (xiii) in both the above senses and that of ‘look askance’, prob. of Scand. origin (cf. Sw. dial. glänta, glinta slip, slide, gleam); cf. glance.
(American Heritage) glint n. 1. A momentary flash of light; a sparkle. 2. A faint or fleeting indication; a trace. — v. glint·ed, glint·ing, glints. — v. intr. To gleam or flash briefly. See Synonyms at flash. — v. tr. To cause to gleam or flash. [Middle English glent, of Scandinavian origin. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glint
origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item.
etymon: glent v.
etymology: Rare in the 15th cent.; subsequently first in Scots writers of the 18th cent.; it was adopted into English literary use in the 19th cent. Probably an altered form of the earlier glent v., which the rhyme shows to have been the original reading in two of the 15th cent. passages; compare hint as the northern form of hent v.1
- intransitive. To move quickly, esp. obliquely; to glance aside; = glent v. 1a, 1b.
2.a. To shine with a flashing light; to glance, gleam, glitter. Also with forth.
- transitive (causatively).
3.a. intransitive. To peep, take a glance. Cf. glent v. 2.
- quasi-transitive. To glance (the eye).
(Online Etymology) glint (v.) 1787 (intransitive), from Scottish, where apparently it survived as an alteration of glent, from Middle English glenten "gleam, flash, glisten" (mid-15c.), from a Scandinavian source (compare Norwegian gletta "to look," dialectal Swedish glinta "to shine"), from the group of Germanic *gl- words meaning "smooth; shining; joyous," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold. Reintroduced into literary English by Burns. Related: Glinted; glinting.
glint (n.) "a gleam," 1826 (with a possible isolated use from 1540s in OED), from glint (v.).
glint - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glint மினுக்கம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glint பாயொளி, மின்னொளி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
lint வேறுபடு துடிப்பு எதிரொளிப்பு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GLISSADE
(Chambers) glissade n. 1843, a sliding step in ballet; later, a slide down a slope, especially in ice or snow (1862); borrowed from French glissade, from glisser to slip or slide, from Dutch glissen, from Old Dutch glissen, glitsen; cognate with Middle Low German glischen (modern German glitschen) to slide, formed from Proto-West-Germanic *ӡliđ- (compare glide) with verb-formative s; for suffix see -ade.
(Onions) glissade gli·sād sliding movement. xix. ̶ F. glissade, f. glisser slip, slide; see -ade.
(American Heritage) glis·sade n. 1. A gliding step in ballet. 2. A controlled slide, in either a standing or sitting position, used in descending a steep icy or snowy incline. — v. intr. glis·sad·ed, glis·sad·ing, glis·sades. To perform a glissade. [French, from glisser, to slide, from Old French, possibly alteration (influenced by glacer, to slide); see Glacis, of glier, to glide, of Germanic origin. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glissade
origin: A borrowing from French.
etymon: French glissade.
etymology: < French glissade, <glisser to slip, slide; a mountaineering term.
- The action of sliding down a steep slope (esp. of ice or snow).
- Dance. A step consisting of a glide or slide to the right or left.
(Online Etymology) glissade (n.) in dancing, 1843, from French glissade, from glisser "to slip, slide" (13c.), from Frankish *glidan or some other Germanic source (cognate with Dutch glissen), from Proto-Germanic *glidan "to glide" (see glide (v.)). Earlier in English as a verb (1832).
glissade - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glissade கீழ்நோக்கிச் சறுக்குறுதல்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glissade சரிவில் கீழ்நோக்கிக் சறுக்கிச் செல்லுதல்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
GLISTEN
(Skeat) Glisten, Glister, to glitter, shine. (E.) These are mere extensions from the E. base glis-, to shine; which appears in M. E. glisien, to shine; ‘in glysyinde wede’ = in glistening garment; An Old Eng. Miscellany, ed. Morris, p. 91, 1. 21. ̶ A.S. glisian*, only in the deriv. glisnian, to gleam; Grein, i. 516. β. Glisnian is formed from the base glis- by the addition of the n so often used to extend such bases; and hence we had M.E. glisnien, with pres. part. glisnande, glittering; Allit. Poems, ed. Morris, A. 165. This M.E. glisnien would give a later E. glisen, but the word is always spelt glis-t-en, with an excrescent t, which is frequently, however, not sounded. B. Similarly, from the base glis-, with suffixed -t and the frequentative -er, was formed M.E. glisteren or glistren. ‘The water glistred over al;’ Gower, C. A. ii. 252. Cf. O. Du. glisteren (Oudemans); now nasalised into mod. Du. glinsteren, to glitter. C. Finally, the base glis- stands for an older glits-; see glitter, glint.
(Chambers) glisten v. Probably about 1200 glistnen to glitter or gleam; developed from Old English (about 1000) glisnian, a form related to glīsian glisten, and cognate with Old Frisian glisia to glimmer or blink, Middle Low German glisen, glissen to glitter, Middle High German glistern to sparkle, dialectal Norwegian glissa to glitter, and Old Danish glisse to shine; related to the source English glitter. —n. 1840, from the verb, but more of immediately probably from glistening, n. (1398), also from the verb.
(Onions) glisten gli·sn shine with twinkling light.OE. glisnian, f. base of glisian ( = OFris. glisa, MLG. glisen), f. Germ. *glis-, extensionof *gli-, repr. by ON. gljá shine, which has been connected with Gr. khliarós warm.
(American Heritage) glis·ten v. intr. glis·tened, glis·ten·ing, glis·tens. To shine by reflection with a sparkling luster. See Synonyms at flash. — n. A sparkling, lustrous shine. [Middle English glisnen, from Old English glisnian. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glisten
forms: Old English glisnian, glysnian, Middle English glisnien, glistnen, Middle English glisnen, glysnen, glysnien, glystnen, Middle English gles(s)en, glisson, Middle English–1700s glissen, (Middle English glyssen, glysson, glyssyn), 1800s dialect glizzen, Middle English– glisten.
origin: Formed within English, by derivation.
etymon: glise v.
etymology: Old English glisnian, < the root of glise v.:
see -en suffix5. intransitive. To shine with a fitful twinkling light; to glitter; to sparkle with light. literal and figurative.
(Online Etymology) glisten (v.) Old English glisnian "to glisten, gleam," from Proto-Germanic *glis- (source also of Old English glisian "to glitter, shine," Old Frisian glisa "to shine," Middle High German glistern "to sparkle," Old Danish glisse "to shine"), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold. Related: Glistened; glistening.
glisten - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glisten சுடரொளி வீச்சு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
glisten மிளிர்(வி)
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
glis`ten ஒளிர்விடு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLISTER
(Skeat) see glisten
(John Ayto) see gleam
(Onions) glister gli·stәɹ (poet., dial.) glitter. xiv. corr. to and prob. ̶ MLG. glistern, (M)Du. glisteren, f. Germ. *glis-; see prec.
(American Heritage) glis·ter v. intr. glis·tered, glis·ter·ing, glis·ters. To glisten. — n. Glitter; brilliance. [Middle English glisteren, probably from Middle Dutch glinsteren, or Middle Low German glisteren; see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glister
forms: Middle Englishglystre, Middle English–1500sglistre, (Middle Englishglistere), Middle English–1600sglyster, Middle English– glister.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Corresponds to Middle Low German glistern, Middle Dutch, Dutch glisteren; < root *glis- (see glise v.) + suffixes -t- and -er suffix5.
archaic and dialect.
- a. intransitive. To sparkle; to glitter; to be brilliant.
- Proverb. (Cf. glitter v. 1b)
†c. quasi-transitive. To send forth with glitter.
(Online Etymology) glister (v.) late 14c., "to glitter, sparkle," probably from or related to Low German glisteren, Middle Dutch glisteren, frequentative forms ultimately from the large group of Germanic gl- words for "smooth; shining; joyful," from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Related: Glistered; glistering. As a noun, from 1530s.
Gglister - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glister மினுமினுப்பு, ஒளிர், மின்னு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
GLITCH
(Chambers) glitch n. Slang. a sudden mishap or malfunction, slip-up. 1962, American English; probably borrowed from Yiddish glitsh a slip, from glitshn to slip, from German glitschen, and related to gleiten to glide; see glide.
Though popularized in the jargon of astronauts, glitch was used originally by electronics and aerospace engineers in the sense of a sudden irregularity in an electric current or signal. By the late 1960’s glitch was also used in computer programming, astronomy, and other technical fields.
(American Heriage) glitch n. 1. A minor malfunction, mishap, or technical problem; a snag: a computer glitch; a navigational glitch; a glitch in the negotiations. 2. A false or spurious electronic signal caused by a brief, unwanted surge of electric power. 3. Astronomy. A sudden change in the period of rotation of a neutron star. [Probably from Yiddish glitsh, a slip, lapse, from glitshn, to slip, from Middle High German glitschen, alteration of gli$ten, to glide, from Old High German gli$tan. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glitch
origin: Of unknown origin.
etymology: Etymology unknown.
slang.
- A surge of current or a spurious electrical signal (see quots.); also, in extended use, a sudden short-lived irregularity in behaviour.
- Astronauts' slang. A hitch or snag; a malfunction.
(Online Etymology) glitch (n.) by 1953, said to have been in use in radio broadcast jargon since early 1940s, American English, possibly from Yiddish glitsh "a slip," from glitshn "to slip," from German glitschen, and related gleiten "to glide" (see glide (v.)). Perhaps directly from German. Apparently it began as technical jargon among radio and television engineers, but was popularized and given a broader meaning c. 1962 by the U.S. space program.
glitch - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glitch தடுமாற்றம்
- கலைச்சொல் அகராதி
glitch திடீர்துடிப்பு அலைவுநேர மாற்றம்
glitch குறுநேர அலைவுமாற்றம்
glitch குறுநேர மின்னழுத்த உயர்வு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GLITTER
(Skeat) Glitter, to gleam, sparkle. (Scand.) M.E. gliteren (with one t); Chaucer, C. Τ. 979 (or 977); ‘gliteren and glent;’ Gawain and the Grene Knight, 604. ̶ Icel. glitra, to glitter; frequentative of glita, to shine, sparkle. + Swed. glittra, to glitter; glitter, sb. glitter, spangle. Cf. A.S. glitinian, to glitter, Mark, ix. 3; Goth. glitmunjan, to shine, Mark, ix. 3. β. Shorter forms appear in O. Sax. glítan, M. H. G. glízen (G. gleissen), to shine; Icel. glit, sb. glitter. γ. All from the Teutonic base GLIT, to shine; Fick, iii. 112. This is an extension of the Teutonic base GLI, to shine; from Aryan √GHAR, to shine. See Gleam, Glow. Der. glitter, sb.; and see glisten, glister, glint. [†]
(Chambers) glitter v. About 1380 gliteren to flash, sparkle; earlier glideren (probably before 1300, in Arthour and Merlin); borrowed from a Scandinavian source (compare Old Icelandic glitra to glitter, related to glita to shine); for suffix see -er4. The Old Icelandic forms are cognate with Old Saxon glītan, Middle High German and modern German glitzern to glitter, Old High German glīzzan to shine, Gothic glitmunjan to glitter, and Old English glitenian to glitter; also cognate with Greek chlidḗ luxury (apparently referring to shining objects), from Indo-European *ghleid-/ghlid- (Pok.433). —n. 1602, in Marston’s Antonio’s Revenge; from the verb. The forms in English that begin with gl- and refer to light or flashes of light, such as gleam, glimmer, glitter, suggest a phono-symbolic relationship that points to Proto-Germanic forms of *ӡlē- and *ӡlei-; see gleam.
(John Ayto) glitter [14] Glitter goes back to a Germanic *glit-, denoting ‘shining, bright’, which also produced German glitzern ‘sparkle’ (source of English glitz) and gleissen ‘glisten’ and Swedish glittra ‘glitter’. English probably acquired it viaOld Norse glitra. ® Glitz
(Onions) glitter gli·tәɹ shine with brilliant tremulous light. XIV. ̶ ON. glitra = MHG., G. glitzern, sparkle, frequent. (see -ER4) f. Germ. *glī̌t-, in OS. glītan, OHG. glīʒan (G.gleissen) shine, ON. glit brightness, glita shine, Goth. glit|munjan (of clothes) shine bright; IE.*ghleid- *ghlid- appears in Gr. khlidḗ luxury.
(American Heritage) glit·ter n. 1. A sparkling or glistening light. 2. Brilliant or showy, often superficial attractiveness. 3. Small pieces of light-reflecting decorative material. — v. intr. glit·tered, glit·ter·ing, glit·ters. 1. a. To sparkle brilliantly; glisten. See Synonyms at flash. b. To sparkle coldly or malevolently: eyes that glittered at the prospect of revenge. 2. To be brilliantly, often deceptively, attractive. [From Middle English gliteren, to sparkle, from Old Norse glitra. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glitter
forms: Middle Englishgliter, Middle English–1500sgleter, glyter, 1500sglittre, Middle English– glitter.
origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.
etymology: Not recorded in Old English; Middle English gliteren is probably < Old Norse glitra = Middle High German, modern German glitzern; a frequentative formation (see -er suffix3) from the Germanic root *glῑt- in Old Saxon glîtan strong verb, Old High German glîȥan (modern German gleiszen) to shine, Old Norse glit brightness, glita to shine, Gothic glitmunjan to shine; the pre-Germanic root *ghleid-, ghlid- seems to occur in Greek χλιδή luxury.
1.a. intransitive. To shine with a brilliant but broken and tremulous light; to emit bright fitful flashes of light; to gleam, sparkle.
- Proverb. (Cf. glister v. b.)
- figurative; esp. of persons: To make a brilliant appearance or display; to be showy or splendid (in dress, etc.).
(Online Etymology) glitter (v.) c. 1300, glideren (late 14c. as gliteren), from an unrecorded Old English word or from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse glitra "to glitter," from Proto-Germanic *glit- "shining, bright" (source also of Old English glitenian "to glitter, shine; be distinguished," Old High German glizzan, German glitzern, Gothic glitmunjan), from PIE *ghleid- (source also of Greek khlidon, khlidos "ornament"), from root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold. With Germanic verbal suffix indicating repeated or diminutive action (see -er (4)). Related: Glittered; glittering. Other Middle English words for "to glitter" include glasteren and glateren.
glitter (n.) c. 1600, "sparkling or scintillating light," from glitter (v.). As "sparkling powdery substance" used in ornamentation, by 1956. Glitter rock is from 1972.
glitter - கலைச்சொற்கள்
glitter பளபளப்பு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glitter பளபளப்பாக மின்னு, சுடரொளி வீசு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
GLITZY
(Chambers) glitzy adj. Informal. glittering, dazzling. 1966, American English; probably formed in English from German glitz(ern) to glitter + English suffix -y¹. —glitz n. Informal. glitter. 1978, back formation from glitzy.
(John Ayto) (glitz) glitz [20] Glitz, a sort of ‘shallow but exciting and fashionable sparkle and showiness’, is a backformation from glitzy, an American slang term fashionable in the early 1980s. This in turn was derived from Yiddish glitz ‘glitter’, which came from German glitzern ‘sparkle’ (a relative ofEnglish glitter). Its fortuitous resemblance to a blend of glamour and Ritz contributes to its expressiveness. ® glitter
(American Heritage) (Glitz) glitz Informal. n. Ostentatious showiness; flashiness: “a garish barrage of show-biz glitz” (Peter G. Davis). — v. tr. glitz·ed, glitz·ing, glitz·es. To invest with an ostentatiously showy quality: “have started to glitz up their shows with filmed backdrops” (Bill Barol). [Back-formation from glitzy, flashy, showy, probably from German glitzern, to glitter, from Middle High German glitzen, to shine, from Old High German gli$zan. See ghel-2in Appendix.] —glitzi·ness n. —glitzy adj.
(OED) glitzy
origin: Probably a borrowing from German.
etymon: German glitzern.
etymology: Probably < German glitzern to glitter v. (perhaps via Yiddish); compare German glitzerig glittering: see -y suffix1.
slang (originally and chiefly North American).
Characterized by glitter or extravagant show; ostentatious, glamorous; hence, tawdry, gaudy; glitteringly spectacular, but in poor taste. Cf. glittering adj. 2, glitterati n.
(Online Etymology) glitzy (adj.) "tawdry, gaudy, showy but in bad taste," 1966, from Yiddish glitz "glitter," from German glitzern "sparkle" (see glitter (v.)).
GLOAMING
(Chambers) gloaming n. evening twilight, dusk. About 1425 gloming, Scottish; developed from Old English (about 1000) glōmung, from glōm twilight, related to glōwan to glow; for suffix see -ing¹. By regular phonetic development Old English glōmung would have become glooming in modern English; however, the vowel sound was perhaps influenced by glow, and, therefore, written as oa to preserve the sound associated with o in glow. The word continued to be used by Scottish writers after falling into disuse in standard English and was reintroduced through their writings in the 1800’s.
(Onions) gloaming glou·miɳ evening twilight. xv(Wyntoun). In the literary language an early-xix adoption from Sc. writers.
(American Heritage) gloam·ing n. Twilight; dusk. [Middle English gloming, from OldEnglish glomung, from glom, dusk. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gloaming
forms: Old Englishglómung, (ǽfen-)glommung, Middle Englishglomyng, Middle English–1600sgloming, 1700s– gloaming.
etymology: representing Old English glómung strong feminine, < (on the analogy of ǽfning evening n.1, adv., and int.) glóm twilight, probably < the Germanic root *glô- (see glow n.); the etymological sense would thus seem to be the ‘glow’ of sunset or sunrise (compare gloom n.2), whence the passage to the recorded sense is not difficult.
- Evening twilight.
- Said occasionally of morning twilight.
- Shade, dusky light.
(Online Etymology) gloaming (n.) Old English glomung "twilight, the fall of evening," found but once (glossing Latin crepusculum), and formed (probably on model of æfning "evening") from glom "twilight," which is related to glowan "to glow" (hence "glow of sunrise or sunset"), from Proto-Germanic *glo- (see glow (v.)). Fell from currency except in Yorkshire dialect, but preserved in Scotland and reintroduced by Burns and other Scottish writers after 1785.
Ggloaming - கலைச்சொற்கள்
gloaming அந்தியொளி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
gloaming அந்திஒளி, மாலை அரைஒளி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
GLOAT
(Skeat) Gloat, to stare, gaze with admiration. (Scand.) Also spelt glote. ‘So he glotes [stares], and grins, and bites;’ Beaum. and Fletcher, Mad Lover, ii. 2.‘Gloting [peeping] round her rock;’ Chapman, tr. of Homer, Odyssey, xii. 150. ̶ Icel. glotta, to grin, smile scornfully. + Swed. dial. glotta, glutta, to peep (Rietz); connected with Swed. dial. gloa, (1) to glow, (2) to stare. Cf. Swed. glo, to stare; Dan. gloe, to glow, to stare. β. Hence glo-te is a mere extension of glow. see glow.
(Chambers) gloat n. 1575, to look with a secret or sidelong glance; perhaps borrowed from a Scandinavian source (compare Old Icelandic glotta smile scornfully, Swedish glutta to peep, peer), from Indo-European *ghlud- (Pok.434). Although used by many writers in the 1600’s and 1700’s, gloat was unfamiliar to Johnson when he included it in his Dictionary (1755). The meaning of gaze or ponder with pleasure is first recorded in Samuel Richardson’s Clarissa (1748).
(Onions) gloat glout †look askance or furtively xvi(Laneham); †cast amorous glances xvii; gaze with intense satisfaction (over, upon)xviii. Of unkn. origin; not known to J., who quotes ‘Teach .. her deluding Eyes to gloat for You’ (Rowe, ‘Jane Shore’ iv i) with the remark ‘This word I conceive to be ignorantly written for gloar’, i.e. glore, glower; but it was used by many distinguished writers, being perh. taken up from some dialect in which it may have been adopted from Scand. (cf. ON. glotta grin, Sw. dial. glotta peep, corr. to (M)HG. glotzen stare).
(American Heritage) gloat v. intr. gloat·ed, gloat·ing, gloats. To feel or express great, often malicious, pleasure or self-satisfaction: Don’t gloat over your rival’s misfortune. — n. 1. The act of gloating. 2. A feeling of great, often malicious, pleasure or self-satisfaction. [Perhaps of Scandinavian origin. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(Online Etymology) gloat (v.) 1570s, "to look at furtively," probably a variant of earlier glout "to gaze attentively, stare, scowl, look glum, pout" (mid-15c.), from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse glotta "to grin, smile scornfully and show the teeth," Swedish dialectal glotta "to peep;" or from Middle High German glotzen "to stare, gape," from the Germanic group of *gl- words that also includes glower, from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine." Sense of "to look at with malicious satisfaction, ponder with pleasure something that satisfies an evil passion" first recorded 1748. Johnson didn't recognize the word, and OED writes that it was probably "taken up in the 16th c. from some dialect." Related: Gloated; gloating. As a noun, from 1640s with sense of "side-glance;" 1899 as "act of gloating."
GLOSS
(Skeat) Gloss (1), brightness, lustre. (Scand.) In Shak. Much Ado, iii. 2.6. Milton has glossy, P. L. i. 672. ̶ Icel. glossi, a blaze; glys, finery. + Swed. dial. glasa, a glowing, dawning, becoming light; glossa, to glow, shine. + Μ. Η. G. glosen, to glow; glose, a glow, gleam. β. An extension of Swed. dial. gloa, Icel. glόa, to glow. See Glow. Der. gloss, verb. ¶ Quite distinct from gloss (2), though some writers have probably confused them. Der. gloss-y, gloss-i-ly, gloss-i-ness.
(Chambers) Gloss1 n. smooth, shiny surface; luster. 1538, in Elyot’s works; perhaps borrowed from a Scandinavian source (compare Icelandic glossi flame, related to glossa to flame); cognate with Middle High German glosen to glow, and Dutch (obsolete) gloos a glowing, which is a possible alternative source of the English word. The relationship is unknown, except that gloss is one of the English words in gl- that is also related to gleam glow, etc.; see Glisten, Gleam. —v. put a smooth shiny surface on. Before 1656, from the noun. The figurative meaning of smooth over or hide is first recorded in 1729, influenced by gloss2, v. —glossy adj. 1556, formed from English gloss1, n. + -y¹.
(John Ayto) gloss English has two words gloss. The one meaning ‘shining surface’ [16] is of unknown origin, although no doubt it belongs ultimately to the general nexus of words beginning gl- which mean broadly ‘bright, shining’. Forms such as Icelandic glossi ‘spark’ and Swedish dialect glossa ‘glow’ suggest a Scandinavian origin. Gloss ‘explanation, definition’ [16] goes back to Greek glossa ‘tongue’, source also of English epiglottis [17]. This developed the secondary sense ‘language’ (as English tongue itself has done), and was borrowed by Latin as glōssa meaning ‘foreign word needing an explanation’, and eventually the ‘explanation’ itself. It passed into English via medieval Latin glōsa and Old French glose as gloze in the 14th century, and was reformulated as gloss on the basis of classical Latin glōssa in the 16th century. Glossary [14] comes from the Latin derivative glossārium. ® Epiglottis, Glossary
(Onions) gloss1 glɔs superficial lustre. xvi. Of unkn. origin; words of corr. form are Du. gloos glowing, gleaming, Sw. dial. glossa gleam, glow, Icel. glossi blaze, but no point of contact has been established; glass was used as a syn. in xvi, and it is poss. that gloss is a modified form of it. Hence gloss vb.l (infl.by GLOSS2) give a specious appearance to, smoothe over. xvii. glo·ssY1. xvi.
(American Heritage) gloss1 (glos, glms) n. 1. A surface shininess or luster. 2. A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance. — v. glossed, gloss·ing, gloss·es. — v. tr. 1. To give a bright sheen or luster to. 2. To make attractive or acceptable by deception or superficial treatment: a resume that glossed over the applicant’s lack of experience. See Synonyms at palliate. — v. intr. To become shiny or lustrous. [Perhaps of Scandinavian origin; akin to Icelandic glossi, a spark. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gloss
forms: Also 1500s–1600sglosse, 1600s–1700sglos.
origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item.
etymon: gloze n.
etymology: variant of glose, gloze n., refashioned in 16th cent. after Latin glōssa, Greek γλῶσσα in the same sense. (In the 15th cent. the spelling glosse appears occasionally for glos(e gloze n., gloze v.1; see those words.)
1.a. A word inserted between the lines or in the margin as an explanatory equivalent of a foreign or otherwise difficult word in the text; hence applied to a similar explanatory rendering of a word given in a glossary or dictionary. Also, in a wider sense, a comment, explanation, interpretation. Often used in a sinister sense: A sophistical or disingenuous interpretation. (Cf. gloze n. 1.)
- A collection of such explanations, a glossary; also, an interlinear translation of, or series of verbal explanations upon, a continuous text.
- In the sense of Greek γλῶσσα: A foreign or other obscure word, requiring explanation. Obsolete. rare. (Hardly an English sense, though given in some recent dictionaries, apparently on the ground of quot. 1837).
- A poetical composition in which a stanza of some well-known poem is treated as a text for amplification, each of the successive stanzas of the ‘gloss’ being made to end with one of the lines or couplets of the text.
(Online Etymology) gloss (n.1) "glistening smoothness, luster," 1530s, probably from Scandinavian (compare Icelandic glossi "a spark, a flame," related to glossa "to flame"), or obsolete Dutch gloos "a glowing," from Middle High German glos; probably ultimately from the same source as English glow (v.). Superficial lustrous smoothness due to the nature of the material (unlike polish, which is artificial).
gloss-கலைச்சொற்கள்
gloss மேன்மினுக்கு
gloss ஓர விளக்கக்குறிப்பு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
gloss மாயத் தோற்றம், அழகிய புற வடிவம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
glossectomy நாக்கில் அறுவைசிகிச்சை
gloss எதிரொளிப்பு விகிதஎண்
gloss oil தாழ்நிலை மெருகெண்ணெய்
high gloss உயர் பளபளப்பு (மெருகு)
gloss மேல்மினுக்கு
gloss starch பளபளப்பூட்டும் தரசம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
gloss பொருள் விளக்கம்
-மொழியியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி (1980)
gloss போலித்தனம்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GLOW
(Skeat) Glow, to shine brightly, be ardent, be flushed with heat. (E.) M.E. glowen, Chaucer, C.T. 2134. ̶ A.S. glόwan, to glow; very rare, but found in a gloss, as cited by Leo; the pt. t. is gleόw; see Addenda.+Icel. glόa. + Dan. gloe, to glow, to stare. + Swed. glo, to stare; Swed. dial. glo, gloa, to glow, to stare. + Du. gloeijen, to glow, to heat. 4 G. glühen. Cf. Skt. gharma, warmth, β From a Teut. base GLO (Fick, iii. 104), which from an older base GAL=GAR.= ̶ √ GHAR, to shine; cf. Skt. ghri, to shine, glow. Der. glow, sb.; glow-worm, Hamlet, i. 5. 89. The E. derivatives from the √GHAR, to shine, are numerous. The Teutonic form of this root was GAL, whence, by various modifications, we obtain the following. (1) Base GLA; whence (a) GLA-D, giving E. glad, glade; and (b) GLA-S, giving E. glass, glare (=glase). (2) Base GLO; whence Ε, glow, gloat, gloom, glum, gloss (1), glede (=glöd). (3) Base GLI; whence glib, glide; also GLI-M giving gleam (=glima), glimmer, glimpse; also GLI-T, giving glitter, glint, glance, glisten,glister. See each word discussed in its due place. [†]
(Chambers) glow v. Old English glōwan shine as if red-hot (about 1000, in Ælfric’s writings); cognate with Old Frisian glēd glow, blaze, Old Saxon glōian to glow, Old High German gluoen (modern German glühen), and Old Icelandic glōa to glow; compare glare, gloaming, etc., related to glow through the Proto-Germanic base *ӡlō-, from Indo-European *ĝhlō-/ ĝhlǝ- (Pok.430). —n. About 1450 glou glowing heat; from the verb. —glowworm n. (probably about 1350)
(John Ayto) glow [OE] Glow comes ultimately from Indo-European *ghlō-, in which the ghl- seemsoriginally to have had some sort of symbolicfunction, as if directly representing the notion of‘brightness, shining’ in speech. Its Germanicdescendant *glō- produced German glühen, Dutch gloeien, and Swedish glöda (all meaning ‘glow’) as well as English glow and probablyalso glower [16]. → Glower
(Onions) glow emit (bright) light. OE. glo$wan, recorded only in prp. glo$wende and pt. gle$ow, str. vb. corr. to the weak vbs. OS. glo$jan (Du. gloeien), OHG. gluoen (G. glühen), ON. glóa; f. *glo$-(cf. gleed):- IE. *ghlo$-, *ghle$-, whence W. glo (:- *ghlo$wo-) coal, Lith. Žlejatwilight. Hence glow·-worm insect, Lampyrisnoctiluca, the female of which emitsa green light. xiv (Bozon); cf. G. glühwurm.
(American Heritage) glow v. intr. glowed, glow·ing, glows. 1. To shine brightly and steadily, especially without a flame: Embers glowed in the furnace. 2. a. To have a bright, warm, usually reddish color: The children’s cheeks glowed from the cold. b. To flush; blush. 3. To be exuberant or radiant: parents glowing with pride. — n. 1. A light produced by a body heated to luminosity; incandescence. See Synonyms at blaze1. 2. Brilliance or warmth of color, especially redness: “the evening glow of the city streets when the sun has gone behind the tallest houses” (Sean O’Faolain). 3. A sensation of physical warmth. 4. A warm feeling, as of pleasure or well-being. [Middle English glouen, from Old English glowan. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) glow
forms: Past tense and past participle glowed. Forms: Old English glówan, Middle English, 1500s glowe(n, Middle English glowyn, glewe, (1600s gloue), Middle English– glow. past participle 1700s rare glown.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Old English glówan, recorded only in present participle glówende and past tense gléow, was a reduplicated strong verb, but the corresponding verbs in the other Germanic languages are weak: Old Saxon glôjan in Oxf. glosses (Dutch gloeien), Old High German gluoen (Middle High German glüen, glüejen, modern German glühen), Old Norse (*glówa) glóa, also glœ́ja (Middle Swedish ? gloa , glöia , Swedish dialect, Danish glo; for Swedish, Danish glo to stare, see glow v.2). As the verb is weak after Old English, it is possible that the existing word may not be the descendant of Old English glówan , but an adoption < Old Norse The Germanic root *glô- appears also in gleed n., and perhaps in Old English glóm (see gloaming n.), though the latter may possibly contain the ablaut-variant *glæ̂-; the weak-grade of the root, *glă- , is found in glass n.1, perhaps also in glade n.2
1.a. intransitive. To be heated to the point of incandescence; to emit bright light and heat without flame. Said also of a fire. †to glow out, to go out with a glow, subside from its glow.
- quasi-transitive with cognate object.
- Of the eyes: to glow into, to penetrate as by burning.
2.a. To shine, emit light, appear suffused with radiance, like something intensely heated.
- To gaze with ‘glowing’ eyes. rare. Cf. quot. c1374 at glow v.2
- To pass to or into a glowing colour.
- To be brilliant and ‘warm’ in colouring.
- To be excessively hot; to be on fire, to burn. literal and figurative.
- To burn with bodily heat; usually with the accompaniment of heightened colour. Also const. with predic. adj.
- To burn with the fervour of emotion or passion. Said of persons and their feelings.
†7. transitive. causatively. To make hot; to heat.
(Online Etymology) glow (v.) Old English glowan "to glow, shine as if red-hot," from Proto-Germanic *glo- (source also of Old Saxon gloian, Old Frisian gled "glow, blaze," Old Norse gloa, Old High German gluoen, German glühen "to glow, glitter, shine"), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold. Figuratively from late 14c. Related: Glowed; glowing. Swedish dialectal and Danish glo also have the extended sense "stare, gaze upon," which is found in Middle English.
glow (n.) mid-15c., "glowing heat," from glow (v.). Meaning "a flush of radiant feeling" is from 1793.
glow-கலைச்சொற்கள்
glow கனலொளி
electric glow lamps மின்னொளிர் விளக்குகள்
day glow வானொளிர்வு
cathode glow எதிர்மின்வாய் ஒளிறல்
counter glow எதிர்-மின்னொளிர்வு
blue glow நீல ஒளிர்வு
abnormal glow இயல்பிகந்த ஒளிறல்
after glow பின் மினுக்கம்
air glow வான்மினுக்கம்
anode glow நேர்மின்வாய் மினுக்கம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
negative glow எதிர் முனைப் பொலிவு
glow ஒளிர்
glow clad wiring ஒளிர் கவிப்புக் கம்பியிடல்
glow discing ஒளிர்மின்னிறக்கம்
glow lamp ஒளிர் விளக்கு
glow tube ஒளிர் குழல்
blue glow நீல ஒளி
after glow பின்னொளிர்வு
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
sun-glow ஞாயிற்றுப் பரிவேடம், கதிரொளி வட்டம்
glow வெற்தழலொளி, பிறங்கொளி, வெப்பு
glow-lamp மின்விளக்கு
glow-worm மின்மினி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
negative glow எதிர்முனைக் கனல்வு
laminar glow மென்தகட்டுக் கனல்வு
glow கனல் ஒளி
glow box கனல் பெட்டி
heat glow வெப்ப ஒளிர்வு
cathode glow எதிர்மின்வாய்க் கனல்வு
negative glow எதிர்ப் பொலிவு
sea glow கடல் நிலவொளிப் பொலிவு
sea glow கடல் நிலவொளி
negative glow எதிர்முனைப் பொலிவு
neon glow lamp நியான் ஒளிர்விளக்கு
modulator glow tube குறிப்பேற்றி ஒளிர்குழாய்
glow discharge ஒளிர் மின்னிறக்கம்
glow lamp ஒளிர்விளக்கு
glow plug ஒளிர் மின்வெப்பமூட்டி
glow potential ஒளிர்மின்னிறக்க நிலையாற்றல்
glow tube ஒளிர்குழாய்
glow-discharge tube ஒளிர் மின்னிறக்கக்குழாய்
glow-discharge voltage regulator ஒளிர் மின்னிறக்க மின்னழுத்தச் சீராக்கி
glow-tube oscillator ஒளிர்குழாய் அலையியற்றி
cathode glow எதிர்முனை ஒளிர்வு
abnormal glow discharge பிறழ் ஒளியுமிழ்வு
new glow rayon புதுப் பொலிவு மரவிழைப்பட்டு
glow ஒளிர்வு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
GLOWER
(Chambers) glower v. stare angrily, scowl. Probably before 1400 gloren to glare, glower; earlier, shine (probably about 1350); perhaps borrowed from a Scandinavian source (compare dialectal Norwegian glora to glow, stare, Icelandic glōra to gleam, glare). The Middle English gloren is cognate with Low German glōren to glow, and is directly related through the Proto-Germanic base *ӡlō- to Old English glōwan to glow; which influenced its eventual spelling glower. —n. 1715, from the verb.
(John Ayto) see glow
(Onions) glower (Sc.) stare with wide-openeyes xvi (Dunbar, Lyndesay); scowl xviii. perh. Sc. var. of synon. (dial.) glore (xiv), the earlier sense of which seems to be 'shine, gleam', perh.- LG. glo$renor Scand. (cf. Icel. glóra gleam, stare), rel. to glow.
(American Heritage) glow·er v. intr. glow·ered, glow·er·ing, glow·ers. To look or stare angrily or sullenly. See Synonyms at frown. — n. An angry or sullen look or stare. [Middle English gloren, probably of Scandinavian origin. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) glower
forms: 1500s glowir, 1500s–1700sglowr, 1500s, 1700s–1800sglour, 1700sglowre, glow'r, 1800s– glower.
origin: Of uncertain origin.
etymology: Of obscure etymology: in sense the word agrees with glore v. 2, but the difference in vowel is against its immediate identity with this. It may possibly be < glow v.2 + -er suffix5.
- intransitive. Scottish. To stare with wide-open eyes; to gaze intently or with an air of surprise. Alsoto glower at, over.
- To look angrily or crossly; to scowl. Also dialect of the weather: To be gloomy.
(Online Etymology) glower (v.) mid-14c., "to shine;" c. 1500, "to stare with wide eyes," perhaps from a Scandinavian source (compare Norwegian dialectal glora "to glow, gleam; stare"), or related to Middle Dutch gluren "to leer;" in either case from Proto-Germanic *glo-(see glow (v.)), root of Old English glowan "to glow," which influenced the spelling of this word. Meaning "to look angrily, look intently and threateningly, scowl" is from 18c. Related: Glowered; glowering. As a noun, 1715, "an angry or threatening stare," from the verb.
glower-கலைச்சொற்கள்
glower உறுத்த நோக்கு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
glower வெறித்த நோக்கு, அச்சுறுத்தும் பார்வை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
GOLD
(Skeat) gold, a precious metal. (E.) M.E. gold, Chaucer, C.T. 12704. ̶ A.S. gold; Grein, i. 519. + Du. goud [for gold]. + Icel. gull, + Swed. and Dan, guld. + G. gold. + Goth. gulth; I Tim. ii. 9. + Russ. zlato. + Gk. χρυσόs. + Zend. zaranu, zaranya, gold. + Skt. hirana, gold. See the letter-changes noticed in Curtius, i. 251. β. The primary form is ghar-ta (whence Goth. gul-th, Russ. zla-to), whence also ghar-tja (giving Gk. χρυ-σοs = χρυ-rjos); &c. ̶ √GHAR, to be yellow, related to GHAR, to shine. see fick, i. 579. And see green, yellow, chlorine; all from the same source. Der. gold-en(A.S. gyld-en, by the usual letter change, but altered in M.E. to gold-en); gold-beater, gold-dust, gold-finch (Chaucer, C. T. 4365), gold-fish, gold-leaf, gold-smith (Prompt. Parv. p. 202); mary-gold or mari-gold.
(Chambers) gold n. Old English (about 725) gold a shiny, bright-yellow precious metal; cognate with Old Frisian and Old Saxon gold gold, Middle Dutch gout (modern Dutch goud), Old High German gold (modern German Gold), Old Icelandic goll, gull (Swedish, Danish guld,Norwegian gull), and Gothic gulth, from Proto-Ger- manic *ӡulth-; apparently related to modern English yellow, from Old English geolu yellow, through the Indo-European root *ĝhel- yellow, found in ĝhḷto-, (Pok.429). —adj. made of gold. Probably before 1200; from the noun. —golden adj. About 1300, and in the surname Goldene (1298); formed from gold, n. + -en². Golden replaced the earlier Middle English form gilden, which developed from Old English gylden; see Gulden. —goldenrod n. (1568) —goldfinch n. 1229, in the surname Goldfinch, developed from Old English gold-finc (about 1000). —goldfish n. (1698; goldfishbowl, 1935) —gold-leaf (1727) —goldsmith n. 1255, as a surname; found in Old English gold-smith (about 1000).
(John Ayto) gold [OE] Gold gets its name from its colour. Theperception of what this is has varied. In theancient Germanic languages, red was often usedas a poetic epithet for ‘gold’, and in English thissurvives into the present day as an archaism. And Latin aurum ‘gold’, source of French or andItalian and Spanish oro, is probably related towords for ‘dawn’ (such as Latin aurora), theinspiration in both cases being ‘redness’. Theword gold, however, depends on the metal’syellowness. It goes back to Indo-European*ghel-, source of English yellow. From this wasformed *ghltom ‘gold’, which was the ancestorof Russian zoloto ‘gold’, Polish złoto (whencezłoty ‘golden’, used as the name of a Polishcoin), Sanskrit hiranya- ‘gold’, and the variousGermanic words for ‘gold’: English and Germangold, Dutch goud, and Swedish and Danish guld.
Golden [13] is a Middle English derivative ofgold, replacing the earlier gilden, which camefrom Old English gylden. Of related forms inother Germanic languages, Dutch gulden is thesource of the former coin-name guilder [15]. The verb gild, from Old English gyldan, retainsits original vowel; gilt [14] began life as its pastparticiple. gall, gild, gilt, guilder, yellow
(Onions) gold the most precious metal. OE. gold= OFris., OS., OHG. gold (Du. goud, G. gold), ON.goll,gull, Goth. gulp :-CGerm.*gulþam :- IE. *ghltom (whence also OSl. zlato, Russ. zóloto), f. *ghel- yellow+pp. suffix *-to- (as in colour-names such as Lith. gēltas yellow, báltas white, Skr. Háritas yellow). The name silver also is commonto Germanic and Slavonic. The pronunc.gu$ld continued till xix. ¶ Finn. kulta wasan early adoption from Germ. The flower-namegold (OE. golde) which survives in marigold, is presumably a deriv. of thisword. Hence golden gou·ldn. xiii; superseding †gilden, OE. gylden; see -en3. Invarious collocations immed. tr. L. aureus, e.g. g. age xv (L. aurea ætas), g. mean xvi (L. aurea mediocritas, Horace), g. number xvi(medL. aureus numerus), g. rule †(math.) therule of three xvi; the precept of Matt. vii 12 xvii (also g. law xvii). go·ldfinch. OE. gold finć; so Du. goudfink, G. goldfink. go·ldsmith. OE.
(American Heritage) gold n. 1. a. Symbol Au A soft, yellow, corrosion-resistant element, the most malleable and ductile metal, occurring in veins and alluvial deposits and recovered by mining or by panning or sluicing. A good thermal and electrical conductor, gold is generally alloyed to increase its strength, and it is used as an international monetary standard, in jewelry, for decoration, and as a plated coating on a wide variety of electrical and mechanical components. Atomic number 79; atomic weight 196.967; melting point 1,063.0˚C; boiling point 2,966.0˚C; specific gravity 19.32; valence 1, 3. b. Coinage made of this element. c. A gold standard. 2. Money; riches. 3. Color. A light olive-brown to dark yellow, or a moderate, strong to vivid yellow. 4. Something regarded as having great value or goodness: a heart of gold. 5. a. A medal, as in the Olympics, made of gold: won 9 golds in 13 events. b. A gold record. — adj. Having the color of gold. [Middle English, from Old English. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) gold
forms: α. early Old English gildi (inflected form, probably transmission error), early Old English golth, Old English (in compounds)–Middle English glod (rare), Old English (chiefly in compounds)–Middle English gol, Old English– gold, late Old English (in compounds)–1600s golde, early Middle English goil, early Middle English golden, early Middle English golð, Middle English glode, Middle English goldd, Middle English golt (chiefly in compounds), Middle English guold, Middle English ȝolde, Middle English–1600s gowlde, Middle English–1700s gould, 1500s gollde, 1500s goulde, 1500s govld; English regional 1700s–1800s goel (East Anglian, as adjective), 1700s–1800s gole (East Anglian, as adjective), 1800s gawl (south-western, in compounds), 1800s go' (south-western, in compounds), 1800s gole (south-western, in compounds), 1800s gould, 1800s gowld (northern); Scottish pre-1700 golde, pre-1700 goulde, pre-1700 govld, pre-1700 gowld, pre-1700 1700s– gold, pre-1700 1700s– gould, 1800s guild; Irish English (northern) 1900s– gowl, 1900s– gowld.
β. Middle English–1500s goolde, Middle English– goold (now regional); U.S. regional 1800s goole (in compounds); Manx English 1800s– gool.
γ. Chiefly northern late Middle English guld, late Middle English gulde.
δ. late Middle English goude; English regional (northern and north midlands) 1800s gode (Yorkshire), 1800s gohd (Lincolnshire), 1800s goud, 1800s– gowd; Scottish 1700s gou'd, 1700s– goud, 1700s– gowd; Irish English (northern) 1900s– gowd; Welsh English (Flintshire) 1900s– gooud.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian gold , goud , guld (West Frisian goud ), Old Dutch golt (Middle Dutch golt , gout , goud , Dutch goud ), Old Saxon gold (Middle Low German golt ), Old High German gold (Middle High German golt , German Gold ), Old Icelandic goll , gull (Icelandic gull ), Old Swedish gul , guld (Swedish guld ), Old Danish gull (Danish guld ), Gothic gulþ , Crimean Gothic goltz (i.e. golþ ) < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the same Indo-European base as (with o -grade) Old Church Slavonic zlato , Russian zoloto , (with e -grade) Latvian zelts , all in sense ‘gold’; the base shows a suffixed form (with dental suffix) of the Indo-European base of Sanskrit hari yellow, fawn (see yellow adj.), originally with reference to the colour of the metal; compare further (from the same base with different suffixation) Sanskrit hiraṇya, Avestanzaranya-, both in sense ‘gold’. The Germanic word was also borrowed into Finno-Ugric languages, probably at an early date; compare Finnish kulta, Estonian kuld, and (probably showing a later borrowing from Scandinavian languages) Saami golli.
- n.1
1.a. A yellow precious metal, the chemical element of atomic number 79, which is resistant to tarnishing and corrosion and relatively malleable and ductile, and is used in finance (to guarantee the value of currency and formerly in coinage), and to make jewellery and ornaments. Symbol Au (cf. aurum n.).
- As a count noun. A kind or variety of this metal. Usually in plural.
2.a. This metal regarded as a valuable possession, employed as currency, or used as a medium of exchange. Hence: coins or other articles made of gold; (in extended use) money, wealth.
†b. In plural. Gold coins. Obsolete.
3.a. The metal gold (or an imitation of this) used for the ornamentation of textiles and fabrics; gold thread (see gold thread n. 1). Also: textiles embroidered in, woven with, or consisting of gold thread; cloth of gold (see cloth of gold at cloth n. 9c).
- The metal gold (or an imitation of this) used to coat a surface, or as a pigment; gold leaf, paint, ink, etc.; gilding.
- The colour of, or associated with, this metal; a shiny, bright, or deep yellow colour. Also: any of various shades of this.
- figurative.
- Something likened to gold in being beautiful, rare, or unsurpassed in preciousness. of gold: of the highest or purest quality. Often literary and poetic in later use.
- colloquial. Something which is sought after, desired, or valued, esp. within a particular genre or field; a thing regarded as, or acknowledged to be, the best of its kind.
- Heraldry. The metal gold, or the colour, in a coat of arms or armorial bearings; = or n.1 2.
- Archery. The gold or yellow area in the centre of a target; the bullseye. Also: a hit made in this.
- In plural. Stock Market. Stocks or shares in the gold-mining industry.
- Chiefly Sport. Short for gold medal n. at Compounds 1e. Now often without article.
- High-grade or potent marijuana. Often with modifying word specifying the place of origin, as Colombian gold, Hanoi gold, Panama gold, etc. Cf. Acapulco gold at Acapulco n.
- adj.
- Made (wholly or partly) of gold; consisting of gold, or (sometimes) an imitation of this. Also: covered or worked in gold leaf, paint, thread, etc.; gilded.
- Of the colour of gold; shiny, bright, or deep yellow. Cf. golden adj. 2a.
- Heraldry. In postpositive use: of gold; golden; yellow.
- Of, relating to, or designating coinage made of gold, or a currency that is guaranteed by gold (cf. gold standard n.). Also: designating a money of account reckoned according to a gold standard.
- Originally U.S. Designating a framed gold disc or record presented to a musician or group for sales of a recording that exceed a specified high figure; esp. in gold disc, gold record. Also: designating a recording which has achieved such sales.
(Online Etymology) gold (n.) "precious metal noted for its color, luster, malleability, and freedom from rust or tarnish," Old English gold, from Proto-Germanic *gulthan "gold" (source also of Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old High German gold, German Gold, Middle Dutch gout, Dutch goud, Old Norse gull, Danish guld, Gothic gulþ), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting gold (the "bright" metal).
gold - கலைச்சொற்கள்
gold பொன்
ear marked gold செவ்வைக்குறியிட்டதங்கம்
chromium-gold metalizing குருமியப் பொன்மாழையீடு
colloidal gold கூழ்மப் பொன்
black gold கருந்தங்கம்
artificial gold செயற்கைப்பொன்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
gold leaf electroscope பொன்னிதழ் மின்காட்டி
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
white-gold வெண்ணிற உலோகக் கலவைப்பொன்.
talmi-gold மெல்லிய பொன் முலாம் பூசிய பித்தளை.
stream-gold நீரோட்டப் படுக்கைப் பொற்றுகள்.
mohur, gold mohur பதினைந்து ரூபாய் மதிப்புள்ள பழைய பொற்காசு.
Gold refineries தங்கத் தூவடியாலை, தங்கத்தூய்மை ஆலை
gold மஞ்சள் வண்ண மலர்ச்செடி வகை.
gold-beater மெல்லிய தங்கத்தோடு அடித்துருவாக்குபவர்.
gold-beaters-skin எருதினுடைய குடலின் புறப்பகுதி.
gold-brick தங்கப்பாளம், (பே.வ.) போலி.
gold-bug வண்டு வகை, பெருஞ்செல்வர்
gold-digger பொன்னுக்காக நிலத்தைக் கிளறுபவர்
gold-dust பொற்றுகள், ஆறு நீர்நிலைகளில் மணலிற் காணப்படும் பொன்தூசு.
gold-fever பொன் பேராசை.
gold-field தங்க வயல், பொன் செறி நிலப்பரப்பு.
gold-foil மென்பொன் தகடு.
gold-lace பொற்சரிகை.
gold-leaf மென் தங்கத்தகடு, தங்கரேக்கு.
gold-mine தங்கச் சுரங்கம், மிகு ஆதாய வழிவகை.
gold-rush புதிய தங்கவயல் நாடிச் செல்லும் மக்களின் விரைவு.
gold-size பொற்றகட்டு ஒட்டுப்பொருள்.
gold-thread பொன்னிழை, பொன்னாட நெய்ய உதவும் பொன்னுல்
gold-washer பொன்னரி தொட்டி, தங்கம் கழுவும் கலம்.
gold-wasp பளபளப்பான உலோக வண்ண வண்டு வகை.
goldfinch தித்திரி பறவை.
goldfish பொன் மீன்.
goldilocks பொன்னிறக்கிண்ண வடிவ மலர்ச்செடிவகை.
goldish சற்றே பொன் வண்ணமான.
goldplate பொற்கலத்தொகுதி.
goldsmith பொற்கொல்லர்.
dead gold மெருகிடாப் பொன்.
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
gold disc பொன் வட்டு
gold leaf electroscope பொன்னிழை மின்காட்டி
gold sphere பொற்கோளம்
gold standard treatment பொன் செந்தர மருத்துவம்
gold bullion standard பொன்கட்டித் திட்டம்
gold exchange standard பொன்மாற்றுத் திட்டம்
gold export point பொன் ஏற்றுமதிப் புள்ளி
gold market பொன் அங்காடி
gold points பொன்புள்ளி நிலைகள்
gold reserve பொன் இருப்பு
gold standard, restoration of பொன் திட்ட மீட்சி
paper gold காகித வடிவத் தங்கம்
monetary gold செலாவணித் தங்க இருப்பு
gold bars தங்கக் கட்டிகள்
gold bond தங்கப் பத்திரங்கள்
gold bullion முதலீட்டுத்தர பொற்கட்டி
gold bullion standard கையிருப்புத் தங்கக் கட்டிச் செந்தரம்
gold certificates தங்க உரிமைப் பத்திரங்கள்
gold currency standard தங்க நாணயச் செந்தரங்கள்
gold exchange standard தங்கச் செலாவணிச் செந்தரம்
gold exchange system தங்கப் பரிமாற்றமுறை
gold fixing தங்கத்தின் விலை தீர்வு செய்தல்
gold loans தங்கப் பிணையக் கடன்கள்
gold mutual fund தங்க ஊடுறவு நிதி
gold parity பொன் சம மதிப்பு, தங்க நிகர் மதிப்பு
gold reserve தங்க இருப்பு
gold standard தங்க நாணய முறை
gold standard reserve தங்கச் செந்தர ஒதுக்கீடு
fineness of gold தங்க நுண்மை (நயம்)
earmarked gold குறிக்கப்பட்ட தங்கம்
bond, gold தங்கப் பத்திரம்
gold mining தங்கச்சுரங்கப் பணி
nuggets (gold) பொன்னுருண்டைகள்
gold deposits தங்கப்படிவுகள்
gold placers தங்கக் கொழிவுப் படிவுகள்
flour gold தங்கப்பொடி
cake of gold தங்கக்கட்டி
coin gold நாணயத் தங்கம்
chryse planitia (or plains of gold) செவ்வாய்ச் சேய்மைப்பகுதி (பொற்சமவெளி)
mullet, gold spot (l. parsia) காடன் செரையா
oriole, golden மாங்குயில்
plover, gloden தங்கநிற உப்புக்கொத்தி
snake, golden tree/ flying தங்கநிற கொம்பேறிமூக்கன்
woodpecker, golden backed பொன்முதுகு மரங்கொத்தி
standard gold செம்பொன், நாணயப் பொன்
winnowing, gold பொன்பொருள் மாசுநீக்கல்
zsigmondy gold number Z சிக்மாண்டி தங்க எண்
rolled gold தங்கப்பூச்சு உலோகம்
rusty gold இரும்பு ஆக்சைடு படிவு தங்கம்
liquid bright gold நீர்ம ஒளிர்தங்கம்
gold தங்கம்
gold alloy தங்க உலோகக்கலவை
gold doping தங்கம் உள்ளிடல்
gold foil தங்க மடல்
gold metallurgy தங்க உலோகவியல்
gold number கூழ்மகாப்புத்திறன் எண்
gold plate தங்க மின்பூச்சு
gold size நுண் தயாரிப்புகள் மூடுபொருள்
gold size தங்கஇழை ஒட்டுப்பொருள்
gold-filled தங்கக்கலவை போர்த்திய
green gold பசுந்தங்க உலோகக்கலவை
flour gold தங்கப் புழுதி
free gold கலப்பிலாத் தங்கம்
free-milling gold இயல்துருவல் தங்கம்
cake of gold தங்கக் கட்டி
chromium-gold metallizing குரோமியம்-தங்கம்உலோகத்தன்மையேற்றம்
venise gold சரிகைச் சுற்றிய சணல் நூல்
tennessee gold dust பருத்தி அரசன்
twenty four carat gold fabric 24 காரட் தங்கத் துணி
spun gold தங்க நூலிழை
rolled gold தங்கமுலாம் (கொண்ட ஆபரணம்)
pure gold தூய தங்க (நூல்)
gold பொன், தங்கம்
gold filled பொன்நிறைந்த
gold leaf பொன்னிலை
gold plate தங்கப்பூச்சு, பொற்பூச்சு
gold sheet தங்கத் தூள், பொன் தூள்
gold thread பொன்னிழை, பட்டிழை
cloth of gold பொன்னாடை
black and gold marble கருப்பு, பொன்னிறச் சலவைக்கல்
artificial gold செயற்கைப் பொன்
ashrafi - gold coin தங்கநாணய வகை
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
gold சிறந்த பொருள்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
GUILDER
(Skeat) *Guilder, a Dutch coin. (Du., ̶ G.) In Shak. Com. Errors, i. 1.8; iv. 1. 4. Acorrupt form of Du. gulden, a guilder, ‘a piece of 20 stivers’ (Sewel). Hexham has Carolus gulden, ‘a Charles gilder;’ Philippus gulden, ‘a Philip’s gilder;’ the former evidently refers to Charles V., and the name of the coin is borrowed from German. ̶ G. gulden, gülden, a florin; as the name implies, the coin was at first of gold, though afterwards made of silver. The M.H.G. name was guldín, or guldín pfenninc, the golden penny (Lat. aureus denarius). Formed, with vowel-change of ο tou, and adj. suffix -in, from G. gold, gold, cognate with E. gold. See weigand. Cf. Goth. gultheins, golden, from gulth, gold.
(Chambers) guilder n. silver coin of trade; Dutch florin. 1467 gilder; earlier gyldern, gyldren (probably 1458); usually considered a mispronunciation of Middle Dutch gulden, literally, golden, from the phrase gulden florijn golden florin; cognate with Old Frisian gelden, golden, gulden, Old Saxon and Old High German guldīn, Old Icelandic gullin, and Gothic gultheins; also related to Old English gylden golden, and all derived from the same Germanic source as English gold.
(John Ayto) see Gold
guilder coin of the Netherlands. xv (guldren; later gildren, gilder). Alteration (perh. after kroner) of Du. gulden (whichwas adopted unaltered in Sc. xvi), prop. adj. of gold, golden ( = OE. gylden); see -en3.
(American Heritage) guil·der n. Abbr. g., G., gld. A basic unit of currency in Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, and Suriname. See Table at currency. [Middle English gilder, alteration of Middle Dutch gulden, golden. See ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) guilder
forms: Middle Englishguldren, 1500s gild(e)r(e)n, gylder, gelder, 1500s–1700s gilder, 1600s– guilder.
etymology: An English corrupted pronunciation of Dutch gulden: see gulden n.
- A gold coin formerly current in the Netherlands and parts of Germany. (b) A Dutch silver coin, worth in 1900 about 1s. 8d. English.
(Online Etymology) guilder (n.) Dutch gold coin, late 15c., probably from a mispronunciation of Middle Dutch gulden, literally "golden," in gulden (florijn) or some similar name for a golden coin (see golden).
guilder - கலைச்சொற்கள்
guilder பழைய ஆலந்து-செர்மன் தங்க நாணயம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
guilder சங்கத்தார்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
JAUNDICE
(Skeat) Jaundice, a disease caused by bile. (F., ̶ L.) In Shak. Merch. Ven. i. 1. 85. The d is purely excrescent, as commonly in E. words after n; cf. sound from F. son. M.E. Jaunys, Pricke of Conscience, l. 700; spelt iaundys, Trevisa, ii. 113; further corrupted to iawndres, in a 15th-cent. tr. of Higden, on the same page as the last reference. ̶ O. F. (and F.) jaunisse, so spelt in the 13th cent. (Littré); but Cot. gives it as jaulnisse, ‘the jaundies.’ Formed with suffix -isse (=Lat. -itia) from F. jaune, yellow; because the disease is characterised by yellowness of the skin and eyes. The oldest spelling of jaune is jalne (Littré). ̶ Lat. galbĭnus, also galbanus, greenish yellow. ̶ Lat. galbus, yellow. β. The origin of Lat. galbus is obscure; it is a rare word, and allied to Lat. giluus, yellow, used by Virgil, Georg. iii. 83. The likeness of Lat. galbus, giluus, to G. gelb and E. yellow is so close as to suggest that they are Latinised forms of Teutonic words; the true Lat. form being heluus, answering to Gk. χλω#ρns. see chlorine, green, yellow. Der. jaundice-ed.
(Chambers) jaundice n. disease that causes distorted vision and yellowness of the skin, eyes, etc. About 1303 jaunes, inMannyng's Handlyng Synne; later jandis (1373), and jaundys (before 1387); borrowed from Old French jaunisse, jaunice yellowness, from jaune; earlier jalne yellow, from Latin galbinus greenish-yellow; of uncertain origin. The d appears early in the spelling of this word and represents a sound analogous to the d added in the Middle English period in astound and thunder.
The figurative meaning of state of feeling in which views are colored or judgment is distorted is first recorded in 1629.
—v. cause jaundice in. 1791 (figurative use); from the noun.
(John Ayto) jaundice [14] Jaundice is literally ‘yellowness’.The word came from Old French jaunice, whichwas a derivative of the adjective jaune ‘yellow’(the d in the middle appeared towards the end ofthe 14th century). The derived adjectivejaundiced [17] originally meant simply ‘suffering from jaundice’, but the association ofthe yellowish colour with bitterness and envysoon produced the figurative meaning familiartoday. → yellow
(Onions) jaundice disease markedby yellowness of the skin, etc. xiv. - OF. jaunice (mod. -isse) 'yellowness', f. jauneyellow (:- L. galbinu-s, f. galbus, ult. rel. to yellow)+-ice :- L. –ītia.
(American Heritage) jaun・dice n. Yellowish discoloration of the whites of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes caused by deposition of bile salts in these tissues. It occurs as a symptom of various diseases, such as hepatitis, that affect the processing of bile. Also called icterus — v. tr. jaun・diced, jaun・dic・ing, jaun・dic・es. 1. To affect with jaundice. 2. To affect with envy, jealousy, prejudice, or hostility. See Synonyms at bias. [Middle English jaundis, jaunis, from Old French jaunice, yellowness, jaundice, from jaune, jalne, yellow, from Latin galbinus, yellowish.]
(OED) jaundice
forms: α. Middle English–1500s iaunes, iawnes, Middle English iaunys, iaunyce, 1800s dialect jaunis, jaunus. β. Middle English–1600s iaund-, Middle English iawnd-, Middle English–1600s iand-, 1500s gaund-, giaund-, 1600s gand-, 1600s–1700s jand-, Middle English–1500s -is, -ys, Middle English–1500s -yes, -es, -yce, 1500s–1600s -ies, -ise, eis, 1600s -ize, 1600s– jaundice. γ. Middle English iawndres; 1500s–1600s iaun-, ian-, 1600s (1800s dialect) jaun-, janders.
etymology: Middle English < French jaunice, jaunisse, in 12th cent. jalnice (Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), lit. ‘yellowness’, <jalne, jaune yellow: see -ice suffix1. The d in the form jaundice is a phonetic accretion as in astound, sound, thunder, etc. The ending of the word in -s led to its frequent treatment from the 15th cent., and especially in the 17th, as a plural in -yes, -ies, -ers, as in other plural names of diseases, compare measles, mumps, glanders.
1.a. A morbid condition caused by obstruction of the bile, and characterized by yellowness of the conjunctiva, skin, fluids, and tissues, and by constipation, loss of appetite, and weakness.
- Applied to other diseases in which the skin is discoloured or which resemble jaundice in some way, as white jaundice = chlorosis n.; blue jaundice = cyanosis n.
†2. A disease of trees, in which there is discolouration of the leaves. Cf. icterus n. 1b. Obsolete.
- 3. transferred and figurative. In various phrases referring to the colour and reputed yellow or disordered vision of jaundiced persons.
(Online Etymology) jaundice (n.) "morbid condition characterized by yellowish skin and eyes (caused by bile pigments in the blood)," c. 1300, jaunis, from Old French jaunice, earlier jalnice, "yellowness" (12c.), from jaune/jalne "yellow," from Latin galbinus "greenish yellow" (also source of Italian giallo), extended form of galbus, which probably is from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow." With unetymological -d-(compare sound (n.1)).
jaundice -கலைச்சொற்கள்
jaundice செங்கண்மாரி
epidemic jaundice பரவும்-செங்கண்மாரி
dissociated jaundice பிரிவுற்ற-செங்கண்மாரி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
jaundice மஞ்சட் காமாலைநோய், பார்வைக்கோளாறு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
Jaundice மஞ்சள் காமாலை
-ஆட்சிச் சொல்லகராதி (2015)
physilogical jaundice தான்தோன்றி மறையும் காமாலை
psysiological jaundice உடலியக்க காமாலை
obstructive jaundice அடைப்பு வகை காமாலை
obstructive or cholestatic jaundice பித்தநீர் அடைப்புக் காமாலை
jaundice மஞ்சட்காமாலை, மஞ்சள் காமாலை
infective jaundice தொற்றுக்காமாலை
haemolytic jaundice இரத்த அழிவுக் காமாலை, குருதிச்சிதைவு காமாலை
hemolytic jaundice குருதிச்சிதைவுக் காமாலை
breast milk jaundice தாய்ப்பால் காமாலை
obstructive jaundice அடைப்பு மஞ்சள்காமாலை
jaundice செங்கண்மாரி, காமாலை
jaundice (grasserie) பால்நோய், மஞ்சள் காமாலை
obstructive jaundice அடைப்புக் காமாலை
neonatal jaundice குழவி மஞ்சள் காமாலை
jaundice மஞ்சள்காமாலை
infective jaundice தொற்றத்தகு காமாலை
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
MELANCHOLIC
(Chambers) see melancholy
(Onions) see melancholy
(American Heritage) mel・an・chol・ic adj. 1. Affected with or subject to melancholy. 2. Of or relating to melancholia.
(OED) melancholic
forms: Middle English malancolik, Middle English malancolike, Middle English malecolyk, Middle English malencolik, Middle English malencolyk, Middle English malencolyke, Middle English malincolic, Middle English malincolik, Middle English melancolik, Middle English melancolique, Middle English melencolik, Middle English melencolyk, Middle English–1500s melancolike, Middle English–1500s melancolyk, 1500s malencolike, 1500s malincolyke, 1500s mallencollike, 1500s melanchollike, 1500s melancholyke, 1500s melancolyke, 1500s melencolyke, 1500s–1600s melancholicke, 1500s–1600s melancholik, 1500s–1600s melancholike, 1500s–1600s melancholique, 1500s– melancholick (now archaic), 1600s malencholik, 1600s melanchollick, 1600s melanchollique, 1600s melancholyk, 1600s melancollick, 1600s– melancholic; Scottish pre-1700 malancolik, pre-1700 melancholike, pre-1700 melancolic, pre-1700 melancolike.
origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin.
etymons: French melancolique; Latin melancholicus.
etymology: < (i) Middle French melancolique (late 13th cent. in Old French as adjective, early 14th cent. as noun; French mélancholique), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin melancholicus< ancient Greek μελαγχολικός <μελαγχολία melancholy n.1 + -ικός -ic suffix.
- a. adj.
†1. Medieval Medicine
- Designating, relating to, or containing black bile, one of the cardinal humours (cf. melancholy n.1 2). Of food, atmospheric or planetary influence, etc.: tending to cause the formation of black bile. Obsolete.
- Of a disease, etc.: resulting from or characteristic of black bile. Obsolete.
- Of a person, his or her temperament, actions, etc. Originally: †dominated or characterized by an excess of black bile (cf. melancholy n.1 2); sullen, unsociable, given to causeless anger, brooding (obsolete). Later: liable to melancholy; depressed, gloomy, mournful.
- Expressive of melancholy or sadness.
- Causing melancholy or depression; saddening, depressing. Now rare.
- Relating to, characteristic of, or affected with melancholy, sadness, or (Medicine) depression.
- n.
- Originally: †a person affected by or liable to be affected by an excess of black bile; a person having a sullen, unsociable, or brooding temperament (obsolete). Later: a person suffering from or prone to melancholia, sadness, or (Medicine) depression.
†2. Depression of spirits, melancholy. Occasionally in plural. Obsolete.
†3. Black bile. Obsolete.
(Online Etymology) melancholic (adj.) late 14c., "containing black bile," a physiological sense now obsolete, from melancholy + -ic, or else from from Late Latin melancholicus, from Greek melankholikos "choleric," from melankholia "sadness," literally "(excess of) black bile" (see melancholy). Of persons or temperaments, "affected with melancholia, habitually gloomy," by 1789. The earlier adjective formation in Middle English was melancholian (mid-14c.), and melancholiac (mid-19c.) also was tried.
melancholic - கலைச்சொற்கள்
melancholic அழுமூஞ்சித்தனமான
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
melancholic மனச்சோர்வுடைய, துயரார்ந்த, நிலை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
MELANCHOLY
(Skeat) Melancholy, depression or dejection of spirits, sadness. (F., ̶ L., ̶ Gk.) Supposed to be caused by an excess of black bile; whence the name. M.E. melancolie, Gower, C. A. i. 39; cf. ‘engendred of humours melancholike, Chaucer, C. Τ. 1377. ̶ O.F. melancholie, ‘melancholy, black choler;’ Cot. ̶ Lat. melancholia. ̶ Gk. μελαγχολία, melancholy. ̶ Gk. μελάγχολος, jaundiced, filled with black bile. ̶ Gk. μέλαν-, stem of μέλας, black, dark, gloomy (allied to Skt. mala, dirty, malina, black); and χολή, bile, cognate with E. Gall, q.v. Der. melanchol-ic, O. F. melancholique, ‘melancholick’ (Cot.), from Lat. melancholicus.
(Chambers) melancholy (mel´ǝnkol´ē) n. About 1303 malyncoly mental disorder characterized by depression, in Mannyng’s Handlyng Synne; later melancolie (before 1398, in Trevisa's translation of Bartholomew's De Pro-prietatibus Rerum); borrowed from Old French melancolie,malencolie, learned borrowing from Late Latin, and borrowed directly from Late Latin melancholia, from Greek melancholiā sadness, (excess of) black bile (mélās, genitive mélanos black + cholḗ bile; see melanin and cholera) In medieval times melancholy was thought to be caused by an excess of black bile, a secretion of the spleen in a condition associated with jaundice
The Old French variant malencolie was formed by alse association with mal sickness (from Latin malum an evil).
—adj. 1392 malancolie mixed with or caused by black bile, gloomy or sad of temperament; later melancolie probably before 1425); from the noun. (Note that as ate as the end of the 1300’s the form was still influenced by its early association with mal.)
—melancholic adj. About 1385 malencolyk, in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales; formed from Middle English malencoly (earlier malyncoly) melancholy + -ic.
(John Ayto) melancholy [14] Etymologically, melancholy means ‘black gall’. The word comes via Old French melancolie and late Latin melancholia from Greek melagkholíā, a compound formed from mélās ‘black’ (source also of English melanin [19] and melanoma [19]) and kholḗ ‘bile’ (a relative of English gall). This ‘blackbile’ was one of the four bodily substances or ‘humours’ whose relative preponderance, according to medieval medical theory, determined a person’s physical and mental state. Excess of black bile was thought to cause depression – hence the modern meaning of melancholy. ® gall, melanoma
(Onions) melancholy me·lənkəli, -ŋk- †morbid condition of having too much ‘black bile’; †ill-temper; sadness and depression. xiv (Ch.). ̶ (O)F. mélancolie ( = Pr., Sp., It. melancolia) – late (medical) L. melancholia ̶ Gr. melagkholiā, f. melan-, mélās+kholḗ bile; see prec., gall1 -y3. So melancho·lic. xiv (Ch.). ̶ (O)F. ̶ L. melancholicus (Cicero, citing Aristotle) ̶ Gr. melancho·lious. xiv (Wyclif, Ch.). ̶ OF. melancolieus. Both adjs. were gen. superseded by an adj. use of the sb. (xvi), the termination of which suggests an adj. formation; cf. dainty.
(American Heritage) mel・an・chol・y n. 1. Sadness or depression of the spirits; gloom: “There is melancholy in the wind and sorrow in the grass” (Charles Kuralt). 2. Pensive reflection or contemplation. 3. Archaic. a. Black bile. b. An emotional state characterized by sullenness and outbreaks of violent anger, believed to arise from black bile. — adj. 1. Affected with or marked by depression of the spirits; sad. See Synonyms at sad. 2. Tending to promote sadness or gloom: a letter with some melancholy news. 3. Pensive; thoughtful. [Middle English melancolie, from Old French, from Late Latin melancholia, from Greek melankholia: melas, melan-, black + khole$, bile; see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(OED) melancholy
forms: Middle English malancoli, Middle English malancolie, Middle English malancolye, Middle English malecolie, Middle English malecoly, Middle English malencholye, Middle English malencoli, Middle English malencolie, Middle English malencolly, Middle English malencolye, Middle English malicoli, Middle English malicoly, Middle English mallencolye, Middle English malycoly, Middle English malycolye, Middle English malyncolie, Middle English malyncolye, Middle English melincoly, Middle English–1500s malancoly, Middle English–1500s malencoly, Middle English–1500s mallancoly, Middle English–1500s malyncoly, Middle English–1500s melancolie, Middle English–1500s melancolye, Middle English–1600s malincoly, Middle English–1600s melancholie, Middle English–1600s melancholye, Middle English–1600s melancoly, 1500s malancollie, 1500s malencollie, 1500s mallincocolie (transmission error), 1500s melacholy, 1500s melancholi, 1500s melencolye, 1500s–1700s melancholly, 1500s– melancholy, 1600s malincholy, 1600s mallicholie, 1600s mallicholly, 1600s melencholy, 1600s mellancholly, 1600s (1800s– English regional) malancholy; Scottish pre-1700 malancole, pre-1700 malancolie, pre-1700 malancoly, pre-1700 malancolye, pre-1700 malincolie, pre-1700 mallancoly, pre-1700 maloncolie, pre-1700 melancholie, pre-1700 melancolie, pre-1700 melancollie, pre-1700 melancoly, pre-1700 melankolie, pre-1700 mellencoly, pre-1700 merancolie, pre-1700 1700s– melancholy, 1800s– milankily, 1900s– melankoli; Irish English 1700s malancholy.
origin: A borrowing from French.
etymons: French malencolie, melancolie.
etymology: < Anglo-Norman malencolie, malancolie, melancolie, melencolie and Middle French melancolie (c1180 in Old French; French mélancolie) < post-classical Latin melancholia (5th cent.; already in classical Latin as a Greek loanword) < ancient Greek μελαγχολία condition of having black bile <μελαν- (see melano- comb. form) + χολή bile (compare choler n.) + -ία -ia suffix1. Compare Old Occitan melancolia, melanconia (13th cent.), Spanish melancolía (1490; 1251 as malenconía), Italian malinconia (late 13th cent.; c1243 as mellenconia), Middle High German melancolia, melancoli, melancolei (14th cent.; German Melancholie), Middle Dutch melancolie, merancolie, mirancolie (Dutch melancholie), Swedish melankoli (1557). Compare melancholia n.
†1. Ill temper, sullenness, brooding, anger. Obsolete.
2.a. Black bile, one of the four chief fluids or cardinal humours recognized by ancient and medieval physiologists (see humour n. 1a). Formerly also called choler adust. Now historical.
- Medicine. Originally: a pathological condition thought to result from an excess of black bile in the body, characterized in early references by sullenness, ill temper, brooding, causeless anger, and unsociability, and later by despondency and sadness. Later: severe depression, melancholia. Now archaic and historical.
3.a. Sadness, dejection, esp. of a pensive nature; gloominess; pensiveness or introspection; an inclination or tendency to this. Also: †perturbation (obsolete).
- A cause of sadness; an annoyance, anxiety, or vexation. Usually in plural. Now rare (chiefly U.S.).
- A mood, state, or episode of sadness, dejection, or introspection. Formerly frequently in plural.
- Tender, sentimental, or reflective sadness; sadness giving rise to or considered as a subject for poetry, sentimental reflection, etc., or as a source of aesthetic pleasure.
- Sullenness, anger, or sadness personified.
†5. A short literary composition (usually poetical) of a sad or mournful character. Obsolete. rare.
(Online Etymology) melancholy (n.) c. 1300, melancolie, malencolie, "mental disorder characterized by sullenness, gloom, irritability, and propensity to causeless and violent anger," from Old French melancolie "black bile; ill disposition, anger, annoyance" (13c.), from Late Latin melancholia, from Greek melankholia "sadness," literally (excess of) "black bile," from melas (genitive melanos) "black" (see melano-) + khole "bile" (see cholera).
melancholy - கலைச்சொற்கள்
melancholy மனச்சோர்வு, அவலம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
melancholy சோகம்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
YELLOW
(Skeat) Yellow, of a bright golden colour. (E.) M.E. yelwe, Chaucer, C. T. 2168, 2172. Also spelt 3elu, 3eoluh, &c.; Stratmann. ̶ Α.S. geolo, geolu (acc. fem. geolwe), Grein, i. 497. + Du. geel. + G. gelb, O. H. G. gelo, kelo. β. The Teut. type is gelwa, Fick, iii. 103. Further allied to Gk. χλόη, the young verdure of trees; Lat. heluus, light yellow; the Aryan type being ghelwa, yellow. ̶ √GHAL, for GHAR, to be green, to be yellow, Fick, i. 579; whence also Green, Gall (I), and Gold. Der. yellow-ness; yellow fever, a malignant fever that often turns the skin yellow; yellow-ish, spelt yelowysshe in Palsgrave; yellow-ish-ness. Also yellow-hammer, q. v.
(Chambers) yellow adj. having a yellow color. About 1380-85 yelowe, yelwe, in writings of Chaucer; developed from Old English geolu, geolwe (about 725, in Beowulf); cognate with Old Saxon gelo yellow, Middle Dutch ghēle (modern Dutch geel), Old High German gelo (modern German gelb), and Old Icelandic gulr (Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish gul), from Proto-Germanic *ӡelwaz. Cognates outside Germanic are found in Latin helvus dull yellow, Greek chlóos,chlōrós greenish yellow, Lithuanian žeĩvas, žaĩvas greenish, Old Slavic žlŭtŭ yellow, Avestan zari- yellow, and Sanskrit hári-s yellowish, from Indo-European *ĝhel-, ĝhlō- (Pok. 429). Related to GALL1 (bile) and GOLD. —n. About 1390 yelow, in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales; from the adjective. —v. turn yellow. 1598, from the adjective. —yellow fever (1739, American English) — yellowish adj. 1379, formed from Middle English yelow yellow + -ish1. — yellowjacket kind of wasp (1796, American English). — yellow pages special section of a catalog or directory (1908).
(John Ayto) yellow [OE] Yellow is a member of an ancient and widespread family of European colourterms descended from Indo-European *ghel-, *ghol-, which denoted both ‘yellow’ and ‘green’. From it were descended Latin helvus ‘yellowish’ and possibly galbus ‘greenish-yellow’ (source of French jaune ‘yellow’ and English jaundice), Greek kholḗ ‘bile’ (source of English choleric, melancholy, etc), Russian zheltyj ‘yellow’, Lithuanian geltonas ‘yellow’, and English gall and gold. In the Germanic languages it has produced German gelb, Dutch gel, Swedish and Danish gul, and English yellow. A yolk [OE] is etymologically a ‘yellow’substance. ® Choleric, Gall, Gold, Jaundice, Melancholy, Yolk
(Onions) yellow je·lou of the colour of gold, yolk of egg, buttercups OE. †jealous xvii; in phr. y.press sensational xix. OE. ġeolu, -o = OS. gelo, (M)LG. geel, MDu. gel(e)u, geel, OHG. gelo (Du. gel, G. gelb) :- WGerm. *gelwa:- IE.*ghelwo-, rel. to L. helvus. Gr. khlóos, khlóē, Lith. želvas. Cf. gall1, gold. sb. xiv.
(American Heritage) yel·low n. 1. a. Abbr. yel. Color. The hue of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between orange and green, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 570 to 590 nanometers; any of a group of colors of a hue resembling that of ripe lemons and varying in lightness and saturation; one of the subtractive primaries; one of the psychological primary hues. b. A pigment or dye having this hue. c. Something that has this hue. 2. Chiefly Southern U.S. The yolk of an egg. 3. Western U.S. Gold. Used formerly by prospectors. 4. yellows. Any of various plant diseases usually caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium or viruses of the genus Chlorogenus and characterized by yellow or yellowish discoloration. — adj. yel·low·er, yel·low·est. 1. Color. Of the color yellow. 2. a. Having a yellow-brown skin color. b. Offensive. Of or being a person of Asian origin. 3. Slang. Cowardly. — v. tr. intr. yel·lowed, yel·low·ing, yel·lows. To make or become yellow: documents that had been yellowed by age; clouds that yellow in the evening light. [Middle English yelow, from Old English geolu. see ghel-2in Appendix.]
(Online Etymology) yellow (adj.) Middle English yelwe, from Old English geolu, geolwe, "yellow," from Proto-Germanic *gelwaz (source also of Old Saxon, Old High German gelo, Middle Dutch ghele, Dutch geel, Middle High German gel, German gelb, Old Norse gulr, Swedish gul "yellow"), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green" and "yellow" (such as Greek khlōros "greenish-yellow," Latin helvus "yellowish, bay").
ZLOTY
(John Ayto) see Gold
(American Heritage) zlo·ty n. pl. zloty or zlo·tys. Abbr. Zl A basic unit of currency in Poland. See Table at currency. [Polish zlłoty, golden, zloty, from zlłoto, gold. See ghel-2 in Appendix.]
(OED) zloty
forms: Plural unchanged, zlotys.
etymology: < Polish złoty, <złoto gold, cognate with Russian zóloto: see gold n.1 and adj.
(a) A gold or silver coin of monarchic Poland. (b) The monetary unit of the Polish republic; a note or coin of the republican currency.
(Online Etymology) zloty (n.) monetary unit of Poland, 1842, from Polish złoty, literally "of gold," from złoto "gold," related to Russian zoloto, Czech zlato "gold," from suffixed form of PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting gold (the "bright" metal); see gold.
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வ.எண்
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சொல்
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வேர்ச்சொல் அமைப்பு
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பொருள்
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1.
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ARSENIC
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"yellow arsenic, arsenic trisulphide,"
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2.
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CHLOE
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from PIE *ghlo- variant of root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"young green shoot;
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3.
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CHLORAL
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See chlorine
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"colorless liquid formed by the action of chlorine on alcohol,"
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4.
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CHLORIDE
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See chlorine
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"compound of chlorine and another element,"
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5.
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CHLORINATE
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See chlorine
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"to combine or treat with chlorine,"
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6.
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CHLORINE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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nonmetallic element
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7.
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CHLORO-
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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word-forming element used in chemistry
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8.
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CHLOROFLUROCARBON
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See chloro-
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Any of various halocarbon compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine
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9.
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CHLOROFORM
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see chlorine
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volatile, colorless liquid used as an anaesthetic
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10.
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CHLOROPHYLL
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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green-colored stuff in plants
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11.
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CHLOROPLAST
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see chloro-
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"a chlorophyll granule"
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12.
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CHOLECYST
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"gall bladder,"
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13.
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CHOLER
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see cholera
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"bile,"
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14.
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CHOLERA
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"bile, melancholy"
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15.
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CHOLERIC
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"bilious of temperament or complexion,"
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16.
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CHOLESTEROL
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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white, solid substance present in body tissues
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17.
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CHOLINERGIC
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see cholera
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name of a basic substance abundant in bile
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18.
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CLORIS
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"greenness, freshness,"
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19.
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GALL
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"bile, liver secretion,"
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20.
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GILD
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see gold
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"to gild, to cover with a thin layer of gold,"
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21.
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GLAD
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"bright, shining, gleaming; joyous; pleasant, gracious"
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22.
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GLANCE
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see glint (v.)
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"strike obliquely without giving full impact,"
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23.
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GLARE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"to shine brightly,"
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24.
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GLASS
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"glass; a glass vessel,"
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25.
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GLAZE
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see glass (n.)
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"to fit with glass,"
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26.
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GLAZIER
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see glass (n.)
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"one who fits window glass into frames,"
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27.
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GLEAM
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"a brilliant light; brightness; splendor, radiance, beauty,"
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28.
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GLEE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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entertainment, mirth, jest, play, sport
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29.
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GLIB
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"smooth and slippery,"
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30.
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GLIDE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"move along smoothly and easily; glide away, vanish; slip, slide"
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31.
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GLIMMER
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(see gleam (n.)
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"to shine brightly;"
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32.
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GLIMPSE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"to glisten, be dazzling,"
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33.
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GLINT
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"gleam, flash, glisten"
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34.
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GLISSADE
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see glide(v.)
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"to slip, slide"
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35.
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GLISTEN
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"to glisten, gleam,"
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36.
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GLISTER
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"to glitter, sparkle,"
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37.
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GLITCH
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see glide (v.)
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"a slip,"
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38.
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GLITTER
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from root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"sparkling or scintillating light,"
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39.
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GLITZY
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see glitter (v.)
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"tawdry, gaudy, showy but in bad taste,"
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40.
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GLOAMING
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see glow (v.)
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"twilight, the fall of evening,"
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41.
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GLOAT
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine."
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"to look at furtively,"
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42.
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GLOSS
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see glow (v.)
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"glistening smoothness, luster,"
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43.
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GLOW
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"to glow, shine as if red-hot,"
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44.
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GLOWER
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see glow (v.)
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"to shine;"
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45.
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GOLD
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"precious metal noted for its color, luster, malleability, and freedom from rust or tarnish,"
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46.
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GUILDER
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See gold (n.)
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Dutch gold coin
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47.
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JAUNDICE
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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morbid condition characterized by yellowish skin and eyes
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48.
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MELANCHOLIC
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see melancholy
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"containing black bile,"
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49.
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MELANCHOLY
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see cholera
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"mental disorder characterized by sullenness, gloom, irritability, and propensity to causeless and violent anger,"
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50.
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YELLOW
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from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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Color.
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51.
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ZLOTY
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from suffixed form of PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine,"
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"of gold,"
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*gwher-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to heat, warm."
It forms all or part of: brand; brandish; brandy; brimstone; brindled; forceps; Fornax; fornicate; fornication; fornix; furnace; hypothermia; thermal; thermo-; Thermopylae; Thermos.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit gharmah "heat;" Old Persian Garmapada-, name of the fourth month, corresponding to June/July, from garma- "heat;" Hittite war- "to burn;" Armenian jerm "warm;" Greek thermos "warm;" Latin formus "warm," fornax "oven;" Old Irish fogeir "heated;" Old English bærnan "to kindle."
BRAND
(Skeat) Brand, a burning piece of wood; a mark made by fire; a sword. (E.) M.E. brond, burning wood, Chaucer, C.T. 1340; a sword, Will. of Palerne, 1. 1244. ̶ A. S. brand, brond, a burning, a sword. Grein, i. 135. + Icel. brandr, a fire-brand, a sword-blade. + Du. brand, a burning, fuel (cf. O. Du. brand, a sword; Oudemans). + Swed. and Dan. brand, a fire-brand, fire. + M.H.G. brant, a brand, a sword. [The sense is (1) a burning; (2) a fire-brand; (3) a sword-blade, from its brightness.] β. From A.S. brinnan, to burn. see burn.
(Chambers) brand n. Before 1325, northern Middle English brand, in Cursor Mundi; earlier, brond (probably before 1200, in Ancrene Riwle, but not fully replaced by brand until the 1500’s); found in Old English brond, brand piece of burning wood, firebrand, blade of a sword, in allusion to its glint (about 725, in Beowulf). The Old English is cognate with Old Frisian brand, Old High German brant brand, sword (modern German Brand), and Old Icelandic brandr (Swedish, Danish brand), from Proto-Germanic *brandaz, earlier *branđás, Gothic brinnan burn (bran in past tense), and thereby related through Proto-Germanic *brenwanan to Old English beornan, byrnan be on fire; see burn.
The meaning “a sign or mark, as of ownership, made by burning with a hot iron” appeared in 1552; this meaning evolved into “a trademark” applied to goods (1827), and in turn to a particular sort or class of goods, as indicated by the trademark on them (1854).
—v. 1422, to set on fire; later, to burn with a hot iron (1440, in Promptorium Parvulorum); from the noun.
(John Ayto) brand [OE] A brand was originally a ‘piece of burning wood’; the word comes from West and North Germanic *brandaz, a derivative of the same base (*bran-, *bren-) as produced burn, brandy, and perhaps broil. In the 16th century it came to be applied to an ‘(identifying) mark made with a hot iron’, which provided the basis for the modern sense ‘particular make of goods’, a 19th-century development. A specialized (now archaic) sense of the word in English and other Germanic languages was ‘sword’ (perhaps from the flashing sword blade’s resemblance to aburning stick). This was borrowed into Vulgar Latin as *brando, and its derived verb *brandīre came into English via Old French as brandish [14].
Brand-new [16] may be from the notion of emerging pristine from the furnace. ® Brandish, Brandy, Broil, Burn
(Onions) Brand1 piece of burning wood OE.; mark made with a hot iron; stigma xvi;trade-mark; class of goods xix. OE. brand = OFris., (M)Du. brand, OHG. brant (G.brand), ON. brandr :- CGerm. (exc. Goth.)*brandaz, f. *bran- *bren- burn2+abstr.suffix *-pa- (:-IE.*-to-). Hence brand vb. to burn xiv.
(American Heritage) brand n. 1. a. A trademark or distinctive name identifying a product ora manufacturer. b. A product line so identified: a popular brand of soap. c. Adistinctive category; a particular kind: a brand of comedy that I do not care for.2. A mark indicating identity or ownership, burned on the hide of an animal witha hot iron. 3. A mark burned into the flesh of criminals. 4. A mark of disgraceor notoriety; a stigma. See Synonyms at stain. 5. A branding iron. 6. A piece ofburning or charred wood. 7. A sword: “So flashed and fell the brand Excalibur” (Tennyson). — v. tr. brand・ed, brand・ing, brands. 1. To mark with or as ifwith a hot iron. See Synonyms at mark1. 2. To mark with disgrace or infamy; stigmatize. 3. To impress firmly; fix ineradicably: Imagery of the war has brandeditself into the national consciousness. [Middle English, torch, from Old English. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) brand
forms: Also Old English–1600s brond(e, Middle English bront, broond, Middle English bronnd, 1500s Scottish broynd, 1600s bran, 1800s dialect bron.
origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
etymology: Common Germanic: Old English brand, brǫnd = Old Frisian brand (Middle Dutch bran(d), Dutch brand ) Old High German, Middle High German brant (modern German brand), Old Norse brand-r < Germanic *brando-z, < bran- preterite stem of *brinn-an to burn v.1 + suffix -do, as in word n.
- Act, means, or result of burning.
†1. Burning, conflagration, destruction by fire.
- A piece of wood that is or has been burning on the hearth; also poetic a torch, a match or linstock (see quot. 1810).
- transferred and figurative.
†a. collective or in plural. The fire on the hearth. Obsolete or dialect.
- a brand from the burning or from the fire (in allusion to Zechariah 3:2 and Amos 4:11): a person delivered from imminent danger.
- The torches of Cupid and the Furies.
- Jove's or God's brand: the lightning. Phoebus' brand: the burning rays of the sun. With a blending of the sense ‘weapon’: (cf. Milton's ‘flaming brand’ of the archangel in Paradise Lost xii. 643).
- Applied to persons. Cf. firebrand n. 3.
4.a. The mark made by burning with a hot iron.
- figurative. A sign or mark, sometimes in a general sense, but usually (with reference to the practice of branding criminals) conveying the idea of disgrace; a stigma, a mark of infamy.
- A trademark, whether made by burning or otherwise. (Applied to trademarks on casks of wines or liquors, timber, metals, and any description of goods except textile fabrics.)
- spec. A mark of ownership impressed on cattle, horses, etc., by branding. Also attributive and in other combinations, as brand blotter n. one who steals cattle and obliterates the ownership-marks. Chiefly U.S.
- A steer or other animal bearing a particular brand-mark. U.S.
- An iron instrument for making marks by burning, or (quot. 1828) for cauterizing a wound.
- (transferred from sense 4c.) A particular sort or class of goods, as indicated by the trademarks on them.
- A species of blight in plants, causing the leaves and young shoots to look as though they were burnt; called also burn n.3 (cf. German brand).
- Senses relating to swords.
- The blade of a sword or similar weapon, and hence (like ‘blade’) the sword itself. [So also in Icelandic and in later times in Old French and Middle High German brant: possibly from its flashing in the light.]
†a. Blade, weapon. Obsolete (except as in sense 8b).
- A sword. (Cf. the poetical use of ‘blade’.) A poetical use, though in the 19th century writers of romance used it as an archaism in prose.
(Online Etymology) brand (n.) Old English brand, brond "fire, flame, destruction by fire; firebrand, piece of burning wood, torch," and (poetic) "sword," from Proto-Germanic *brandaz "a burning" (source also of Old Norse brandr, Old High German brant, Old Frisian brond "firebrand; blade of a sword," German brand "fire"), from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm."
brand -கலைச்சொற்கள்
dust brand தூசுக்குறி
brand தகமைவகை
brand வணிகக்குறி
brand எரிதழும்பு
branding iron சூட்டுக்கோல்
brand name வணிகப் பெயர்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
fire-brand எரிகொள்ளி, எரியும் மரத்துண்டு
dust-brand பயிர்நோய் வகை
brand கொள்ளிக்கட்டை, சூட்டுக்கோல்
brand-new புத்தம் புதிய, அறப்புதிதான
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
Brand சூட்டுக் குறி
-ஆட்சிச் சொல்லகராதி (2015)
brand வகை, வணிகச்சின்னம், சுட்டுக்குறி, அடையாளமிடு
brand தொழிற்சின்னம், வணிகப் பொறிப்பு
fire brand எரிகொள்ளி
brand தரவகை, வணிகக்குறி, தொழிற்குறியாக்கம்
brand asset valuator வணிகக்குறி சொத்து மதிப்பீட்டாளர்
brand identity prism வணிகக்குறி தனித்தன்மைப் பட்டகம்
brand image வணிகப்பெயர் மனப்படிமம்
brand loyalty வணிகச்சின்னம் பெறும் ஏற்புநிலை
brand management வணிகச்சின்ன மேலாண்மை
brand mapping வணிகப்பெயர் திட்டமிடல்
brand name வணிகப்பெயர்
brand personality வணிகச்சின்னத் தனித்தன்மை
brand recall வணிகப்பெயர் நினைவுகூரல்
brand recognition வணிகச்சின்னம் அடையாளம் காணல், வணிகப்பெயர் அடையாளம் காணல்
brand valuation வணிகச்சின்னத்தின் மதிப்பு
brand, secondary and tertiary இரண்டாவது, மூன்றாவது வணிகப் பெயர்
brandy திராட்சைச் சாராயம்
brand நிறுவனஅடையாளம்
brand name நிறுவனஅடையாளப்பெயர்
brand iron கம்பியடுப்பு, சூட்டுக்கோல்
individual brand தனியர்ச் சின்னம்
brand தொழிற்சின்னம்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
brand அடையாளம்
brand name குறியிட்டுப்பெயர்
brand loyalty வாணிபப் பெயர்ப் பற்று
-வணிகவியல் அகராதி (1994)
Brand சூட்டுக்குறி குழாம், கொள்ளிக் கட்டை
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
BRANDISH
(Skeat) Brandish, to shake a sword, &c. (F., ̶ Scand.) In Shak. Macb. i. 2.7; &c. M.E. braundisen, to brandish a sword; Will. of Palerne, 3294, 2322. ̶ F. brandir (pres. pt. brandissant), to cast or hurl with violence, to shake, to brandish; Cot. ̶ O. F. brand, a sword, properly a Norman F. form; it occurs in Vie de St. Auban, ed. Atkinson, ll. 1234, 1303, 1499, 1838. Of Scandinavian origin; see Brand. β. The more usual O. F. brant answers to the O. H. G. form. ¶ I think we may rest content with this, because brandish is so closely connected with the idea of sword. The difficulty is, that there exists also F. branler, to shake, of unknown origin, according to Brachet. But Brachet accepts the above derivation of brandir; and Littré treats branler as equivalent to O. F. brandeler, a frequentative form of brander, which is another form of brandir. See Brawl (2)
(Chambers) brandish v. wave or shake threateningly. About 1340 braundishen, borrowed from Old French brandiss-, stem of brandir, from brand, brant sword, from Frankish (compare Old High German brant sword); see brand; for suffix see -ish2.
(John Ayto) see Brand
(Onions) brandish wave about, flourish.XIV. - (O)F. brandiss-, lengthened stem ofbrandir = Pr. brandir (whence Sp. blandir, Pg. brandir, blandir), It. brandire :-Rom.*brandire, f. *brandaz sword, brand2; see -ish 2.
(American Heritage) bran・dish v. tr. bran・dished, bran・dish・ing, bran・dish・es. 1. To wave or flourish (a weapon, for example) menacingly. 2. To display ostentatiously. See Synonyms at flourish. — n. A menacing or defiant wave or flourish. [Middle English brandissen, from Old French brandir, brandiss-, from brand, sword, of Germanic origin. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) brandish
forms: Middle English braundis, -ise(n, -ish, -issh, -ysch, -ische, Middle English brawndesche, branych( Cath. Angl.), Middle English–1500s brandiss, brandissh, brandisch, 1500s Scottish brandeis, Middle English– brandish.
Etymology: < French brandiss- lengthened stem of French brandir, a common Romanic word (Latin type *brandīre ), < Germanic brand n. 8, a sword.
1.a. transitive. To flourish, wave about (a sword, spear, dart, club, or other manual weapon) by way of threat or display, or in preparation for action.
- b. figurative.
- To flourish about, move vigorously (the limbs, the head, etc.); also used of a snake darting out its tongue, of a lion flourishing its tail, etc. Somewhat archaic, if not obsolete.
2.absol. To flourish one's weapons or limbs; to make a flourish or display; to swagger.
- intransitive (for reflexive). Of a sword, = To be brandished.
†4.a. transitive. Of the sun or other luminary: To dart forth, scatter (rays of light); also (rarely) to irradiate, render luminous. Obsolete.
†b. intransitive. To glitter, gleam, flash, coruscate.
(Online Etymology) brandish (v.) "move or raise," as a weapon, mid-14c., from Old French brandiss-, present participle stem of brandir "to flourish (a sword)" (12c.), from brant "blade of a sword, prow of a ship," which is from Frankish or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz "a burning," from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm." Spanish blandir, Italian brandire are likewise from Germanic. Related: Brandished; brandishing.
brandish -கலைச்சொற்கள்
brandish சுழற்றுதல்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
brandish வீசுதல், ஆட்டுதல்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
bran`dish அச்சம் ஏற்படச் சுழற்றிக் காட்டு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
BRANDY
(Skeat) Brandy, an ardent spirit. (Dutch.) Formerly called brandy- wine, brand-wine, from the former of which brandy was formed by dropping the last syllable. Brand-wine occurs in Beaum. and Fletcher, Beggars’ Bush, iii. 1. ̶ Du. brandewijn, brandy; lit. burnt wine; sometimes written brandtwijn. ̶ Du. brandt, gebrandt (full form gebrandet), burnt; and wijn, wine. β. The Dutch branden, lit. to burn, also meant to distil, whence Du. brander, a distiller, branderij, a distillery; hence the sense is really ‘distilled wine,’ brandy being obtained from wine by distillation.
(Chambers) brandy n. strong alcoholic liquor. 1657, shortened from earlier brand-wine, brandy-wine (1622, in John Fletcher's The Beggar's Bush); borrowed from Dutch brandewijn burnt (i.e., distilled) wine; cognate with Middle High German brantwein (modern Cerman Branntwein) and Middle Low German brannewin.
(John Ayto) brandy [17] English acquired the word for thisdistilled spirit from Dutch brandewijn, and atfirst altered and translated it minimally tobrandewine. Soon however this became brandywine, and by the mid-17th century theabbreviated brandy was in common use. TheDutch compound meant ‘distilled wine’, frombranden, which denoted ‘distil’ as well as ‘burn’ (it was a derivative of brand ‘fire’, cognate withEnglish brand). ® vrand
(Onions) brandy ardent spirit distilled fromwine. xvii. Earlier brand(e)wine, alteredlater to brandy wine, whence ellipt. brandy- Du. brandewijn (whence also G. branntwein, etc.), f. branden burn, roast, char, distil (f. brand fire, brand1)+wijn wine.
(American Heritage) bran・dy n. pl. bran・dies. An alcoholic liquor distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice. — v. tr. bran・died, bran・dy・ing, bran・dies. To preserve, flavor, or mix with brandy. [Short for brandy-wine, from Dutch brandewijn: brandende, present participle of branden, to burn; see gwher- in Appendix + wijn, wine; see Wine.]
(OED) brandy
forms: Also 1600sbrandwine, brandewine, brandy-wine, brandee.
etymology: The original form brandwine, brandewine is < Dutch brandewijn ‘burnt’ (i.e. distilled) wine. In familiar use abbreviated as brandy as early as 1657; but the fuller form was retained in official use (customs tariffs, acts of parliament, etc.) down to the end of 17th cent., being latterly, as the spelling shows, regarded as a compound of brandy + wine.
- a. Originally and chiefly: an ardent spirit distilled from wine or grapes. Later also applied to spirits of similar flavour and appearance, obtained from other materials.
- A drink of brandy. Similarly brandy-and soda (cf. B. and S. n. at B n. Initialisms 1.)
- figurative. Something that stimulates or excites.
(Online Etymology) brandy (n.) "spirits distilled from other liquors" (especially wine), 1650s, abbreviation of brandy-wine (1620s) from Dutch brandewijn "burnt wine," earlier brand-wijn, so called because it is distilled (compare German cognate Branntwein and Czech palenka "brandy," from paliti "to burn"). The Brandywine Creek in Pennsylvania, site of the 1777 Revolutionary War battle, supposedly was so named 17c. by the Dutch explorers for the color of its waters.
brandy -கலைச்சொற்கள்
brandy எரிநறா
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
gingerbrandy உடல் வலிமை தரும் மருந்தாகப் பயன்படும் கடுந்தேறல் வகை
grape-brandy கொடிமுந்திரிப்பழத் தேறல்
cherry-bounce இன் கனிவகை ஊறவைத்த நறுமது வகை
corn-brandy கூலங்களிலிருந்து செய்யப்படும் சாராய வகை
brandy திராட்சைச் சாற்றினின்றும் வடித்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட இன்தேறல் வகை
brandy-ball இனிப்புப்ப்ண்ட வகை.
brandy-pawnee பிராந்தி தண்ணீர்க் கலவை.
brandy-sanp பிராந்தியினால் மணமூட்டப்பட்ட அப்பவகை.
brandy-snap பிராந்தியினால் மணமூட்டப்பட்ட அப்ப வகை.
apple-brandy புளிப்பேறிய ஆப்பிள் சாற்றிலிருந்து வடிக்கப்படும் சாராயம்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
brandy தேறல் வகை, திராட்சைச் சாராயம், பிராந்தி
apple brandy ஆப்பிள் சாராயம்
grape brandy திராட்சைத் தேறல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
BRIMSTONE
(Skeat) Brimstone, sulphur. (E.) Lit. ‘burn-stone.’ M. E. brimston, brymston; bremstoon, Chaucer, Prol. 629 (631 in some edd.); alsobrun-ston, brenstoon, Wyclif, Gen. xix. 24; Deut. xxix. 23; cf. Icel. brennisteinn, brimstone. ̶ Μ. E. bren-, burning (from the vb. brennen, to burn); and stoon, a stone. β. So also the Icel. brennisteinn is from Icel. brenna, to burn, and steinn, a stone. see Burn and Stone.
(Chambers) brimstone n. sulfur. About 1250 brimeston; earlier brynstan (1125), literally, burn-stone (brin, stem of brinnen to burn + stan, ston stone); compare Old Icelandic brennusteinn, brennisteinn, Dutch barnsteen, Cerman Bernstein, of similar formation, all meaning "amber."
(John Ayto) see Sulphur
(Onions) brimstone sulphur. xii. Theearliest forms are brynstan, brünston, continuedas brinston and brunsto(o)n, north. ̶ stane, till xvi; pro b. f. OE. bryne ( = ON.bruni) burning (f. "'burn- burn2)+stone; acommon ME. var. brenston (also brem-) isdue to ON. brennisteinn; forms in brim-, dueto dissimilation of n. n to m..n, appearc. 1300. ¶A parallel formation in MLG.bornste$n, MDu., Du. barnsteen, etc. means'amber'.
(American Heritage) brim・stone n. 1. Sulfur. 2. a. Damnation to hell; hellfire. b. Fiery or passionate rhetoric: “the great American evangelist of Yankee bargainhunting, converting us... with the brimstone of his secular preaching” (Rushworth M. Kidder). [Middle English brimston, from Old English brynsta$n. see gwherin Appendix.]
(OED) brimstone
forms: α. Middle English (?), Middle English brin-, brynstan(e, -ston(e, brenston, brenstoon, (Middle English Kent. bernston, northern bronstane, brunstan(e), Middle English–1500s brunston(e, Middle English–1500s bronston, 1500s byrnstone, brontstane, brint-, bryntstane, bryntstone, 1700s– Scottish brunstane. β. Middle English brimstan(e, brimston, brimstoon, brymston(e, brymstoon(e, ( brem-, brom-, brumstone, Middle English brymestone, 1600s brimestone), 1500s– brimstone; modern Scottish brumstane.
etymology: Middle English brin-, bren-, brun-, brimston, late Old English (12th cent.) brynstán (MS. Vesp. D. xiv, f. 163), apparently <bern-, brinn-, stems of burn v.1 + stone n.; compare Old Norse brenni-steinn sulphur; also, for the form, Old English berne-lác burnt-offering. An identical formation in other Germanic languages (Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bernsteen, Dutch barnsteen, German bernstein) is used with the sense ‘amber’. The transposition in bern-, bren- was inherited from the verb; the subsequent change to brim- may have been due to association with the adjective brim, breme adj. and adv. ‘fierce’: compare quot. c1400 at sense 1.
- Formerly the common vernacular name for sulphur n. and adj. Now used chiefly when referring to its inflammable character, and to the biblical use in Genesis xix. 24 and Revelation xix. 20; or in speaking of old-fashioned prescriptions, as ‘brimstone and treacle’. Cf. fire and brimstone n. and int.
- vegetable brimstone: the inflammable spores of Lycopodium clavatum and Selago, sometimes employed in the manufacture of fireworks.
- figurative.
- A virago, a spit-fire. Cf. brim n.4
- brimstone butterfly n. an early butterfly with wings of a sulphur colour, GonepteryxRhamni.
(Online Etymology) brimstone (n.) "sulfur in a solidified state," Old English brynstan, from brin- stem of brinnen "to burn" (from Proto-Germanic *brennan "to burn," from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm") + stan (see stone (n.)). In Middle English the first element also is recorded as brem-, brom-, brum-, bren-, brin-, bron-, brun-, bern-, born-, burn-, burned-, and burnt-. Formerly "the mineral sulfur," it is now restricted to biblical usage.
Bbrimstone - கலைச்சொற்கள்
brimstone கந்தகக்கல்
brimstone butterfly கந்தகவண்ணத்துப்பூச்சி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
brimstone கந்தகம், பெண்பேய்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
brimstone இயற்கைக் கந்தகத்தின் வணிகப்பெயர்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
BRINDLED
(Skeat) Brindled, Brinded, streaked, spotted. (Scand.) Shak. has ‘brinded cat;’ Macb. iv.1.1; brindled being an extended quasidiminutive form. ̶ I cel. brönd-, in the comp. bröndéttr, brindled, said of a cow, Cleasby and Vigfusson’s Dict. App. p. 772. We also find Icel. brand-krosόttr, brindled-brown with a white cross on the forehead. ̶ Icel. brandr, a brand, flame, firebrand, sword. ̶ Icel. brenna, to burn. ¶ Thus brinded is little more than another form of branded; the letter i appears again in brimstone, q.v. And see brand, and burn.
(Chambers) brindled adj. gray or tawny with dark streaks or spots. 1678, alteration of earlier brinded (1589), probably by influence of such words as kindled, mingled, etc.; brinded was an alteration of earlier brended, found in Middle English brend brown color, horse of this color (about 1426, and in surname Brendeskyn, 1262) noun use of past participle of brennen to burn. —brindle adj. 1676; n. 1696, apparently shortening of brindled, adj. though the record is wanting in listing the dates.
(Onions) brindled brown with streaks ofother colour. xvii. Alteration (prob. Byassoc. with grizzled, speckled) of (arch.) brinded (xvi), earlier †brended (xv), f. †brende (Lydg.), prob. of Scand. origin (cf. ON. bröndóttr brindled, f. brandr burning, brand, and brandkrossóttr brindled with awhite cross on the forehead).
(American Heritage) brin・dled adj. Tawny or grayish with streaks or spots of a darker color. [Alteration of Middle English brended, probably from brende, past participle of brennen, to burn, from Old Norse brenna. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) brindled
etymology: A variant of the earlier brinded adj., probably by assimilation to such words as kindled, mingled, perhaps with some feeling of a diminutive sense.
‘Streaked, tabby, marked with streaks’ (Johnson).
(Online Etymology) brindled (adj.) of horses, cows, dogs, etc., "marked with streaks, streaked with a darker color," 1670s, a variant of Middle English brended (early 15c.), from bren "brown color" (13c.), noun from past participle of brennen "burn" (from Proto-Germanic *brennan "to burn," from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm"). The etymological sense of the adjective appears to be "marked as though by branding or burning." The form was altered perhaps by influence of kindled.
brindled -கலைச்சொற்கள்
brindled புள்ளிகளிட்ட
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
FORCEPS
(Skeat) forceps, pincers. (L.) In Kersey’s Dict. ed. 1715. ̶ Lat. forceps, gen. forcipis, pincers, tongs; so called because used for holding hot iron, &c. (Paulus Diaconus). ̶ Lat. formus, hot; and stem cip-, from capere, to take, cognate with E. have. Der. Sorcip-at-ed, forceps-like.
(Chambers) forceps n. tongs used to hold an object. 1563, borrowed from Latin forceps (compound of formus hot + the root of capere to take, hold; see captive and warm).
(Onions) forceps fɔ̄·ɹseps instrument of the pincers kind, organ shaped like this. xvii. ̶ L. forceps, etymologized by Festus as formucaps’ because it seizes hot things’, f. formus hot, warm+cap- of capere seize (see heave).
(American Heritage) for·ceps n. pl. forceps. 1. An instrument resembling a pair of pincers or tongs, used for grasping, manipulating, or extracting, especially such an instrument used by a surgeon. 2. A pincerlike pair of movable appendages at the posterior end of the abdomen in certain insects, such as earwigs. [Latin, fire tongs, pincers. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) forceps
forms: Also 1700s singularforcep, plural 1600s–1700s forcipes, 1800sforcepses.
origin: A borrowing from Latin.
etymon: Latin forceps.
etymology: < Latin forceps, plural forcipes in same sense.
With singular and plural agreement.
- An instrument of the pincers kind, used for seizing and holding objects, esp. in surgical and obstetric operations.
- Anatomy, Entomology, and Zoology. Some organ or part of the body that has the shape of, or may be used as, a forceps. †Also, one of the two branches of this.
(Online Etymology) forceps (n.) 1560s, from Latin forceps "pair of tongs, pincers," apparently literally "something with which to grasp hot things," a compound of formus "hot" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm") + root of capere "to hold, take," from PIE root *kap- "to grasp." Originally a smith's implement. The classical plural is forcipes. Related: Forcipal.
forceps - கலைச்சொற்கள்
forceps பற்றுக்குறடு
dressing forceps காயக்கட்டுக் குறடு
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
forceps சாமணம்
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
forceps சாமணம் போன்ற இடுக்கி உறுப்பு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
tissue forceps திசுப் பிடிக்கும் கருவி
outlet forceps delivery விடுவாய் கிடுக்கிப்பேறு
midcavity forceps delivery நடுக்கூபகக் குவை கிடுக்கிப்பேறு
low forceps delivery தாழ்நிலை கிடுக்கிப்பேறு
high mid-cavity forceps delivery உயர்நடுக் கூபகக் குழி ஆயுத மகப்பேறு
forceps குறடு, இடுக்கி
forceps delivery ஆயுதப்பேறு
delivery forceps பேற்றுக்கிடுக்கி
dental forceps பல் அகற்றும் கருவி, பல் கிடுக்கி
cephalic curve of forceps கிடுக்கியின் தலை வளைவு
artery forceps தமனி இடுக்கி, நாள இடுக்கி
forceps இடுக்கிகள்
forceps சாமணம், இடுக்கி
forceps கிடுக்கி, இடுக்கி
forceps delivery கிடுக்கிவழி மகப்பேறு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
FORNAX
(American Heritage) For·nax n. A constellation in the Southern Hemisphere near Sculptor and Eridanus. [Latin forna$x, furnace, oven. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(Online Etymology) Fornax (n.) goddess of ovens in ancient Rome, from Latin fornax "furnace, oven, kiln" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm"). The dim constellation (representing a chemical furnace) was created by French astronomer Nicolas Louis de La Caille in 1752.
fornax - கலைச்சொற்கள்
fornax a மாபெரும் நீள்வட்ட பால்வெளிமண்டலம் fornax cluster ஃபோர்னக்ஸ் பால்வெளித்திரள்
fornax system ஃபோர்னக்ஸ் அமைப்பு
fornax cluster ஃபோர்னக்ஸ் விண்மீன் கொத்து
fornax system ஃபோர்னக்ஸ் விண்மீன் அமைப்பு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
FORNICATE
(Skeat) Fornicate, to commit lewdness. (L.) The E. verb fornicate is of late use, appearing in the Works of Bp. Hall (R.) It was certainly developed from the sbs. fornication and fornicator, both in early use. Chaucer has fornicatioun, C.T. 6886; and fornicatour is in P. Plowman, C. iii. 191 (footnote). These are, respectively, O. F. fornication and fornicateur; Cot. ̶ Lat. fornicatus, pp. of fornicari. ̶ Lat. fornic-, base of fornix, (1) a vault, an arch, (2) a brothel. Perhaps so named from the firmness of an arch, from √DHAR, to hold, maintain, whence also firm and form. Der. fornicat-ion, forni-cat-or, explained above.
(Chambers) see Fornication
(Onions) see Fornication
(American Heritage) for·ni·cate v. intr. for·ni·cat·ed, for·ni·cat·ing, for·ni·cates. To commit fornication. [Late Latin fornica$ri$, fornica$t-, from fornix, fornic-, vault, vaulted cellar, brothel. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) fornicate
etymology: < Latin fornicāt-, participial stem of fornicārī of same meaning, <fornic- , fornix brothel, originally arch, vault (see fornix n.).
intransitive. To commit fornication.
(OED) fornicate (v.) 1550s, "have illicit sexual intercourse" (said of an unmarried person), from Late Latin fornicatus, past participle of fornicari "to fornicate," from Latin fornix (genitive fornicis) "brothel" (Juvenal, Horace), originally "arch, vaulted chamber, a vaulted opening, a covered way," probably an extension, based on appearance, from a source akin to fornus "brick oven of arched or domed shape" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm"). Perhaps in some cases a back-formation from fornication. Related: Fornicated; fornicating.
fornicate - கலைச்சொற்கள்
forni`cate விபச்சாரம்
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
FORNICATION
(Chambers) fornication n. sexual intercourse between unmarried persons. About 1303 fornycacyoun, in Mannyng's Handlyng Synne; borrowed from Old French fornication, learned borrowing from Late Latin fornicātiōnem (nominative fornicātiō), from fornicāri fornicate, from Latin fornix (genitive fornicis) arch, vault, brothel, probably from fornus, furnus oven of arch or dome shape; see Furnace. Brothels in ancient Rome were often located in underground basements; also, prostitutes solicited their business under the arches of certain buildings. — fornicate v. 1552, in Huloet's Abecedarium Anglico-Latinum; borrowed from Late Latin fornicātus, past participle of fornicārī fornicate; for suffix see -ate¹. In later instances, fornicate may have been a back formation from earlier fornication.
(John Ayto) fornication [13] Latin fornix denoted an ‘arch’or ‘vault’, and hence came to be used in the laterepublican period for the sort of vaultedunderground dwellings where the dregs of Roman society – tramps, prostitutes, pettycriminals, etc – lived. Early Christian writershomed in on the prostitutes, and employed theterm with the specific meaning ‘brothel’, whence the verb fornicārī ‘have illicit sexual intercourse’ and its derivative fornicatiō, sourceof English fornication.
(Onions) fornication fɔ̄ɹnikei·ʃәn sexual inter course outside marriage. xiii (Cursor M.). ̶ (O)F. fornication ̶ late L. fornicātiō(n-), f. fornicārī (whence fo·rnicate3 xvi), f. fornic-, fornix arch, vault, vaulted room such as was tenanted by the lower orders and prostitutes, prob. rel. to fornax, furnus furnace; see ̶ ation. So fo·rnicator1. xiv(PPl.). ̶ late L.
(American Heritage) for·ni·ca·tion n. Sexual intercourse between partners who are not married to each other.
(OED) fornication
etymology: < Old French fornication, -acion, < late Latin fornicātiōn-em , noun of action <fornicārī : see fornicate adj. and -ation suffix.
- a. Voluntary sexual intercourse between a man (in restricted use, an unmarried man) and an unmarried woman. In Scripture extended to adultery.
- figurative; esp. in Scripture: The forsaking of God for idols; idolatry; also, spiritual fornication.
(Online Etymology) fornication (n.) c. 1300, from Old French fornicacion "fornication, lewdness; prostitution; idolatry" (12c.), from Late Latin fornicationem (nominative fornicatio), noun of action from past-participle stem of fornicari "to fornicate," from Latin fornix (genitive fornicis) "brothel" (Juvenal, Horace), originally "arch, vaulted chamber, a vaulted opening, a covered way," probably an extension, based on appearance, from a source akin to fornus "brick oven of arched or domed shape" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm"). Strictly, "voluntary sex between an unmarried man and an unmarried woman;" extended in the Bible to adultery. The sense extension in Latin is perhaps because Roman prostitutes commonly solicited from under the arches of certain buildings.
fornication - கலைச்சொற்கள்
fornication மணமாகா ஆண் பெண் கலவி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
fornica`tion பரத்தமை
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
FORNIX
(Onions) see Fornication
(American Heritage) for·nix n. pl. for·ni·ces. An archlike anatomical structure or fold, such as the arched band of white matter located beneath the corpus callosum of the brain. [Latin, arch, vault. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) fornix
etymology : < Latin fornix arch, vaulted chamber.
Something resembling an arch.
- Anatomy esp. an arched formation of the brain.
- Botany. (See quots.)
- Conchology. ‘The excavated part of a shell, situated under the umbo. It also signifies the upper or convex shell in the Ostrea’ (Craig 1848).
(Online Etymology) fornix (n.) from 1680s in reference to various arched formations (especially in anatomy), from Latin fornix "arch, vaulted chamber, cellar, vaulted opening," probably an extension, based on appearance, from a source akin to fornus "brick oven of arched or domed shape" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm").
thermal -கலைச்சொற்கள்
effective thermal resistance விளைவுறு-தெறுமத் தடையமைவு
electrothermal instruments மின்தெறுமக் கருவிகள்
differential thermal analysis வேற்றுமைப்பாட்டுத் தெறுமப் பகுப்பாய்வு
coefficient of thermal conductivity தெறுமக் கடத்துதிறன்-கெழு
brake thermaleficiency தடைத்தெறுமத்திறம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermal வெப்ப
thermal capacity வெப்ப ஏற்புத் திறன்
thermal conductivity வெப்பம் கடத்துமை
thermal diffusion வெப்ப விரவல் முறை
thermal feed back device வெப்ப பின்னூட்ட அமைப்பு
thermal flasher வெப்ப ஒளித் தெறிப்பான்
thermal noise வெப்ப இரைச்சல்
thermal ohm வெப்ப ஓம்
thermal over current trip மிகை மின்னோட்ட வெப்ப முறைத் திறப்பி
thermal overload வெப்ப மிகு சுமை
thermal power station அனல் மின்திறன் நிலையம்
thermal station அனல் மின்னிலையம்
thermal storage heater வெப்ப தேக்கச் சூடாக்கி
thermal type வெப்ப வகை
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொண்மை
thermal conductivity வெப்பங் கடத்துமை
thermal current வெப்ப ஓட்டம்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத்திறன்
thermal fatigue வெப்ப அயர்வு
thermal shock வெப்ப அதிர்ச்சி
thermal stability வெப்ப நிலைப்பு
thermal flask வெப்பங்காப்புக் குடுவை
coefficient of thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துமைக் கெழு
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
thermal வெதுவெதுப்பான, வெப்ப அளவைக்குரிய
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermal battery வெப்ப மின்கல அடுக்கு
thermal column வெப்பக் கம்பம்
thermal conduction வெப்பக் கடத்தல்
thermal conductivity வெப்பங் கடத்துதிறன்
thermal contact வெப்பத் தொடுகை
thermal convection வெப்பச் சுழற்சி
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவுதிறன்
thermal effect வெப்ப விளைவு
thermal efficiency வெப்ப வினைத்திறன்
thermal electromotive force வெப்ப மின்னியக்க விசை
thermal flux வெப்பப் பாயம்
thermal inductance வெப்பத் தூண்டம்
thermal inertia வெப்ப உறழ்வு
thermal insulator வெப்பக் காப்பி
thermal ionization வெப்ப அயனியாக்கம்
thermal potential difference வெப்ப மின்னிலை வேறுபாடு
thermal reactor வெப்ப அணு உலை
thermal shield வெப்பக் கவசம்
thermal station வெப்பமின் நிலையம்
thermal stress cracking வெப்பத் தகைவு விரிசல்
thermal velocity வெப்பத் திசைவேகம்
external thermal equilibrium புற வெப்பச் சமநிலை
isothermal சமவெப்ப
thermal agitation வெப்ப எழுச்சி
thermal black வெப்ப கரி
thermal capacity வெப்ப ஏற்புத்திறன்
thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துத்திறன்
thermal cracking வெப்பமுறையில் பிளத்தல்
thermal decomposition வெப்பத்தால் சிதைத்தல்
thermal degradation வெப்பச்சிதைவு
thermal diffusion வெப்பத்தால் பரவுதல்
thermal diffusivity வெப்பவிரிவு திறன்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத்திறமை
thermal polymerization வெப்ப பல்லறுப்பாக்கல்
thermal process அனல்முறை
thermal resistance வெப்பத்தடை
thermal springs வெப்பநீர் ஊற்றுகள்
thermal stability வெப்ப நிலைப்புத் தன்மை
thermal-liquid system வெப்ப நீர்ம அமைப்பு
hydrothermal crystal growth வெப்ப நீர்ப்படிக வளர்ச்சி
electrothermal fumace மின் அனல் உலை
thermal வெப்பஞ்சார், அனல்
thermal dehydration வெப்ப நீரிழப்பு
thermal injury வெப்பக் காயம்
thermal pulmonary damage நுரையீரல் வெப்பத்தாக்கம்
central thermal stimulus மைய வெப்பத்தூண்டல்
thermal cracking வெப்ப உடைப்பு முறை
thermal desorption அனல்முறை மாசுநீக்கம்
thermal erosion அனல் அரிப்பு
thermal gradient வெப்பச் சரிமானம்
thermal inversion வெப்பநிலைத் தலைக்கீழ்மாற்றம்
thermal plume அனல் தோகை (அனல் விரிப்பு)
thermal precipitation வெப்பத் துகளியக்கம்
thermal soaring வெப்பப் பறக்கை
thermal stratification வெப்பநிலை அடுக்கமைப்பு
solar thermal power system சூரிய அனல்மின் அமைப்பு
thermal வெப்பநிலைசார்
thermal convection வெப்பநிலைச் சுழற்சி
thermal gradient வெப்பநிலை வாட்டம் (சரிமானம்)
thermal jet வெப்பத் தாரை
thermal steering வெப்பக் காற்றுவழி திசைதிருப்பல்
thermal vorticity வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சுழிப்பு
thermal vorticity advection வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சுழிப்புப் பெயர்வு
solar-thermal-vacuum chamber (stv) சூரிய அனல்-வெற்றிட அறை
thermal tile (விண்கல) வெப்பக் காப்புறை
thermal algae வெப்பந்தாங்கும் பாசிகள்
thermal conductor வெப்பக்கடத்தி
thermal cycle வெப்பச்சுழற்சி
thermal inversion வெப்பத் தலைக்கீழாக்கம்
thermal pollution வெப்பமாசு
geothermal energy புவிவெப்ப ஆற்றல்
thermal destruction curves வெப்ப அழிவு வரைகள்
thermal processing வெப்பப்பதனம் செய்தல்
thermal properties வெப்பவியல் பண்புகள்
thermal resistance வெப்பம் எதிர்ப்பு
thermal shock வெப்பஅதிர்ச்சி
thermal analysis வெப்பப் பகுப்பாய்வு
thermal barrier வெப்பம்சார் வேகவரம்பு
thermal battery வெப்ப மின்கலஅடுக்கு
thermal black அனற் கரி
thermal bond வெப்பப் பிணைப்பு
thermal break வெப்பங்கடத்தாப் பொருள்/ இடையூட்டு
thermal breeder reactor வெப்ப ஈனுலை
thermal bulb வெப்பக் குமிழ்
thermal capacitance வெப்பக் கொண்மம்
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொண்மை (கொள்)
thermal cell வெப்ப மின்கலம்
thermal column வெப்ப நியூட்ரான் வழங்கு கம்பம்
thermal compressor வெப்ப அமுக்கி
thermal conductimetry வெப்பங்கடத்து அளவி
thermal conductivity வெப்பக்கடத்துமை
thermal conductivity gage வெப்பங்கடத்துத்திறன் அளவி
thermal conductor வெப்பங்கடத்தி
thermal convection வெப்பச் சலனம் (சுழல்வு)
thermal converter வெப்பமாற்றி
thermal coulomb இயல்பாற்றல் அலகு
thermal cracking வெப்பத்தாற் பகுப்பு
thermal cross section வெப்பக் குறுக்குவெட்டு
thermal cutout வெப்ப இணைப்பு முறிப்பி
thermal cutting வெப்பமூட்டி வெட்டல்
thermal degradation வெப்பப் படியிறக்கம்
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவல்திறன்
thermal drift வெப்ப நகர்வு
thermal drilling வெப்பத் துளையிடல்
thermal efficiency வெப்பச் செயல்திறன்
thermal electromotive force வெப்ப மின்இயக்கு விசை
thermal equilibrium வெப்பச் சமநிலை
thermal excitation வெப்பக் கிளர்வு
thermal expansion வெப்ப விரிவு
thermal expansion coefficient வெப்ப விரிவுக் கெழு
thermal fatigue வெப்பஅயர்வு
thermal flame safeguard வெப்பத்தழல் காப்பமைவு
thermal flasher வெப்பச் சுடர்த் தெறிப்பி
thermal flask வெப்பக் குடுவை
thermal gradient வெப்ப வாட்டம்
thermal horsepower வெப்பக் குதிரைத்திறன்
thermal hysteresis வெப்பத் தயக்கம்
thermal imagery வெப்பத் தோற்றுரு
thermal inductance வெப்பத் தூண்டல்
thermal instability வெப்ப நிலைப்பின்மை
thermal instrument வெப்ப அளவுக்கருவி
thermal jet வெப்பத்தாரை
thermal limit வெப்பவரம்பு
thermal magnon வெப்ப போலித்துகள்
thermal microphone வெப்ப ஒலிவாங்கி
thermal neutron வெப்ப நியூட்ரான்
thermal noise generator வெப்ப இரைச்சல் ஆக்கி
thermal polymerization வெப்பப் பல்படியாக்கம்
thermal probe வெப்பச் சலாகை
thermal pulse வெப்பத் துடிப்பு
thermal reactor வெப்ப அணுஉலை
thermal reforming வெப்ப மறுவடிவாக்கம்
thermal regenerative cell வெப்ப மீளாக்க மின்கலம்
thermal relay வெப்ப உணர்த்தி
thermal relief வெப்ப விடுவிப்பு
thermal resistance வெப்பத் தடை
thermal resistivity வெப்பத் தடைமை
thermal resistor வெப்பத் தடையகம்
thermal runaway வெப்பமிகு மின்னோட்டம்
thermal scattering வெப்பச் சிதறல்
thermal shield வெப்பக் காப்பு
thermal spraying வெப்பத் தெளித்தல்
thermal steering வெப்பக்காற்று திசைதிருப்பல்
thermal stratification வெப்ப அடுக்காக்கல்
thermal stress வெப்பத் தகைவு
thermal stress cracking வெப்பத்தகைவால் விரிசல்
thermal switch வெப்ப இணைப்பு
thermal telephone receiver வெப்பத் தொலைபேசி அலைவாங்கி
thermal tide வெப்ப ஓதம்
thermal transducer வெப்ப ஆற்றல்மாற்றி
thermal transpiration வெப்ப அழுத்தப்பாய்ம வெளியேறல்
thermal tuning வெப்ப ஒத்தியைவு
thermal utilization factor வெப்ப பயன்பாட்டுக் காரணி
thermal value வெப்ப மதிப்பு
thermal valve வெப்ப ஓரதர்
thermal vorticity வெப்பக்காற்று சுழிப்பு
thermal vorticity advection வெப்பக்காற்று சுழிப்புச் செலுத்தம்
thermal wattmeter வெப்ப மின்திறன் அளவி (வாட்டளவி)
thermal wave வெப்ப அலை
thermal wind வெப்பக்காற்று
thermal wind equation வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சமன்பாடு
thermal-liquid system வெப்ப நீர்மஅமைப்பு
hall cyclic thermal reforming ஆல்சுழற்சி வெப்ப மறுஆக்கம்
effective thermal resistance பயனுறு வெப்பத்தடை
differential thermal analysis வெப்ப வேறுபாட்டுப் பகுப்பாய்வு
coefficient of thermal conductivity வெப்பக்கடத்துமைக்கெழு
coefficient of thermal expansion வெப்பவிரிவுக்கெழு
brake thermal efficiency தடைவெப்ப பயனுறுதிறன்
british thermal unit பிரிட்டன் வெப்பவலகு
thermal stencil வெப்பப் பதிநகல்
printer, thermal வெப்ப அச்சுப்பொறி
electro thermal printer மின்வெப்ப அச்சுப்பொறி
thermal வெப்ப, அனல்
thermal buoyancy வெப்பமிதப்பு நிலை
thermal conductivity வெப்பங்கடத்தும் திறன்
thermal death point இறப்பு வெப்பநிலை
thermal death time வெப்ப இறப்பு நேரம்
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவு திறன்
thermal energy storage வெப்ப ஆற்றல் தேக்கம்
thermal inactivation point செயல் முடக்கும் வெப்பநிலை
thermal ionization வெப்ப அயனியாக்கல்
thermal neutron வெப்ப நொதுமி
thermal power வெப்பத்திறன், அனல்மின்திறன்
thermal processing வெப்பத்தால் பதப்படுத்தல்
thermal proof வெப்பத்தடுப்பு
thermal radiation வெப்பக்கதிர்வீச்சு
photo thermal requirement ஒளி வெப்பத் தேவை
photo thermal unit (ptu) ஒளி வெப்ப அலகு
ocean thermal energy conversion கடல் வெப்பஆற்றல் மாற்றம்
thermal agitation வெப்பக் கிளர்ச்சி
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொள்ளளவு
thermal conduction வெப்பக்கடத்தல்
thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துதிறன்
thermal death point நுண்ணுயிரிகள் அழிவு வெப்பநிலை
thermal death time நுண்ணுயிர் வெப்பஇறப்பு நேரம்
thermal diffusion வெப்ப விரவல்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத் திறமை
thermal emission வெப்ப உமிழ்வு
thermal insulation வெப்பக் காப்பீடு
thermal losses வெப்ப இழப்புகள்
thermal pollution வெப்ப மாசு
thermal power அனல்மின் திறன்
thermal power plant அனல்மின் நிலையம்
thermal processing வெப்பச் செயல்முறை
thermal properties வெப்பநிலைப் பண்புகள்
thermal properties of fibers இழை வெப்பநிலைப் பண்புகள்
thermal radiation வெப்பக் கதிர்வீச்சு
thermal reactor வெப்ப வினைகலன் (அணுஉலை)
thermal stabilisation வெப்ப நிலைப்பூட்டல்
thermal woven வெப்பத் தளர் நெசவுசெய்த
energy, thermal வெப்ப ஆற்றல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Thermal வெப்பம் சார்ந்த
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
FURNACE
(Skeat) Furnace, oven. (F., ̶ L.) M.E. forneis; Chau. C.T. 14169. ̶ O. F. fornaise, later fournaise, ‘a furnace;’ Cot. ̶ Lat. fornacem, acc. of fornax, an oven. ̶ Lat. fornus, furnus, an oven; with suffix -ac-; allied to Lat. formus, warm; as also to Russ. goriete, to burn, glow, and Skt. gharma, glow, warmth; see curtius, ii. 99. See glow. ¶ I doubt the connection with E. warm.
(Chambers) Furnace n. Probably about 1200 furneise, Middle English furneise, borrowed from Old French fornais, fornaise, from Latin fornācem (nominative fornāx) an oven, kiln; related to fornus, furnus oven, and formus Warm.
(John Ayto) Furnace [13] Etymologically, furnace means roughly ‘warm place’. It comes via Old French fornais from Latin fornāx ‘furnace’. This was aderivative of fornus ‘oven’, a word related to formus ‘warm’, which goes back to the same Indo-European source, *ghworm-, *ghwerm-, asprobably produced English warm. ® Fornicatio
(Onions) furnace fɔ̄·ɹnis chamber for combustibles to produce intense heat. xiii. ̶ OF. fornaism. ( = Pr. fornatz, Cat. fornas, It. furnace) and fornaise fem. (mod. fournaise = Sp. hornaza, Pg. fornaça) :- L. fornācem, fornāx and popL. *forna$tia, f. L. fornus, furnus oven, rel. to formus Warm.
(American Heritage) fur·nace n. 1. An enclosure in which energy in a nonthermal form is converted to heat, especially such an enclosure in which heat is generated by the combustion of a suitable fuel. 2. An intensely hot place: the furnace of the sun;an attic room that is a furnace in the summer. 3. A severe test or trial: endured the furnace of his friends’ blame after the accident. [Middle English, from Old French fornais, from Latin forna$x, forna$c-, oven. see gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) furnace
forms: Middle Englishfurneise, Middle English f(o)urneys(e, fo(u)rnays(e, fournas, fornayce, fornes, (Middle Englishfornas, furnasee), Middle English–1500sforneys(e, f(o)urneis, furnes(s, (Middle English furnoys, 1500s furneyse, fournes), 1500s–1600sfornace, (1500sfournace, furnise), 1500s – furnace.
etymology : < Old French fornais, masculine (= Provençal fornatz, fornaz, Italian fornace), also fornaise (modern French fournaise, = Spanish hornaza), representing Latin fornāc-em, fornax, feminine, <fornus, furnus, oven.
1.a. An apparatus consisting essentially of a chamber to contain combustibles for the purpose of subjecting minerals, metals, etc. to the continuous action of intense heat.
- transferred. The fire of a volcano; the volcano itself.
- figurative, esp. used to express any severe test or trial. Also, a place of excessive heat; a ‘hotbed’.
†2. Applied to an oven or chamber for producing a moderate continuous heat; in quots. an incubating chamber. Obsolete.
- A closed fireplace for heating a building by means of hot-air or hot-water pipes; also, ‘the fireplace of a marine boiler’ (Adm. Smyth).
- A boiler, cauldron, crucible. Obsolete exc. dialect. (See quots. 1884, 1888.)
(Online Etymology) furnace (n.) early 13c., from Old French fornais "oven, furnace," figuratively "flame of love" (12c.), from Latin fornacem (nominative fornax) "an oven, kiln," related to fornus/furnus "oven," and to formus "warm," from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm."
furnace -கலைச்சொற்கள்
furnace உலை
electric arc furnace மின்வில் உலை
electric furnace மின்னுலை
electric furnace steel மின்னுலை எஃகு
electrothermal furnace மின்தெறுமவுலை
destructor furnace கழிவெரியுலை
direct arc electric furnace நேரடி-வில் மின்னூலை
direct arc furnace நேரடிவில் உலை
direct flame furnace நேர்-சுடர் உலை
double puddling furnace இரட்டைத் துழாவுலை
cathode ray furnace எதிர்மின்வாய்க்கதிர்உலை
charcoal furnace கரியுலை
coke furnace கற்கரியுலை
combustion furnace எரியுலை
continuous furnace தொடருலை
crucible furnace புடவுலை
cupola furnace (காண்க: cupola)
cyclone furnace சூறையுலை
bell type furnace மணியுருவுலை
blister furnace கொப்புளச்செப்புலை
boiler furnace கொதிகலவுலை
air-arc furnace காற்று வில் உலை
air furnace காற்றுலை
angle iron furnace கோண-இரும்புலை
annealing furnace பதனிடும் உலை
are furnace வில்-உலை
auxiliary oil furnace துணை நெய்மவுலை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
tapping furnace உலோகம் வெளி எடுக்கும் உலை
salt bath furnace உப்புத் தொட்டி உலை
resistance furnace மின் தடை உலை
report furnace வாலை உலை
reverberatory furnace எதிர் அனல் உலை
roasting furnace வறு உலை
pot furnace கலய ஊதுலை
pitch furnace குழியிடை
puddling furnace துழாவும் உலை
open earth furnace திறந்த உலை
muffle furnace மூடுலை
indirect arc furnace மறைமுக மின் வில் உலை
induction furnace தூண்டு மின் உலை
furnace cooling or annealing அடுப்புக் குளிர்விப்பு
furnace tapping உலையிலிருந்து எஃகை எடுத்தல்
electrical arc furnace மின் சுடர் உலை
electrical furnace மின் உலை
direct arc furnace நேரடி வில் உலை
direct-arc electric furnace நேர்முக வில் சுடர்மின் உலை
coke furnace கற்கரிச் சூளை
cathode ray furnace எதிர்முனைக் கதிர் உலை
coreless furnace உள்ளகமற்ற தூண்டல் மின் உலை
cementation furnace ஒட்டுவிப்பு உலை
converter furnace மாற்று உலை
crucible furnace மூசை உலை
cyclic furnace தொடர் உலை
blast furnace slag ஊது உலைக் கழிவு
bessemer furnace பெசிமர் உலை
blast furnace ஊது உலை
arc furnace மின் வில் சுடர் உலை
arc radiation furnace மின்வில் கதிர்வீச்சு உலை
annealing furnace வெம்மென் உலை
anode furnace நேர்முனை உலை
arc furnace வில் சுடர் உலை
ash furnace சாம்பல் உலை
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
furnace சூளை, வெப்பமான இடம்
ash-furnace வேதியியல் செய்முறைகளுக்குரிய இனநெருப்பு அடுப்பு
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
solar furnace சூரிய உலை
induction furnace தூண்டல் உலை
air furnace வளி உலை
muffle furnace மூட்ட வெப்ப உலை
induction furnace தூண்டு மின்உலை
furnace black உலைக்கரிப்படிவு
furnace உலை, உலைக்களம்
wood waste fire furnace kilns மரக்கழிவு எரிபொருள்உலைச் சூளை
solar furnace சூரியஒளி உலை
stetefeldt furnace ஸ்டெடிஃபெல்ட் உலை
submerged-arc furnace மூழ்கு வில் உலை
updraft furnace மேலிழுப்பு உலை
wall furnace சுவர் எரிகலன்
water-cooled furnace நீர்க்குளிர்வு எரிகலன்
salt bath furnace உப்புத்தொட்டி உலை
shaft furnace குடைவு உலை
sintering furnace சிட்டங்கட்டு உலை, சுடுஉலை
resistance furnace மின்தடை உலை
resistor furnace மின்தடைய உலை
rocking furnace சாய்ப்பு உலை
rotary furnace சுழலும் உலை
pit furnace குறைவெப்ப உலை
pitch furnace குழிஉலை
pressurized blast furnace அழுத்த ஊதுலை
process furnace செயல்முறை உலை
pusher furnace தள்ளி உலை
oil furnace எண்ணெய் உலை
open - arc furnace வெளி வில்பொறி உலை
open - hearth furnace திறந்த கணப்பு உலை
oxygen furnace steel ஆக்சிஜன் உலை எஃகு
melting furnace உருக்கு உலை
low-frequency induction furnace தாழ் அலைவெண் மின்தூண்டு உலை
low-shaft furnace தாழ்குடைவுச் சூளை
indirect-arc furnace மறைமுக வில்பொறி உலை
induction furnace தூண்டல் மின்உலை
integral-furnace boiler தொகுப்பு உலைகொதிகலன்
internal furnace உள் உலை
hauzeur furnace ஆசூர் உலை
hearth furnace கணப்பு உலை
hegeler furnace ஹெக்ளெர் உலை
herreshoff furnace ஹெரெஷாப் உலை
high-abrasion furnace black உயர் தேய்மான உலைக் கடுங்கரி
high-frequency furnace உயர் அலைவெண் உலை
high-modulus furnace black உயர் குணக உலைக்கரி
holding furnace நிலைநிறுத்து உலை
hot-air furnace வெப்பக்காற்று உலை
gas furnace வளிம உலை
flowing furnace உருகு உலோக உலை
furnace black உலைக் கரிப்படிவு
furnace brazing உலைப் பற்றாசிடல்
furnace lining உலை உள்பூச்சு
furnace refining உலையிட்டு உலோக தூய்மிப்பு
furnace soldering உலை சூட்டிணைப்பு
furnace tapping உலையிலிருந்து (எஃகை) எடுத்தல்
electric-arc furnace மின் விற்பொறி உலை
electric-furnace steel மின் உலை எஃகு
detroit rocking furnace டிட்ரோய்ட் ஊசல் உலை
calcining furnace சுண்ணாம்புக் காளவாய்
carinthian furnace கெரின்தியன் உலை
cathode ray furnace எதிர்முனைக்கதிர் உலை
coke furnace கற்கரிச்சூளை
combustion furnace எரி உலை
continuous furnace தொடர்உலை
continuous-type furnace தொடர்வகை உலை
converter furnace மாற்றி உலை
coreless furnace உள்ளகமற்ற உலை
crucible furnace புடஉலை
cyclic furnace சுழலுலை
cyclone furnace சுழற்காற்றுலை
batch-type furnace ஒற்றைவாய் உலை
billet furnace உலோகக்கட்டை உலை
blast-furnace coke ஊதுலைக்கரி
blast-furnace control ஊதுலைக் கட்டுப்பாடு
blast-furnace gas ஊதுலை வளிமம்
blister furnace கொப்புளச் செம்புலை
blowing-up furnace உலோக ஆவியாக்கு உலை
boiler furnace கொதிகல உலை
air-arc furnace காற்றுச் சுடர்வில் உலை
air-cooled blast-furnace slag காற்று குளிர்விப்பு ஊது உலைக்கசடு
arc furnace வில் உலை
arc image furnace வில் தோற்றுரு உலை
ash furnace கண்ணாடி வேலை உலை
axisymmetric furnace ஆரச்சீர் உலை
wood waste fire furnace kilns மரக்கழிவு எரிபொருள் சூளை
solar furnace சூரிய அடுப்பு, சூரிய உலை
solar furnace சூரிய வெப்பஉலை
furnace உலை, சூளை
furnace, reverberatory அதிர்வுசார் கணப்புலை
blast furnace ஊதுலை
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
HYPOTHERMIA
(American Heritage) hy·po·ther·mi·a n. Abnormally low body temperature. [hypo- + Greek therme$, heat; see gwher- in Appendix + -IA1.]
(OED) Hypothermia
forms: Also in anglicized form hypothermy Hear pronunciation/ˈhaɪpəʊθɜːmɪ/ (rare).
etymology: < hypo- prefix 1d + Greek θέρμη heat + -ia suffix1.
Medicine.
The condition of having a body temperature substantially below the normal, either as a result of natural causes or artificially induced (e.g. for cardiac surgery).
(Online Etymology) hypothermia (n.) 1877, Modern Latin, from hypo- "under" (see hypo-) + Greek therme "heat" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm") + abstract noun ending -ia.
hypothermia - கலைச்சொற்கள்
servere hypothermia கடும் தாழ்வெப்பநிலை
mild hypothermia மெல்லிய தாழ்வெப்பநிலை
moderate hypothermia மிதமான தாழ்வெப்பநிலை
hypothermia உடல் வெப்பக்குறைவு, உடல் சீதளம்
endogenous hypothermia உள்ளாக்கத் தாழ்வெப்பநிலை
environmental hypothermia சூழலியல் தாழ்வெப்பநிலை
accidental hypothermia தற்செயல் வெப்பநிலைத் தாழ்வு, நேர்ச்சி வெப்பநிலை இழிவு(குறை)
hypothermia உடல்வெப்பக்குறைவு
hypothermia வெப்பக் குறைபாடு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Hypothermia உடல் வெப்பக் குறைவு
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
THERMAL
(Chambers) thermal adj. 1756, of or having to do with hot springs; borrowed from French thermal, formed from Greek thérmē heat; see Warm + French -al -al¹. The sense of having to do with heat is recorded in English in 1837.
(John Ayto) see Warm
(Onions) thermal þə̄·ɹmәl pert. to hot springs. xviii. ̶ F. thermal (Buffon), f. Gr. thérmē heat, thermós hot; see -al1.
(American Heritage) ther·mal adj. 1. Of, relating to, using, producing, or caused by heat. 2. Intended or designed in such a way as to help retain body heat: thermal underwear. — n. A rising current of warm air.
(OED) thermal
etymology: = French thermal (Buffon), < Greek θέρμη heat + -al suffix1.
- Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of thermae or hot springs; of a spring, etc., (naturally) hot or warm; also, having hot springs.
2.a. Of or pertaining to heat; determined, measured, caused, or operated by heat.
- Designating a bath the temperature of which exceeds 98°F.
- Promoting the retention of heat. Usually of clothes, esp. underwear.
- figurative. Heated with passion; erotic, passionate, impassioned.
(Online Etymology) thermal (adj.) 1756, "having to do with hot springs," from French thermal (Buffon), from Greek therme "heat, feverish heat," from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm." Sense of "having to do with heat" is first recorded 1837. The noun meaning "rising current of relatively warm air" is recorded from 1933.
thermal -கலைச்சொற்கள்
effective thermal resistance விளைவுறு-தெறுமத் தடையமைவு
electrothermal instruments மின்தெறுமக் கருவிகள்
differential thermal analysis வேற்றுமைப்பாட்டுத் தெறுமப் பகுப்பாய்வு
coefficient of thermal conductivity தெறுமக் கடத்துதிறன்-கெழு
brake thermaleficiency தடைத்தெறுமத்திறம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermal வெப்ப
thermal capacity வெப்ப ஏற்புத் திறன்
thermal conductivity வெப்பம் கடத்துமை
thermal diffusion வெப்ப விரவல் முறை
thermal feed back device வெப்ப பின்னூட்ட அமைப்பு
thermal flasher வெப்ப ஒளித் தெறிப்பான்
thermal noise வெப்ப இரைச்சல்
thermal ohm வெப்ப ஓம்
thermal over current trip மிகை மின்னோட்ட வெப்ப முறைத் திறப்பி
thermal overload வெப்ப மிகு சுமை
thermal power station அனல் மின்திறன் நிலையம்
thermal station அனல் மின்னிலையம்
thermal storage heater வெப்ப தேக்கச் சூடாக்கி
thermal type வெப்ப வகை
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொண்மை
thermal conductivity வெப்பங் கடத்துமை
thermal current வெப்ப ஓட்டம்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத்திறன்
thermal fatigue வெப்ப அயர்வு
thermal shock வெப்ப அதிர்ச்சி
thermal stability வெப்ப நிலைப்பு
thermal flask வெப்பங்காப்புக் குடுவை
coefficient of thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துமைக் கெழு
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
thermal வெதுவெதுப்பான, வெப்ப அளவைக்குரிய
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermal battery வெப்ப மின்கல அடுக்கு
thermal column வெப்பக் கம்பம்
thermal conduction வெப்பக் கடத்தல்
thermal conductivity வெப்பங் கடத்துதிறன்
thermal contact வெப்பத் தொடுகை
thermal convection வெப்பச் சுழற்சி
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவுதிறன்
thermal effect வெப்ப விளைவு
thermal efficiency வெப்ப வினைத்திறன்
thermal electromotive force வெப்ப மின்னியக்க விசை
thermal flux வெப்பப் பாயம்
thermal inductance வெப்பத் தூண்டம்
thermal inertia வெப்ப உறழ்வு
thermal insulator வெப்பக் காப்பி
thermal ionization வெப்ப அயனியாக்கம்
thermal potential difference வெப்ப மின்னிலை வேறுபாடு
thermal reactor வெப்ப அணு உலை
thermal shield வெப்பக் கவசம்
thermal station வெப்பமின் நிலையம்
thermal stress cracking வெப்பத் தகைவு விரிசல்
thermal velocity வெப்பத் திசைவேகம்
external thermal equilibrium புற வெப்பச் சமநிலை
isothermal சமவெப்ப
thermal agitation வெப்ப எழுச்சி
thermal black வெப்ப கரி
thermal capacity வெப்ப ஏற்புத்திறன்
thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துத்திறன்
thermal cracking வெப்பமுறையில் பிளத்தல்
thermal decomposition வெப்பத்தால் சிதைத்தல்
thermal degradation வெப்பச்சிதைவு
thermal diffusion வெப்பத்தால் பரவுதல்
thermal diffusivity வெப்பவிரிவு திறன்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத்திறமை
thermal polymerization வெப்ப பல்லறுப்பாக்கல்
thermal process அனல்முறை
thermal resistance வெப்பத்தடை
thermal springs வெப்பநீர் ஊற்றுகள்
thermal stability வெப்ப நிலைப்புத் தன்மை
thermal-liquid system வெப்ப நீர்ம அமைப்பு
hydrothermal crystal growth வெப்ப நீர்ப்படிக வளர்ச்சி
electrothermal fumace மின் அனல் உலை
thermal வெப்பஞ்சார், அனல்
thermal dehydration வெப்ப நீரிழப்பு
thermal injury வெப்பக் காயம்
thermal pulmonary damage நுரையீரல் வெப்பத்தாக்கம்
central thermal stimulus மைய வெப்பத்தூண்டல்
thermal cracking வெப்ப உடைப்பு முறை
thermal desorption அனல்முறை மாசுநீக்கம்
thermal erosion அனல் அரிப்பு
thermal gradient வெப்பச் சரிமானம்
thermal inversion வெப்பநிலைத் தலைக்கீழ்மாற்றம்
thermal plume அனல் தோகை (அனல் விரிப்பு)
thermal precipitation வெப்பத் துகளியக்கம்
thermal soaring வெப்பப் பறக்கை
thermal stratification வெப்பநிலை அடுக்கமைப்பு
solar thermal power system சூரிய அனல்மின் அமைப்பு
thermal வெப்பநிலைசார்
thermal convection வெப்பநிலைச் சுழற்சி
thermal gradient வெப்பநிலை வாட்டம் (சரிமானம்)
thermal jet வெப்பத் தாரை
thermal steering வெப்பக் காற்றுவழி திசைதிருப்பல்
thermal vorticity வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சுழிப்பு
thermal vorticity advection வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சுழிப்புப் பெயர்வு
solar-thermal-vacuum chamber (stv) சூரிய அனல்-வெற்றிட அறை
thermal tile (விண்கல) வெப்பக் காப்புறை
thermal algae வெப்பந்தாங்கும் பாசிகள்
thermal conductor வெப்பக்கடத்தி
thermal cycle வெப்பச்சுழற்சி
thermal inversion வெப்பத் தலைக்கீழாக்கம்
thermal pollution வெப்பமாசு
geothermal energy புவிவெப்ப ஆற்றல்
thermal destruction curves வெப்ப அழிவு வரைகள்
thermal processing வெப்பப்பதனம் செய்தல்
thermal properties வெப்பவியல் பண்புகள்
thermal resistance வெப்பம் எதிர்ப்பு
thermal shock வெப்பஅதிர்ச்சி
thermal analysis வெப்பப் பகுப்பாய்வு
thermal barrier வெப்பம்சார் வேகவரம்பு
thermal battery வெப்ப மின்கலஅடுக்கு
thermal black அனற் கரி
thermal bond வெப்பப் பிணைப்பு
thermal break வெப்பங்கடத்தாப் பொருள்/ இடையூட்டு
thermal breeder reactor வெப்ப ஈனுலை
thermal bulb வெப்பக் குமிழ்
thermal capacitance வெப்பக் கொண்மம்
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொண்மை (கொள்)
thermal cell வெப்ப மின்கலம்
thermal column வெப்ப நியூட்ரான் வழங்கு கம்பம்
thermal compressor வெப்ப அமுக்கி
thermal conductimetry வெப்பங்கடத்து அளவி
thermal conductivity வெப்பக்கடத்துமை
thermal conductivity gage வெப்பங்கடத்துத்திறன் அளவி
thermal conductor வெப்பங்கடத்தி
thermal convection வெப்பச் சலனம் (சுழல்வு)
thermal converter வெப்பமாற்றி
thermal coulomb இயல்பாற்றல் அலகு
thermal cracking வெப்பத்தாற் பகுப்பு
thermal cross section வெப்பக் குறுக்குவெட்டு
thermal cutout வெப்ப இணைப்பு முறிப்பி
thermal cutting வெப்பமூட்டி வெட்டல்
thermal degradation வெப்பப் படியிறக்கம்
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவல்திறன்
thermal drift வெப்ப நகர்வு
thermal drilling வெப்பத் துளையிடல்
thermal efficiency வெப்பச் செயல்திறன்
thermal electromotive force வெப்ப மின்இயக்கு விசை
thermal equilibrium வெப்பச் சமநிலை
thermal excitation வெப்பக் கிளர்வு
thermal expansion வெப்ப விரிவு
thermal expansion coefficient வெப்ப விரிவுக் கெழு
thermal fatigue வெப்பஅயர்வு
thermal flame safeguard வெப்பத்தழல் காப்பமைவு
thermal flasher வெப்பச் சுடர்த் தெறிப்பி
thermal flask வெப்பக் குடுவை
thermal gradient வெப்ப வாட்டம்
thermal horsepower வெப்பக் குதிரைத்திறன்
thermal hysteresis வெப்பத் தயக்கம்
thermal imagery வெப்பத் தோற்றுரு
thermal inductance வெப்பத் தூண்டல்
thermal instability வெப்ப நிலைப்பின்மை
thermal instrument வெப்ப அளவுக்கருவி
thermal jet வெப்பத்தாரை
thermal limit வெப்பவரம்பு
thermal magnon வெப்ப போலித்துகள்
thermal microphone வெப்ப ஒலிவாங்கி
thermal neutron வெப்ப நியூட்ரான்
thermal noise generator வெப்ப இரைச்சல் ஆக்கி
thermal polymerization வெப்பப் பல்படியாக்கம்
thermal probe வெப்பச் சலாகை
thermal pulse வெப்பத் துடிப்பு
thermal reactor வெப்ப அணுஉலை
thermal reforming வெப்ப மறுவடிவாக்கம்
thermal regenerative cell வெப்ப மீளாக்க மின்கலம்
thermal relay வெப்ப உணர்த்தி
thermal relief வெப்ப விடுவிப்பு
thermal resistance வெப்பத் தடை
thermal resistivity வெப்பத் தடைமை
thermal resistor வெப்பத் தடையகம்
thermal runaway வெப்பமிகு மின்னோட்டம்
thermal scattering வெப்பச் சிதறல்
thermal shield வெப்பக் காப்பு
thermal spraying வெப்பத் தெளித்தல்
thermal steering வெப்பக்காற்று திசைதிருப்பல்
thermal stratification வெப்ப அடுக்காக்கல்
thermal stress வெப்பத் தகைவு
thermal stress cracking வெப்பத்தகைவால் விரிசல்
thermal switch வெப்ப இணைப்பு
thermal telephone receiver வெப்பத் தொலைபேசி அலைவாங்கி
thermal tide வெப்ப ஓதம்
thermal transducer வெப்ப ஆற்றல்மாற்றி
thermal transpiration வெப்ப அழுத்தப்பாய்ம வெளியேறல்
thermal tuning வெப்ப ஒத்தியைவு
thermal utilization factor வெப்ப பயன்பாட்டுக் காரணி
thermal value வெப்ப மதிப்பு
thermal valve வெப்ப ஓரதர்
thermal vorticity வெப்பக்காற்று சுழிப்பு
thermal vorticity advection வெப்பக்காற்று சுழிப்புச் செலுத்தம்
thermal wattmeter வெப்ப மின்திறன் அளவி (வாட்டளவி)
thermal wave வெப்ப அலை
thermal wind வெப்பக்காற்று
thermal wind equation வெப்பக்காற்றுச் சமன்பாடு
thermal-liquid system வெப்ப நீர்மஅமைப்பு
hall cyclic thermal reforming ஆல்சுழற்சி வெப்ப மறுஆக்கம்
effective thermal resistance பயனுறு வெப்பத்தடை
differential thermal analysis வெப்ப வேறுபாட்டுப் பகுப்பாய்வு
coefficient of thermal conductivity வெப்பக்கடத்துமைக்கெழு
coefficient of thermal expansion வெப்பவிரிவுக்கெழு
brake thermal efficiency தடைவெப்ப பயனுறுதிறன்
british thermal unit பிரிட்டன் வெப்பவலகு
thermal stencil வெப்பப் பதிநகல்
printer, thermal வெப்ப அச்சுப்பொறி
electro thermal printer மின்வெப்ப அச்சுப்பொறி
thermal வெப்ப, அனல்
thermal buoyancy வெப்பமிதப்பு நிலை
thermal conductivity வெப்பங்கடத்தும் திறன்
thermal death point இறப்பு வெப்பநிலை
thermal death time வெப்ப இறப்பு நேரம்
thermal diffusivity வெப்ப விரவு திறன்
thermal energy storage வெப்ப ஆற்றல் தேக்கம்
thermal inactivation point செயல் முடக்கும் வெப்பநிலை
thermal ionization வெப்ப அயனியாக்கல்
thermal neutron வெப்ப நொதுமி
thermal power வெப்பத்திறன், அனல்மின்திறன்
thermal processing வெப்பத்தால் பதப்படுத்தல்
thermal proof வெப்பத்தடுப்பு
thermal radiation வெப்பக்கதிர்வீச்சு
photo thermal requirement ஒளி வெப்பத் தேவை
photo thermal unit (ptu) ஒளி வெப்ப அலகு
ocean thermal energy conversion கடல் வெப்பஆற்றல் மாற்றம்
thermal agitation வெப்பக் கிளர்ச்சி
thermal capacity வெப்பக் கொள்ளளவு
thermal conduction வெப்பக்கடத்தல்
thermal conductivity வெப்பக் கடத்துதிறன்
thermal death point நுண்ணுயிரிகள் அழிவு வெப்பநிலை
thermal death time நுண்ணுயிர் வெப்பஇறப்பு நேரம்
thermal diffusion வெப்ப விரவல்
thermal efficiency வெப்பத் திறமை
thermal emission வெப்ப உமிழ்வு
thermal insulation வெப்பக் காப்பீடு
thermal losses வெப்ப இழப்புகள்
thermal pollution வெப்ப மாசு
thermal power அனல்மின் திறன்
thermal power plant அனல்மின் நிலையம்
thermal processing வெப்பச் செயல்முறை
thermal properties வெப்பநிலைப் பண்புகள்
thermal properties of fibers இழை வெப்பநிலைப் பண்புகள்
thermal radiation வெப்பக் கதிர்வீச்சு
thermal reactor வெப்ப வினைகலன் (அணுஉலை)
thermal stabilisation வெப்ப நிலைப்பூட்டல்
thermal woven வெப்பத் தளர் நெசவுசெய்த
energy, thermal வெப்ப ஆற்றல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Thermal வெப்பம் சார்ந்த
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
THERMO-
(Chambers) thermo- a combining form meaning heat, temperature, as in thermometer, thermonuclear, thermoplastic. Borrowed from Greek thermo-, combining form of thermós hot, thérmē heat; see warm.
(Onions) thermo- þə̄·ɹmou repr. comb. form of Gr. thérmē heat, thermós hot, in many scientific terms.
(American Heritage) thermo- or therm- pref. 1. Heat: thermochemistry. 2. Thermoelectric: thermojunction. [From Greek thermē, heat, from thermos, warm, hot. See gwher- in Appendix.]
(OED) thermo-
forms: before a vowel usually therm- (but often in full form).
origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek.
etymons: Latin thermo-, Greek θερμο-.
etymology: < (i) classical Latin and post-classical Latin thermo- (in e.g.thermoscopium thermoscope n.),and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek θερμο-, combining form (in e.g. θερμόβουλος hot-tempered) of θερμός hot < the same Indo-European base as warm adj.
Entering into many scientific and technical terms, as thermochemistry n., thermodynamic adj., thermograph n., thermometer n., thermoscope n., etc., and their derivatives; also in the following words of less frequent use or more recent formation. (In some of these thermo- is used as an abbreviation of thermo-electric adj. and n.)
(Online Etymology) thermo- before vowels therm-, word-forming element meaning "hot, heat, temperature," used in scientific and technical words, from Greek thermos "hot, warm," therme "heat" (from PIE root *gwher-"to heat, warm").
Thermo - கலைச்சொற்கள்
earth thermometer நிலத் தெறுமமானி
electrothermoluminescence மின்தெறுமவொள்ளெறிவு
diathermocoagulation ஊடுமின்வெப்பக் குருதிக்கட்டு
cylindrical thermocouple நெட்டுருளைத் தெறுமவிணை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermoelectric current வெப்ப மின்னோட்டம்
effect thermoelectric வெப்பமின் விளைவு
thermoelectric thermometer அனல்மின் வெப்பநிலை அளவி
thermometer வெப்ப நிலை மானி
thermostat வெப்பநிலை நிலைப்பி
thermo plastic வெப்ப இளகு குழைமம்
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
thermo chemical data வெப்ப வேதியியல் தரவுகள்
thermo chemistry வெப்ப வேதியியல்
thermo couple வெப்ப மின் இரட்டை
thermo e.m.f வெப்ப மின்னியக்கு விசை
thermo electric thermometer வெப்ப மின் வெப்ப நிலைமானி
thermo regulator வெப்ப சீரமைப்புக் கருவி
chemical thermodynamics வேதி வெப்ப இயக்கவியல்
thermo regulation வெப்பநிலைக் கட்டுப்பாடு
human thermo regulation மனித உடல் வெப்பச் சீரமைப்பு முறை
thermochemical conversion வெப்பவேதியியல் மாற்றம்
thermochemical heat storage வெப்பவேதியியல் வெப்பத் தேக்கம்
thermodynamics, laws of வெப்ப இயக்கவியல் விதிகள்
thermoelectricity effect வெப்பமின்விளைவு
thermogenesis வெப்பஉருவாக்கம்
thermonasty வெப்பஅசைவு
thermoneutral zone வெப்ப நொதுமல் மண்டலம்
thermoosmosis வெப்பச் சவ்வூடுபரவல்
thermoperiodism வெப்பக்காலத்துவம்
thermophile வெப்பநாடி
thermoprotection வெப்பப்பாதுகாப்பு
thermosphere வெப்பமண்டலம்
thermotropism வெப்பத்துலங்கல்
thermo migration வெப்ப இடப்பெயர்ப்பு
giaque’s temperature scale thermo சையாக் வெப்பநிலை அளவு
cylindrical thermo couple உருளை வெப்பவிரட்டை
thermo chemical methods வெப்ப வேதிமுறைகள்
thermo dormancy வெப்பத் துறங்கும்நிலை
thermo dormant seed வெப்பத் துறங்கும் விதை
thermo electric conversion வெப்ப மின்மாற்றம்
thermo electric power வெப்ப மின்திறன்
thermo emission வெப்ப (மின்னணு) உமிழ்வு
thermo meter வெப்பநிலைமானி
thermo nuclear fusion வெப்ப அணுப் பிணைப்பு
thermo nuclear fusion reactor வெப்ப அணுப் பிணைப்பு வினைகலன்
thermo sensitive genic male sterility (tgms) வெப்பநிலைசார் ஆண் மலட்டுத்தன்மை
thermo taxis வெப்பத் தூண்டியக்கம்
thermo zipton sytem வெப்ப உறிஞ்சி அமைப்பு
thermo dynamics வெப்ப இயக்கவியல்
thermo electric effect வெப்ப மின்விளைவு
thermo genesis (dietary) (உணவுவழி) வெப்ப ஆக்கம்
thermo nuclear reaction வெப்ப அணுக்கரு வினை
thermo peeling சுட்டுத் தோலுரித்தல்
thermo plastic (adj) வெப்ப இளகு
thermo regulation வெப்பச் சீர்மை
thermo setting plastics வெப்பஇறுகு நெகிழிகள்
thermo stabilization வெப்ப நிலைப்பேறு
thermo syphon system வெப்ப வடிகுழாய் அமைப்பு
thermo tactic வெப்பத்தால் மாறாத
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOCHEMISTRY
(American Heritage) ther·mo·chem·is·try n. The chemistry of heat and heat-associated chemical phenomena.
(OED) thermochemistry
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + chemistry n.
That branch of chemical science which deals with the quantities of heat evolved or absorbed when substances undergo chemical change or enter into solution; e.g. the amount of heat evolved when hydrogen burns in oxygen or when sodium hydroxide is neutralized by sulphuric acid. Also sometimes used in a wider sense to include all relations of heat to substances, such as conductivity, specific heat, etc.
(Online Etymology) thermochemistry (n.) also thermo-chemistry, 1840, from thermo- + chemistry.
Thermochemistry - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermochemistry தெறுமவேதியல்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermochemistry வேதிவெப்பியல்
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermochemistry வெப்பவேதியியல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOCLINE
(American Heritage) ther·mo·cline n. A layer in a large body of water, such as a lake, that sharply separates regions differing in temperature, so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
(OED) thermocline
see thermo-
(Online Etymology) thermocline (n.) 1897, from thermo- + -cline, from Greek klinein "to slope," from PIE root *klei- "to lean."
Thermocline -கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermocline தெறுமச் சரிவுவாட்டம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
Thermocline வெப்பச் சரிவு மண்டலம்
-கலைச்சொல் அகராதி
thermocline வெப்பநிலைச் சரிவு
thermocline வெப்பநிலைச்சரிவு
seasonal thermocline பருவ வெப்பநிலைச்சரிவு
thermocline வெப்பச்சரிவு
seasonal thermocline பருவ வெப்பச்சரிவு
Thermocline தெர்மோகிளைன்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOCOUPLE
(American Heritage) ther·mo·cou·ple n. A thermoelectric device used to measure temperatures accurately, especially one consisting of two dissimilar metals joined so that a potential difference generated between the points of contact is a measure of the temperature difference between the points.
(OED) thermocouple
forms: Formerly also thermo-couple.
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + couple n.
A thermoelectric device for measuring temperature, consisting of two different metals joined at a point so that the junction develops a voltage dependent on the amount by which its temperature differs from that of the other end of each metal.
(Online Etymology) thermocouple (n.) also thermo-couple, 1862, from thermo-electric + couple (n.).
thermocouple - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermocouple தெறுமவிணை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermocouple வெப்ப இணை
thermocouple electric pyrometer வெப்ப மின்னோட்ட அளவி
thermocouple kinematics வெப்ப இயக்கப்பாட்டியல்
thermocouple kinetic change வெப்ப ஆற்றல் மாற்றம்
thermocouple pile வெப்பத்தில் உறையும்
thermocouple setting வெப்ப அடுக்கு
thermocouple siphon system வெப்ப அமைப்பு
thermocouple stat வெப்ப நிலைப்பி
thermocouple statics வெப்ப நிலையியல்
cylindrical thermocouple உருளை வெப்ப இரட்டை
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
thermocouple வெப்ப மின்னிரட்டை
radiation thermocouple கதிர்வீச்சு வெப்ப இரட்டை
semiconductor thermocouple குறைக்கடத்தி வெப்ப இரட்டை
radiation thermocouple கதிர்வீச்சு வெப்பஇணை
thermocouple வெப்ப இரட்டை
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMODYNAMIC
(American Heritage) ther·mo·dy·nam·ic adj. 1. Characteristic of or resulting from the conversion of heat into other forms of energy. 2. Of or relating to thermodynamics.
(OED) thermodynamic
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + dynamics n.
The theory of the relations between heat and mechanical energy, and of the conversion of either into the other.
(Online Etymology) thermodynamic (adj.) 1849, from thermo- + dynamic (adj.).
thermodynamic - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermodynamic changes வெப்பவியக்க மாற்றங்கள்
thermodynamic coordinates வெப்பவியக்க ஆயங்கள்
thermodynamic cycle வெப்பவியக்கச் சுழற்சி
thermodynamic equilibrium வெப்பவியக்கச் சமநிலை
thermodynamic potential வெப்பவியக்க அழுத்தம்
thermodynamic probability வெப்பவியக்க நிகழ்தகவு
thermodynamic process வெப்பவியக்கச் செயல்முறை
thermodynamic system வெப்பவியக்க அமைப்பு
thermodynamic variable வெப்பவியக்க மாறி
absolute thermodynamic scale தனி வெப்பவியக்க அளவை
thermodynamic data வெப்ப இயக்க தரவுகள்
thermodynamic engine வெப்ப இயக்க எந்திரம்
thermodynamic equation of state வெப்ப இயக்கச் சமன்பாடு
thermodynamic function வெப்ப இயக்கச் சார்பலன்கள்
thermodynamic probability வெப்ப இயக்க நிகழ்தகவு
thermodynamic properties வெப்ப இயக்கவியல் பண்புகள்
thermodynamic scale of temperature வெப்ப இயக்கவியல் வெப்பநிலை அளவீட்டு முறை
thermodynamic state வெப்ப இயக்கநிலை
thermodynamic cycle வெப்பஇயக்கச் சுழற்சி
thermodynamic equilibrium வெப்பஇயக்கச் சமநிலை
thermodynamic probability வெப்பஇயக்க நிகழ்தகவு
thermodynamic property வெப்பஇயக்கப் பண்பு
absolute thermodynamic scale தனி வெப்பஇயக்க அளவுகோல்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOGRAPH
(American Heritage) ther·mo·graph n. 1. A thermometer that records the temperature it indicates. 2. The apparatus used in diagnostic thermography.
(OED) thermograph
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + -graph comb. form: compare French thermographe.
- A figure or tracing produced by the action of heat, esp. of the heat-rays of the spectrum upon a prepared surface.
- A graphic record of variations of temperature; a heat register; = thermogram n. 1.
- A thermometric instrument which automatically records variations of temperature; a self-registering thermometer.
4.a. = thermogram n. 2.
- An apparatus for obtaining thermograms.
(Online Etymology) thermograph (n.) "automatic self-registering thermometer, "1881, from thermo- + -graph "instrument for recording; something written." Related: Thermographic.
thermograph - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermograph தெறுமப் பதிகருவி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
aspiration thermograph இழுப்பு முறை வெப்ப நிலை வரைவி
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
thermograph வெங்கதிரியக்கப் பதி கருவி
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermograph வெப்பக்கதிர்வீச்சுப் பதிவி
thermograph வெப்பப்பதிவுக்கருவி
soil thermograph மண்புதை வெப்பஅளவி
thermograph வெப்பநிலை வரைவி
aspiration thermograph இழுப்புமுறை வெப்பநிலை வரைவி
hygro thermograph காற்று வெப்பநிலை, ஈரப்பத அளவி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
Thermograph வெப்ப பதிவுக் கருவி
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
THERMOGRAPHY
(American Heritage) ther·mog·ra·phy n. pl. ther·mog·ra·phies. 1. A process for producing raised lettering, as on stationery or calling cards, by application of a powder that is fused by heat to the fresh ink. 2. A diagnostic technique in which an infrared camera is used to measure temperature variations on the surface of the body, producing images that reveal sites of abnormal tissue growth.
(OED) thermography
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + -graphy comb. form: compare French thermographie.
- Any process of writing or drawing effected or developed by the influence of heat.
- The taking or use of infra-red thermograms, esp. to detect tumours.
(Online Etymology) thermography (n.) 1840, "method of writing which requires heat to develop the characters," from thermo- + -graphy.
thermography - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermography தெறுமவரைவியல்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermography வெங்கதிரியக்கப் பதிவுமுறை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermography வெப்ப வரைவியல்
thermography வெப்பநிலை வரைவியல்
projection thermography திரைவீழ்ப்பு வெப்பநிலை வரைவியல்
pulsed video thermography துடிப்பு ஒளிக்காட்சி வெப்பவரைவியல்
infrared thermography அகச்சிவப்பு வெப்ப வரைபடவியல்
contact thermography தொடுவெப்பவரைவு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMONUCLEAR
(American Heritage) ther·mo·nu·cle·ar adj. 1. Of, relating to, or derived from the fusion of atomic nuclei at high temperatures: thermonuclear reactions. 2. Of, relating to, or characterized by the use of atomic weapons based on fusion, especially as distinguished from those based on fission: thermonuclear war.
(OED) thermonuclear
forms: Also thermo-nuclear.
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + nuclear adj.
- Derived from, utilizing, or being a nuclear reaction that occurs only at very high temperatures (such as those inside stars), viz. fusion of hydrogen or other light nuclei.
- Pertaining to, characterized by, or possessing weapons that utilize thermonuclear reactions.
(Online Etymology) thermonuclear (adj.) 1938 with reference to stars, 1953 of weapons (technically only to describe the hydrogen bomb), from thermo- + nuclear.
thermonuclear - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermonuclear அணுக்கருத்தெறுமஞ்சார்ந்த
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermonuclear energy வெப்ப அணுக்கரு ஆற்றல்
thermonuclear reaction வெப்ப அணுக்கரு எதிர்வினை
thermonuclear device வெப்பஅணுக்கரு அமைகருவி
thermonuclear reaction வெப்பஅணுக்கரு வினை
thermonuclear rocket வெப்பஅணுக்கரு ஏவூர்தி
thermonuclear weapon வெப்பஅணுக்கரு படைக்கலம்
controlled thermonuclear reaction கட்டுப்பாடுற்ற உட்கரு வெப்பவினை
controlled thermonuclear reactor கட்டுப்பாடுற்ற உட்கரு வெப்ப அணுஉலை
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOPLASTIC
(Chambers) thermoplastic adj. becoming soft and capable of being molded when heated. 1883, formed from English thermo- + plastic, adj. —n. thermoplastic substance. 1929, from the adjective.
(American Heritage) ther·mo·plas·tic adj. Becoming soft when heated and hard when cooled. — n. A thermoplastic resin, such as polystyrene or polyethylene.
(OED) thermoplastic
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + plastic n.
- adj.
Becoming soft when heated and rigid when allowed to cool, and capable of being repeatedly reheated and reshaped without loss of properties; made of such a substance.
- n.
A thermoplastic substance.
(Online Etymology) thermoplastic (adj.) 1870, see thermo- + plastic (adj.). As a noun from 1929.
thermoplastic -கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermoplastic தெறுமஞெகிழி
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermoplastic வெப்பத்தால் இளகிக் குளிரில் இறுகும் இயல்புடைய
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
thermoplastic வெப்பத்தால் இளகும் நெகிழி
thermoplastic elastomer வெப்பக் குழைம மீளுறுப்பி
thermoplastic வெப்பஇளகு
thermoplastic elastomer வெப்பஇளகு மீள்மம்
thermoplastic insulation வெப்பஇளகுக் காப்பி
thermoplastic recording வெப்பஇளகுப் பதிவு
thermoplastic resin வெப்பஇளகுப் பிசின்
filled thermoplastic நிரப்பிய வெப்பநெகிழி
thermoplastic fibres வெப்பஇளகு நாரிழைகள்
thermoplastic yarns வெப்பஇளகு நூலிழைகள்
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOSPHERE
(American Heritage) ther·mo·sphere n. The outermost shell of the atmosphere, between the mesosphere and outer space, where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
(OED) thermosphere
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + sphere n.
1.†a. (See quot. 1924.) Obsolete. rare.
- b. The part of the atmosphere between the mesopause and the height at which it ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium, characterized throughout by an increase of temperature with height.
- The warmer, upper part of the oceans.
(Online Etymology) thermosphere (n.) 1924, from thermo- + sphere.
thermosphere - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermosphere தெறுமப்புரியம்
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermosphere வளிமண்டல வெப்பஅடுக்கு
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
THERMOSTAT
(American Heritage) ther·mo·stat n. A device, as in a home heating system, arefrigerator, or an air conditioner, that automatically responds to temperaturechanges and activates switches controlling the equipment.
(OED) thermostat
etymology: < thermo- comb. form + Greek στατός standing: compare heliostat n.
- An automatic apparatus for regulating temperature; esp. a device in which the expansive force of metals or gas acts directly upon the source of heat, ventilation, or the like, or controls them indirectly by opening and closing an electric circuit.
- An apparatus which gives notice of undue increase of temperature; an automatic fire-alarm.
(Online Etymology) thermostat (n.) automatic instrument for regulating temperature, 1831, from thermo- + -stat.
thermostat - கலைச்சொற்கள்
thermostat தெறுமநில்லை
-அருங்கலைச்சொல் அகரமுதலி (2002)
thermostat வெப்பநிலை நிலைப்பி
-அறிவியல் கலைச்சொல்லகராதி
Thermostat வெப்பச் சீராக்கி
-ஆட்சிச் சொல்லகராதி (2015)
thermostat வெப்ப நிலை நிறுத்தி
bimetal thermostat ஈருலோக வெப்பநிலைச் சீராக்கி
-கலைச்சொல் பேரகராதி
thermostat வெப்ப நிலைகாட்டி
-வெற்றி அகராதி (1995)
THERMOPYLAE
(American Heritage) Ther·mop·y·lae A narrow pass of east-central Greece. It was the site of an unsuccessful Spartan stand against the Persians in 480 B.C.
(OED) thermopylae
etymology: < the name of Thermopylae, a narrow pass on the north-east coast of Greece between Thessaly and Locris, the scene of a battle in 480 b.c. in which a small Greek force temporarily withheld a Persian invasion.
Used figuratively and in extended sense with reference to heroic resistance against strong opposition.
(Online Etymology) Thermopylae narrow land passage along the Malian Gulf in ancient Greece, from Greek thermos "hot" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm") + pylai, plural of pylē "gate; mountain pass, entrance into a region" (see pylon). In reference to nearby hot sulfur springs. Often simply hai pylai "the gates." Figurative of heroic resistance against overwhelming numbers since the battle fought there between the Greeks and Persians in 480 B.C.E.
THERMOS
(Chambers) thermos n. bottle, flask, or jug made with a vacuum between the inner and outer walls. 1907 thermos flask, a trademark patented in 1904 but not named or recorded until 1907; borrowed from Greek thermós hot; see warm. —thermos bottle (1909).
(American Heritage) Ther·mos (thûr′mәs) A trademark used for a brand of vacuum bottles and other insulated containers.
(OED) thermos
etymology: < Greek θερμός warm, hot.
A trade term noting a flask, bottle, or the like capable of being kept hot or cold by the device (invented by Sir James Dewar) of surrounding the interior vessel with a vacuum jacket to prevent the conduction of heat. Hence (frequently with small initial) applied loosely to any vacuum flask. Alsoabsol., and designating a liquid which has been kept in a Thermos flask.
(Online Etymology) Thermos (n.) trademark registered in Britain 1907, invented by Sir James Dewar (patented 1904 but not named then), from Greek thermos "hot" (from PIE root *gwher- "to heat, warm"). Dewar built the first one in 1892, but it was first manufactured commercially in Germany in 1904, when two glass blowers formed Thermos GmbH. Supposedly the company sponsored a contest to name the thing, and a Munich resident won with a submission of Thermos.
thermos - கலைச்சொற்கள்
hermos, thermosflask சேமச்செப்பு, காப்புக்குடுவை
-ஆங்கிலம் - தமிழ்ச் சொற்களஞ்சியம் (2010)
